Nsc 170 Final Exam.

NSC 170 FINAL EXAM

CarbaoProductionao-aoans--Producedaobyaophotosynthesis

Monosaccharidesao(simpleaocarbs)ao-aoans--Glucose,aofructose,aogalactose

Disaccharidesao(simpleaocarbs)ao-aoans--Sucroseao=aoglucoseao+aofructose
Lactoseao=aoglucoseao+aogalactose
Maltoseao=aoglucoseao+aoglucose

Polysaccharidesao-aoans--manyaomonosaccharidesaolinkedaotogether

Starchao-aoans--storageaoformaoofaoglucoseao(carbs)aoinaoplants

Glycogenao-aoans--Animalaostorageaoformaoofaoglucose.aoFoundaoinaoliveraoandaomuscles

Fiberao-aoans--
Aaocomplexaocarbohydrateao(0aocal),aofoundaoinaoplantaofoods,aothataocannotaobeaobroken
aodownao(differentaobondaoform).aoFermentedaoinaolargeaointestines


HealthaoBenefitsaoofaoFiberao-aoans---
aoInhibitsaocholesterolaoabsorption,aoloweringaocholesterolaolevels
-aoSlowsaoglucoseaoabsorption
-aoKeepsaoyouaofuller,aolonger

CarbaoDigestionao-aoans---aoMouthao(SalivaryaoAmylase)
-aoStomach
-aoPancreasao(PancreaticaoAmylaseaoandaosodiumaobicarbonateao-aoneutralizesaochyme)
-aoSmallaoIntestinesao(DisaccharidesaointoaoMonosaccharides)

Insulinao-aoans--Hormonesaothataolowersaobloodaoglucoseaolevelsao(pancreas)

Glucagonao-aoans--
Hormonesaothataoraisesaobloodaoglucoseaolevelsao(skeletalaomuscleaoandaoliver)

Krebsaocycleao-aoans--HowaoweaoproduceaoATPao(usableaoenergy)

Typeao1ao&ao2aoDiabetesao-aoans---
aoInsulinaodependentao(fruityaobreath,aogainaoweight,aofatigue)
-aoInsulinao(obesity)

, EssentialaoFattyaoAcidsao-aoans--
Polyunsaturatedaoareaoneededaotoaoproduceaoeicosanoids
-Omegaao3'sao(anti-inflammatory)
-Omegaao6's

Trans-fatao-aoans--LoweraoHDLaoraiseaoLDLao(bad)

Sterolsao-aoans--(Cholesterol)aoPrecursoraotoao:aoVitaoD,aotestosterone,aoestrogen,aobile

DigestionaoandaoAbsorptionaoofaoLipidsao-aoans--
(Smallaointestines)aoBileaoemulsifiesaofat,aoChylomicronsaoabsoribedaointoaolymphaticaosy
stem

Lipoproteinsao-aoans--Fataotransporters

Chylomicronsao(lipoproteins)ao-aoans---aocomposedaoofaotriglycerides
-aoMadeaoinaosmallaointestines
-aoDeliveraotriglyceridesaotoaocells

VLDLao-aoans---aocomposedaoofaotriglycerides
-aoMadeaoinaoliveraofromaosynthesizedaofat

LDLao-aoans---aoComposedaoofaocholesterol
-aoMadeaoinaocirculationaofromaoVLDL

HDLao-aoans---aoComposedaoofaoprotein
-aoMadeaoinaoliveraoforaoreverseaocholesterolaotransport

EssentialaoAminoaoAcidsao-aoans--
Aminoaoacidsaothataoareaoneeded,aobutaocannotaobeaomadeaobyaotheaobody;aotheyaomusta
obeaoeatinaoinaofoods


Lymphao-aoans--Carriesaodietaryaofataotoaolargeaovein

NervousaoTissueao-aoans--Utilizeaochemoreceptorsaoandaobaroreceptorsam

Stomachao-aoans--GastricaoJuiceao&aoChyme

Organsaoinaowasteaoremovalao-aoans--Largeaointestines,aolungsaoandaoliver

Liverao-aoans--Fataosolubleaowasteaodumpedaoinaoile

Kidneysao-aoans--
Wateraosolubleaowasteaodissolvedaoinaowater,aourineaostoredaoinaobladder

StorageaoStystemao-aoans--Liverao-aocarbsao(glycogen)