Psychology - Exam 1 - Study Guide Questions Exam With Correct Verified Answers A+ Score.

psychology - correct answer the study of the mind, brain, and behavior 4 - correct answer there are ___ levels of analysis biological - correct answer the level of analysis dealing with cells, connections between cells, neurochemicals, hormones, the genome, and the epigenome individual - correct answer the level of analysis dealing with thoughts, feelings, beliefs, ideas, desires, and personality social - correct answer the leve l of analysis that deals with relationships between people, influence groups of people, and culture environment - correct answer the level of analysis dealing with nature, buildings without windows, lighting, noises, weather, and seasons 43% - correct answer ____ (percentage) of subjects in the moffitt & caspi study who had the "short" serotonin transporter gene and who had experienced 4+ stressfull events were clinically depressed 17% - correct answer ____ (percentage) of the subjects in the moffitt & caspi study who had the "long" serotonin transporter gene and had experienced 4+ stressful events were clinically depressed 17% - correct answer the average rate of depression 17% - correct answer ___ (percentage) of people in the moffitt & caspi study with the "short" serotonin transporter gene and no stressful experiences operational definition - correct answer specifying what you will measure descriptive - correct answer aka naturalistic observation: see patterns in real world through simple observation as they are. there isn't any researcher influence on the participant's behavior - correct answer strengths of descriptive studies you can't determine causality - correct answer weaknesses of descriptive studies correlational - correct answer studies where relationships between two or more variables are measured but not manipulated can study variables that can't or don't need to be manipulated - correct answer strengths of correlational studies you can't determine causality - correct answer weaknesses of correlational studies experimental - correct answer studies that involve the random assignment of both experimental and control groups ability to determine causality - correct answer strengths of experimental studies you can't always manipulate a variable (ethically, realistically, etc.) - correct answer weaknesses of experimental studies confound - correct answer a third, unaccounted for variable that could also explain the link between two other studied variables correlation - correct answer an apparent link between two variables being studied; not cause and effect necessarily +1 - correct answer the numerical value for a strong/positive correlation -1 - correct answer the numerical value for a strong/negative correlation 0 - correct answer the numerical value for no correlation independent variable - correct answer the variable that is intentionally changed while another variable is measured. This is the treatment or the condition dependent variable - correct answer the variable that is measured while another variable is changed. This is the outcome drug x - correct answer "Drug x impairs short-term memory in a word-recall task." Which is the independent variable? short-term memory - correct answer "Drug x impairs short-term memory in a word-recall task." Which is the dependent variable? visualization - correct answer "athletic performance is improved by visualization." Which is the independent variable? athletic performance - correct answer "athletic performance is improved by visualization." Which is the dependent variable? reliability - correct answer if we can replicate the results of a study, it has ______ validity - correct answer if we are measuring what we set out to measure, the study has _____ response bias - correct answer the tendency of participants to respond in a particular way, generally aiming to please sampling bias - correct answer what happens when participants aren't chosen at random cohort effects - correct answer a bias that comes as a result of different generations and their respective experiences experimenter expectancy effect - correct answer a term that's used for a researcher unknowingly cueing the participant in a study to respond a certain way double blind design - correct answer the "cure" for the experimenter expectancy effect; researches don't know which participant is control and which is experimental true - correct answer socioeconomic status and education level are examples of biases, too neuron - correct answer a cell in the nervous system specialized to receive, process, and/or transmit information to other cells dendrite - correct answer the part of the neuron that receives incoming messages resting potential - correct answer the stage of neuron firing that involves a negative charge inside the neuron, relative to the outside stimulation - correct answer ___________ causes neurons to move away from their resting potential action potential - correct answer when neurons move away from their resting potential, they move into their ______ positive - correct answer during the action potential, particles with a ______ charge enter the neuron depolarized - correct answer during action potential, after the new particles enter the neuron, the neuron becomes __________ some positively charged particles leave - correct answer how does a neuron return to its resting potential? 3 - correct answer how many different classes of neurons are there? sensory - correct answer a class of neurons that receives information from the world and sends it to the brain via the spinal cord afferent - correct answer another name for the sensory neuron motor - correct answer the class of neurons that carries signals from the spinal cord to the muscles and glands efferent - correct answer another name for the motor neuron interneurons - correct answer the class of neurons that connect all three types of neurons, and account for most of the neurons in the brain acetylcholine - correct answer the neurotransmitter that enables muscle contraction and memory alzheimer's - correct answer the result of a malfunction in acetylcholine in the body