ATI CAPSTONE ADULT MEDICAL
SURGICAL ASSESSMENT 2 WITH NGN
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
1. A professional nurse is teaching a group of assistive personnel (AP) about caring for patients who
have Alzheimer'sdisease. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the
teaching?
Explain procedures in full detail to patient before initiating care
Limit a patient’s activities to minimize emotional outbursts
Speak clearly and loudly to a patient who is unable to form words or
sentencesProvide supervision to prevent a patient from becoming injured or
lost
A patient who has Alzheimer's disease can wander and become lost. The AP should initiate
interventionsto keep the patient safe, such as redirection, frequent monitoring, and reorientation. The
AP should encourage a patient who has Alzheimer's disease to participate in activities for as long as
possible because socializing with others can provide the patient with comfort = D
2. A professional nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient who will be placed in halo traction
following surgicalrepair of the cervical spine. Which of the following interventions should the nurse
include in the plan?
Inspect the pin site every 4 hour
Monitor the patient’s skin under the halo vest
Ensure two personnel hold the halo device when repositioning the patient
Apply powder frequently to the patient’s skin under the vest to decrease
itching
The nurse should monitor the patient’s skin that is under the halo vest for excessive sweating, redness,
orblistering which can lead to skin breakdown and infection. To ensure the vest is not causing
pressure, the nurse should be able to insert one finger between the jacket and the skin with ease = B
3. A professional nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient who has COPD about
nutrition. Which of thefollowing instructions should the nurse include?
Eat thouree large meals
daily Consume high-calorie
foods
Limit caffeinated drinks to two per day
Drink fluids during meal time
The nurse should instruct the patient to consume high-calorie, high-protein foods to provide energy and
prevent weight loss = B
1
,4. A professional nurse is caring for a patient who has anew diagnosis of tuberculosis. Which
of the followingprecautions should the nurse initiate to prevent transmission of the
disease?
Contact precautions
Airborne precautions
Droplet precautions
Protective environment
2
, Tuberculosis is spread thourough small droplets, measuring less than 5 microns, which can remain
airborne for extended periods. The nurse should place a patient who has TB under airborne
precautions to prevent the spread of microbes. For airborne precautions, the patient should be placed
in a private, negative pressure room with 6 – 12 air exchanges per hour with HEPA filtration. The nurse
should wearan N95 respirator while providing care to the patient. Nurse should also teach patient to
cough and expectorate sputum into tissues, which are disposed of in a waterproof sack = B
5. A professional nurse is preparing a patient for a colonoscopy. Which of the following medications
should the nurseanticipate the provider to prescribe as an anesthetic for the procedure?
Propofol
Pancuronium
Promethazine
Pentoxifylline
The nurse should identify that propofol is a short-acting anesthetic medication that can be used to
cause moderate sedation for procedures, such as a colonoscopy = A
6. A professional nurse is teaching a group of patients about the risk factors for osteoporosis. Which
of the followingshould the nurse include as a risk factor for osteoporosis?
Early menopause
History of falls
African American race
Obesity
A patient who goes into early menopause, form natural or surgical causes, is at a greater risk for
developing osteoporosis due to the rapid drop in estrogen levels. Decreased estrogen leads to an
increase in bone decay & decrease in the production of osteoclasts that produce new bone.
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disorder that results in low bone density. It occurs
when the rate of bone resorption exceeds the rate of bone formation, resulting in fragile bone tissue
and subsequent fractures = A
7. A professional nurse is caring for a patient who has a peripherally inserted central catheter
(PICC). For which ofthe following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
The dressing was changed 7 days ago
The circumference of the patient’s upper arm has increased by
10%The catheter has not been used in 8 hour
The catheter has been flushed with 10 mL of sterile saline after medication use
Circumference of the upper arm above the insertion site of the PICC should be measured at the time of
insertion & then again during assessments. An increase in the circumference could indicate deep vein
thourombosis, which could be life thoureatening. The nurse should contact the provider immediately
aboutthis finding = B
3
SURGICAL ASSESSMENT 2 WITH NGN
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
1. A professional nurse is teaching a group of assistive personnel (AP) about caring for patients who
have Alzheimer'sdisease. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the
teaching?
Explain procedures in full detail to patient before initiating care
Limit a patient’s activities to minimize emotional outbursts
Speak clearly and loudly to a patient who is unable to form words or
sentencesProvide supervision to prevent a patient from becoming injured or
lost
A patient who has Alzheimer's disease can wander and become lost. The AP should initiate
interventionsto keep the patient safe, such as redirection, frequent monitoring, and reorientation. The
AP should encourage a patient who has Alzheimer's disease to participate in activities for as long as
possible because socializing with others can provide the patient with comfort = D
2. A professional nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient who will be placed in halo traction
following surgicalrepair of the cervical spine. Which of the following interventions should the nurse
include in the plan?
Inspect the pin site every 4 hour
Monitor the patient’s skin under the halo vest
Ensure two personnel hold the halo device when repositioning the patient
Apply powder frequently to the patient’s skin under the vest to decrease
itching
The nurse should monitor the patient’s skin that is under the halo vest for excessive sweating, redness,
orblistering which can lead to skin breakdown and infection. To ensure the vest is not causing
pressure, the nurse should be able to insert one finger between the jacket and the skin with ease = B
3. A professional nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient who has COPD about
nutrition. Which of thefollowing instructions should the nurse include?
Eat thouree large meals
daily Consume high-calorie
foods
Limit caffeinated drinks to two per day
Drink fluids during meal time
The nurse should instruct the patient to consume high-calorie, high-protein foods to provide energy and
prevent weight loss = B
1
,4. A professional nurse is caring for a patient who has anew diagnosis of tuberculosis. Which
of the followingprecautions should the nurse initiate to prevent transmission of the
disease?
Contact precautions
Airborne precautions
Droplet precautions
Protective environment
2
, Tuberculosis is spread thourough small droplets, measuring less than 5 microns, which can remain
airborne for extended periods. The nurse should place a patient who has TB under airborne
precautions to prevent the spread of microbes. For airborne precautions, the patient should be placed
in a private, negative pressure room with 6 – 12 air exchanges per hour with HEPA filtration. The nurse
should wearan N95 respirator while providing care to the patient. Nurse should also teach patient to
cough and expectorate sputum into tissues, which are disposed of in a waterproof sack = B
5. A professional nurse is preparing a patient for a colonoscopy. Which of the following medications
should the nurseanticipate the provider to prescribe as an anesthetic for the procedure?
Propofol
Pancuronium
Promethazine
Pentoxifylline
The nurse should identify that propofol is a short-acting anesthetic medication that can be used to
cause moderate sedation for procedures, such as a colonoscopy = A
6. A professional nurse is teaching a group of patients about the risk factors for osteoporosis. Which
of the followingshould the nurse include as a risk factor for osteoporosis?
Early menopause
History of falls
African American race
Obesity
A patient who goes into early menopause, form natural or surgical causes, is at a greater risk for
developing osteoporosis due to the rapid drop in estrogen levels. Decreased estrogen leads to an
increase in bone decay & decrease in the production of osteoclasts that produce new bone.
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disorder that results in low bone density. It occurs
when the rate of bone resorption exceeds the rate of bone formation, resulting in fragile bone tissue
and subsequent fractures = A
7. A professional nurse is caring for a patient who has a peripherally inserted central catheter
(PICC). For which ofthe following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
The dressing was changed 7 days ago
The circumference of the patient’s upper arm has increased by
10%The catheter has not been used in 8 hour
The catheter has been flushed with 10 mL of sterile saline after medication use
Circumference of the upper arm above the insertion site of the PICC should be measured at the time of
insertion & then again during assessments. An increase in the circumference could indicate deep vein
thourombosis, which could be life thoureatening. The nurse should contact the provider immediately
aboutthis finding = B
3
