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Samenvatting biomoleculen

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hoofdstuk 2, biomoleculen : dit document werd als samenvatting gebruikt voor een deelexamen met een sterk voldoende als uitkomst.

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December 10, 2024
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Written in
2024/2025
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Hoofdstuk 2 :



Organische verbindingen :

1. Koolhydraten :


Polysachariden



Disachariden



Monosachariden

2. Vetten :

Triglyceriden



vetzuren glycerol

3. Eiwitten :


Peptiden



Aminozuren



Nucleïnezuren :



RNA DNA



nucleotide




Energierijke verbindingen :

ATP



Nucleotiden fosfaatgroepen

, 1. Koolhydraten (C,H,O)

➢ Monosachariden : glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose
➢ Disachariden :

• Lactose = glucose + galactose (lactase)
 Melksuiker
suikers
• Maltose = glucose + glucose (maltase)
 Moutsuiker

• Sucrose = glucose + fructose (sucrase)
 Kristalsuiker, rietsuiker, bietensuiker

• Cellobiose = glucose + glucose
 (β1,4) GEEN enzym

glycosidische binding



➢ Digosachariden (2 monosacchariden)
➢ Oligosachariden (>2 monosacchariden)

➢ Polysachariden :

• Zetmeel :
- Polymeer van glucose (α1,4 en α1,6)
- Amylose en amylopectine (amylase)
- Reservevoedsel van plant




• Glycogeen :
- Polymeer van glucose (α1,4 en α1,6)
(amylase)
- Reservevoedsel van dieren (lever, spier)



• Cellulose :
- Polymeer van glucose (β1,4)
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