HESI (Entrance Exam)
comprehensive questions and answer latest upload
2024/ 2025 with 100% verified solutions
Which of the following is NOT an ovarian cycle phase? A) follicular b) ovulation c) luteal d)
menstuation - ANSWER-D) menstuation
Which of the following is NOT a uterine cycle phase? - ANSWER-ovulation
The first milk that is produced following delivery is called _____. - ANSWER-colostrum
The production of milk requires the hormone _____ and the "let down" of milk requires the
hormone ______. - ANSWER-prolactin; oxytocin
Of the natural methods of contraception, which one is most effective? - ANSWER-abstinence
the presence of uterine tissue outside the uterus is called - ANSWER-endometriosis.
Which of the following is an STD caused by a virus? - ANSWER-genital warts
What is caused by Papilloma viruses in humans? - ANSWER-genital warts
Which bacterial STD has three distinct stages? - ANSWER-syphills
What is bulbourethral glands? (cowper glands) - ANSWER-Internal accessory organs it
secrete a mucus-like fluid that lubricates the ends of the penis
Urea is made in the _____ and removed from the body via the ____________ - ANSWER-
liver; kidneys
When blood supply to the kidneys drops, the kidneys will release - ANSWER-Renin
1|Page
,When the oxygen content of the blood decreases, the kidneys will release - ANSWER-
erythropoietin
Aldosterone stimulates the kidneys to - ANSWER-reabsorption of sodium ions and water
Which of the following is not a region of the kidney?
A) medulla
B) cortex
C) lobule
D) pelvis - ANSWER-C
Where in the kidney are the glomeruli located? - ANSWER-cortex
Where does filtration based on blood pressure occur? - ANSWER-glomerulus
Glomerular filtration occurs between the _____ and the ______. - ANSWER-glomerulus and
the glomerular capsule
The process of returning water, nutrients, and salt to the blood from the filtrate in the tubules
is - ANSWER-tubular reabsorption.
Where does tubular reabsorption primarily occur? - ANSWER-proximal convoluted tubule
Identify the mechanisms of water intake. - ANSWER-Fluid ingested, food ingested and
metabolic processes
The reabsorption of water from the Loop of Henle depends on the movement of ______ out
of the tubule. - ANSWER-sodium chloride
Identify the mechanisms of water output. - ANSWER-Exhaled air, sweat, urine and feces
2|Page
,What molecule adds to the increased solute concentration in the lowest part of the renal
medulla? - ANSWER-urea
Where does tubular secretion primarily occur? - ANSWER-distal convoluted tubule
To increase the reabsorption of water, which parts of the kidney tubules are involved? -
ANSWER-Loop of Henle and collecting duct
The best indicator of blood osmolarity is the blood concentration of ______ ions. -
ANSWER-sodium
Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) will promote a(n) _______ in the excretion of sodium and
water; thus ______ blood volume and blood pressure. - ANSWER-Increase; decrease
The presence of ADH will cause - ANSWER-decreased urine production.
What controls the reabsorption of salt and water in the distal convoluted tubule? - ANSWER-
hormones
Which structure monitors blood volume and monitors the osmolarity of the blood? -
ANSWER-juxtaglomerular apparatus
Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus located? - ANSWER-Between the afferent arteriole
and the distal convoluted tubule.
The most important blood buffer is - ANSWER-bicarbonate and water.
Infection of the kidney is called _________ . - ANSWER-pyelonephritis
What is the function of human chorionic gonadotropic hormone? - ANSWER-maintains the
corpus luteum.
Infection of the urinary bladder is - ANSWER-cystitis.
3|Page
, Where is urea produced? - ANSWER-liver and stored in the kidneys
Identify components of pancreatic juice. - ANSWER-amylase, lipase, sodium bicarbonate
and trypsin
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
A) Detoxification of the blood.
B) Bile secretion.
C) Digestive enzyme production.
D) Storage of glucose as glycogen. - ANSWER-C) Digestive enzyme production.
What are the most abundant elements of the human body? - ANSWER-Carbon, Hydrogen,
Oxygen, Nitrogen
90% of the human body is composed of just four elements which are: - ANSWER-Carbon,
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of the
element is called: - ANSWER-Atom
Subatomic particles are: - ANSWER-Protons (positive), Neutrons (neutral) and Electrons
(negative)
All matter is composed of basic substances called - ANSWER-Elements
An atom that tells you how many protons an atom has is called: - ANSWER-Atomic Number
The number of protons and neutrons is called: - ANSWER-Mass Number
What is isotope? - ANSWER-The same element but different number in protons and
neutrons-Mass Number (protons plus neutrons) minus Atomic Number (number of protons)
equals the number of neutrons.
4|Page
comprehensive questions and answer latest upload
2024/ 2025 with 100% verified solutions
Which of the following is NOT an ovarian cycle phase? A) follicular b) ovulation c) luteal d)
menstuation - ANSWER-D) menstuation
Which of the following is NOT a uterine cycle phase? - ANSWER-ovulation
The first milk that is produced following delivery is called _____. - ANSWER-colostrum
The production of milk requires the hormone _____ and the "let down" of milk requires the
hormone ______. - ANSWER-prolactin; oxytocin
Of the natural methods of contraception, which one is most effective? - ANSWER-abstinence
the presence of uterine tissue outside the uterus is called - ANSWER-endometriosis.
Which of the following is an STD caused by a virus? - ANSWER-genital warts
What is caused by Papilloma viruses in humans? - ANSWER-genital warts
Which bacterial STD has three distinct stages? - ANSWER-syphills
What is bulbourethral glands? (cowper glands) - ANSWER-Internal accessory organs it
secrete a mucus-like fluid that lubricates the ends of the penis
Urea is made in the _____ and removed from the body via the ____________ - ANSWER-
liver; kidneys
When blood supply to the kidneys drops, the kidneys will release - ANSWER-Renin
1|Page
,When the oxygen content of the blood decreases, the kidneys will release - ANSWER-
erythropoietin
Aldosterone stimulates the kidneys to - ANSWER-reabsorption of sodium ions and water
Which of the following is not a region of the kidney?
A) medulla
B) cortex
C) lobule
D) pelvis - ANSWER-C
Where in the kidney are the glomeruli located? - ANSWER-cortex
Where does filtration based on blood pressure occur? - ANSWER-glomerulus
Glomerular filtration occurs between the _____ and the ______. - ANSWER-glomerulus and
the glomerular capsule
The process of returning water, nutrients, and salt to the blood from the filtrate in the tubules
is - ANSWER-tubular reabsorption.
Where does tubular reabsorption primarily occur? - ANSWER-proximal convoluted tubule
Identify the mechanisms of water intake. - ANSWER-Fluid ingested, food ingested and
metabolic processes
The reabsorption of water from the Loop of Henle depends on the movement of ______ out
of the tubule. - ANSWER-sodium chloride
Identify the mechanisms of water output. - ANSWER-Exhaled air, sweat, urine and feces
2|Page
,What molecule adds to the increased solute concentration in the lowest part of the renal
medulla? - ANSWER-urea
Where does tubular secretion primarily occur? - ANSWER-distal convoluted tubule
To increase the reabsorption of water, which parts of the kidney tubules are involved? -
ANSWER-Loop of Henle and collecting duct
The best indicator of blood osmolarity is the blood concentration of ______ ions. -
ANSWER-sodium
Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) will promote a(n) _______ in the excretion of sodium and
water; thus ______ blood volume and blood pressure. - ANSWER-Increase; decrease
The presence of ADH will cause - ANSWER-decreased urine production.
What controls the reabsorption of salt and water in the distal convoluted tubule? - ANSWER-
hormones
Which structure monitors blood volume and monitors the osmolarity of the blood? -
ANSWER-juxtaglomerular apparatus
Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus located? - ANSWER-Between the afferent arteriole
and the distal convoluted tubule.
The most important blood buffer is - ANSWER-bicarbonate and water.
Infection of the kidney is called _________ . - ANSWER-pyelonephritis
What is the function of human chorionic gonadotropic hormone? - ANSWER-maintains the
corpus luteum.
Infection of the urinary bladder is - ANSWER-cystitis.
3|Page
, Where is urea produced? - ANSWER-liver and stored in the kidneys
Identify components of pancreatic juice. - ANSWER-amylase, lipase, sodium bicarbonate
and trypsin
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
A) Detoxification of the blood.
B) Bile secretion.
C) Digestive enzyme production.
D) Storage of glucose as glycogen. - ANSWER-C) Digestive enzyme production.
What are the most abundant elements of the human body? - ANSWER-Carbon, Hydrogen,
Oxygen, Nitrogen
90% of the human body is composed of just four elements which are: - ANSWER-Carbon,
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of the
element is called: - ANSWER-Atom
Subatomic particles are: - ANSWER-Protons (positive), Neutrons (neutral) and Electrons
(negative)
All matter is composed of basic substances called - ANSWER-Elements
An atom that tells you how many protons an atom has is called: - ANSWER-Atomic Number
The number of protons and neutrons is called: - ANSWER-Mass Number
What is isotope? - ANSWER-The same element but different number in protons and
neutrons-Mass Number (protons plus neutrons) minus Atomic Number (number of protons)
equals the number of neutrons.
4|Page
