Clinical Microbiology Exam Questions and Correct Solutions (Rated A+) Already Passed

Clinical Microbiology Exam Questions and Correct Solutions (Rated A+) Already Passed

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Define the term Microbiology - Answers The study of microorganisms and their relationships to the
environment, humans and animals in disease

Name the 5 classifications of microorganisms - Answers Bacteria, Virus, Mycobacterium, Fungi, Parasites

Blood agar is the most commonly used media in the clinical laboratory. What type of media is blood
agar? - Answers Enriched media, Differential media (detection of Beta-hemolytic organisms)

List some agars that are generally used in stool cultures and what type they are - Answers BAP -
Enriched, Differential

MAC - Selective, Differential

Campy - Enriched, Selective

Hektoen Enteric (HE) - Selective, Differential

Mac Sorbitol - Enriched, Selective

What media is used for Funal cultures? - Answers Sabouraud's (Sabs)

Inhibitory Mold (IMA)

,Brain Heart Infusion (BHI)

What media is generally used for the cultivation of acid fast bacilli? - Answers 7H11

7H11 Selective

Explain the difference between Prokaryote and Eukaryote - Answers Prokaryotes are bacteria that has
free floating RNA and DNA floating within the cell whereas Eukaryotes have a true nucleus surrounded
by a nuclear membrane

What are the 3 basic shapes of bacterium - Answers Cocci, Bacilli and Spirilla

List the growth factor/conditions in order to grow bacteria in the lab - Answers Atmosphere: Aerobic,
Anaerobic, Facultative Anaerobic conditions



Temperature: Psychrophiles, Mesophiles, Thermophiles



pH: Acidic vs Alkalinity environment



Osmotic Pressure: Isotonic conditions

What are the 4 stages of the Microbial Growth Curve - Answers Lag Phase: Introduction of bacteria into
the environment



Log (Exponential) Phase: Grow and multiply i.e.] 2,4,8,16,32,64,128 . . .



Stationary Phase: When the nutrients are depleting and toxic by-products accumulate



Decline (Death) Phase: Nutrients are totally depleted

What is the difference between Normal and Transient Flora? - Answers Normal flora are microorganisms
that are permanent residents in certain parts of the body. Transient flora are organisms that we
encounter everyday but do not attach permanently

What normal flora is found on the skin? - Answers Staph epidermidis

Staph aureus

, Propionibacterium acnes (anaerobic)

Corynebacterium

List some of the enterobacteriaceae organisms - Answers Salmonella

Shigella

Proteus

E. coli

Klebsiella

Enterobacter

Yersinia

Serratia

List some normal flora organisms located in the mouth - Answers Staph epi

Staph aureus

Strept mitis

Stept salivarius

Strept pneumo

Neisseria species - N meningitidis

Lactobacillus species

Spirochetes

What is the main difference between Gram + and Gram = organisms? - Answers Purple vs Red . . .



Gram + bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan that Crystal Violet stain penetrates. A gram =
bacterium has an outer membrane covering a thin layer of peptidoglycan, Safranin or Carbol fuchsin
penetrates

Describe how to ID: Staph aureus - Answers Gram + cocci (clusters):

Catalase +

Coag +