NP1 EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
• The ethics of care suggests that ethical dilemmas can best be solved by attention to
relationships. How does this differ from other ethical practices?(Select all that apply.)
a. Ethics of care pays attention to the environment in which caring occurs.
b. Ethics of care pays attention to the stories of the people involved in theethical issue.
c. Ethics of care is used only in nursing practice.
d. Ethics of care focuses only on the code of ethics for nurses
e. Ethics of care focuses only on understanding relationships.: A, B, E
• In most ethical dilemmas in health care, the solution to the dilemma requires negotiation
among members of the health care team. Why is thenurse's point of view valuable?
a. nurses understand the principle of autonomy to guide respect for a patient'sself-worth
b. nurses have a scope of practice that encourages their presence during
ethical discussions
c. nurses develop a relationship with the patient that is unique among allprofessional
healthcare providers
d. the nurse's code of ethics recommends that a nurse be present at anyethical discussion
about patient care: C
• Ethical dilemmas often arise over a conflict of opinion. Reliance on a predictable series
of steps can help people in conflict find common ground.All of the following actions in order
to promote the resolution of an ethical dilemma?
a. list the actions that could be taken to resolve the dilemma
b. agree on a statement of the problem or dilemma that you are trying toresolve
c. agree on a plan to evaluate the action over time
d. gather all relevant information regarding the clinical, social, and spiritualaspects of the
dilemma
e. take time to clarify values and distinguish between facts and opinions-yourown and those of
others involved
d. negotiate a plan: D, E, B, A, F, C
• The ANA code of nursing ethics articulates that the nurse "promotes, advocates for, and
strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of the patients." This includes the protection of
patient privacy. ON the basis of thisprinciple, if you participate in a public online social network
such as Facebook,could you post images of a patient's x-ray film if you obscured or deleted all
patient identifiers?
a. yes, because patient privacy would not be violated since patient identifierswere removed
,b. yes, because respect for autonomy implies that you have the autonomy todecide what
constitutes privacy
c. no, because, even though patient identifiers are removed, someone could identify the
patient on the basis of other comments that you make online abouthis or her condition and your
place of work
d. no, because the principle of justice requires you to allocate resourcesfairly: C
• What are the correct steps to resolve an ethical dilemma on a clinical unit?Place the steps in
correct order.
a. clarify values
b. ask the question, is this an ethical dilemma
c. verbalize the problem
d. gather information
e. identify course of action
f. evaluate the plan
g. negotiate a plan: B, D, A, C, E, G, F
• Resolution of an ethical dilemma involves discussion with the patient, the patient's family,
and participants from all health care disciplines. Which of the following describes the role of the
nurse in the resolution of ethical dilemmas?
A. To articulate his or her unique point of view, including knowledge based onclinical and
psychosocial observations
B. To await new clinical orders from the physician
C. To limit discussions about ethical principals
D. To allow the patient and the physician to resolve the dilemma without regardto personally
held values or opinions regarding the ethical issues: A
• It can be difficult to agree on a common definition of the word quality whenit comes to
quality of life. Why? (Select all that apply)
a. average income varies in different regions of the country
b. community values influence definitions of quality, and they are subject tochange over time
c. individual experiences influence perceptions of quality in different ways,making consensus
difficult
d. the value of elements such as cognitive skills, ability to perform meaningfulwork, and
relationship to family is difficult to quantify using objective mea- sures
e. statistical analysis is difficult to apply when the outcome cannot be quanti-fied
f. whether or not a person has a job is an objective measure, but it does notplay a tole in
understanding quality of life: B, C, D, E
,• Which of the following properly applies an ethical principle to justifyaccess to health
care? (Select all that apply)
a. access to health care reflects the commitment of society to principles ofbeneficence and
justice
b. if low income compromises access to care, respect for autonomy is com-promised
c. access to health care is a privilege in the US, not a right
d. poor access to affordable health care causes harm that is ethically troublingbecause
nonmaleficence is a basic principle of health care ethics
e. providers are exempt from fidelity to people with drug addiction becauseaddiction reflects
a lack of personal accountability
f. if a new drug is discovered that cures a disease but a great cost per patient,the principle of
justice suggests that the drug should be made available to those who can afford it: A, B, D
• Match the examples with the professional nursing code of ethics:
1. You see an open medical record on the computer and close it so no one elsecan read the
record without proper access.
2.You administer a once a day cardiac medication at the wrong time, but nobody sees it.
However, you contact the primary care provider and your headnurse and follow agency
procedure.
3. A patient at the end of life wants to go home to die, but the family wants every care
possible. The nurse contacts the primary care provider about thepatients request.
4.You tell your patient that you will return in 30 minutes to give him his nextpain medication.
a. advocacy
b. responsibility
c. accountability
d. confidentiality: 1D, 2C, 3A, 4B
• A nurse is caring for a patient who recently had coronary bypass surgery and now is on the
postoperative unit. Which are legal sources of standards of care that the nurse uses to deliver
safe health care? (Select all that apply)
a. information provided by the head nurse
b. policies and procedures of the employing hospital
c. state nurse practice act
d. regulations identified in The Joint Commission manual
e. The Amerian Nurses Association standards of nursing practice: B, C, D, E
• A nurse is sued for negligence due to failure to monitor a patient appropri-ately after a
procedure. Which of the following statements are correct about this lawsuit? (Select all that
, apply)
a. the nurse does not need any representation
b. the patient must prove injury, damage, or loss occurred
c. the person filing the lawsuit has to show a compensable damage, such aslost wages,
occurred
d. the patient must prove that a breach in the prevailing standard of carecaused an injury
e. the burden of proof is always the responsibility of the nurse: B, C, D
• A nurse stops to help in an emergency at the scene of an accident. The injured party files a
suit and the nurse's employing institution insurance doesnot cover the nurse. What would
probably cover the nurse in this situation?
a. The nurse's auto insurance
b. The nurse's homeowner's insurance
c. The Good Samaritan laws, which grant immunity from suit if there is nogross negligence.
d. The Patient Care Partnership, which may grant immunity from suit if theinjured party
contends.: C
• A nurse is planning care for a patient going into surgery. Who is responsible for informing
the patient about the surgery along with possible risks, complications, and benefits?
a. family member
b. surgeon
c. nurse
d. nurse manager: B
• A woman has sever-life threatening injuries and is hemorrhaging followinga car accident.
The health care provider ordered 2 units of packed red blood cells to treat the woman's anemia.
The woman's husband refuses to allow thenurse to give his wife the blood for religious
reasons. What is the nurse's responsibility?
a. obtain a court order to give the blood
b. coerce the husband into giving the blood
c. call security and have the husband removed from the hospital
d. more information is needed about the wife's preference and if the husbandhas her medical
power of attorney: D
• A nurse note that an advance directive is on a patient's medical record.Which statement
represents the best description of an advance directive guideline that the nurse will follow?
a. a living will allows an appointed person to make health care decisions when
• The ethics of care suggests that ethical dilemmas can best be solved by attention to
relationships. How does this differ from other ethical practices?(Select all that apply.)
a. Ethics of care pays attention to the environment in which caring occurs.
b. Ethics of care pays attention to the stories of the people involved in theethical issue.
c. Ethics of care is used only in nursing practice.
d. Ethics of care focuses only on the code of ethics for nurses
e. Ethics of care focuses only on understanding relationships.: A, B, E
• In most ethical dilemmas in health care, the solution to the dilemma requires negotiation
among members of the health care team. Why is thenurse's point of view valuable?
a. nurses understand the principle of autonomy to guide respect for a patient'sself-worth
b. nurses have a scope of practice that encourages their presence during
ethical discussions
c. nurses develop a relationship with the patient that is unique among allprofessional
healthcare providers
d. the nurse's code of ethics recommends that a nurse be present at anyethical discussion
about patient care: C
• Ethical dilemmas often arise over a conflict of opinion. Reliance on a predictable series
of steps can help people in conflict find common ground.All of the following actions in order
to promote the resolution of an ethical dilemma?
a. list the actions that could be taken to resolve the dilemma
b. agree on a statement of the problem or dilemma that you are trying toresolve
c. agree on a plan to evaluate the action over time
d. gather all relevant information regarding the clinical, social, and spiritualaspects of the
dilemma
e. take time to clarify values and distinguish between facts and opinions-yourown and those of
others involved
d. negotiate a plan: D, E, B, A, F, C
• The ANA code of nursing ethics articulates that the nurse "promotes, advocates for, and
strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of the patients." This includes the protection of
patient privacy. ON the basis of thisprinciple, if you participate in a public online social network
such as Facebook,could you post images of a patient's x-ray film if you obscured or deleted all
patient identifiers?
a. yes, because patient privacy would not be violated since patient identifierswere removed
,b. yes, because respect for autonomy implies that you have the autonomy todecide what
constitutes privacy
c. no, because, even though patient identifiers are removed, someone could identify the
patient on the basis of other comments that you make online abouthis or her condition and your
place of work
d. no, because the principle of justice requires you to allocate resourcesfairly: C
• What are the correct steps to resolve an ethical dilemma on a clinical unit?Place the steps in
correct order.
a. clarify values
b. ask the question, is this an ethical dilemma
c. verbalize the problem
d. gather information
e. identify course of action
f. evaluate the plan
g. negotiate a plan: B, D, A, C, E, G, F
• Resolution of an ethical dilemma involves discussion with the patient, the patient's family,
and participants from all health care disciplines. Which of the following describes the role of the
nurse in the resolution of ethical dilemmas?
A. To articulate his or her unique point of view, including knowledge based onclinical and
psychosocial observations
B. To await new clinical orders from the physician
C. To limit discussions about ethical principals
D. To allow the patient and the physician to resolve the dilemma without regardto personally
held values or opinions regarding the ethical issues: A
• It can be difficult to agree on a common definition of the word quality whenit comes to
quality of life. Why? (Select all that apply)
a. average income varies in different regions of the country
b. community values influence definitions of quality, and they are subject tochange over time
c. individual experiences influence perceptions of quality in different ways,making consensus
difficult
d. the value of elements such as cognitive skills, ability to perform meaningfulwork, and
relationship to family is difficult to quantify using objective mea- sures
e. statistical analysis is difficult to apply when the outcome cannot be quanti-fied
f. whether or not a person has a job is an objective measure, but it does notplay a tole in
understanding quality of life: B, C, D, E
,• Which of the following properly applies an ethical principle to justifyaccess to health
care? (Select all that apply)
a. access to health care reflects the commitment of society to principles ofbeneficence and
justice
b. if low income compromises access to care, respect for autonomy is com-promised
c. access to health care is a privilege in the US, not a right
d. poor access to affordable health care causes harm that is ethically troublingbecause
nonmaleficence is a basic principle of health care ethics
e. providers are exempt from fidelity to people with drug addiction becauseaddiction reflects
a lack of personal accountability
f. if a new drug is discovered that cures a disease but a great cost per patient,the principle of
justice suggests that the drug should be made available to those who can afford it: A, B, D
• Match the examples with the professional nursing code of ethics:
1. You see an open medical record on the computer and close it so no one elsecan read the
record without proper access.
2.You administer a once a day cardiac medication at the wrong time, but nobody sees it.
However, you contact the primary care provider and your headnurse and follow agency
procedure.
3. A patient at the end of life wants to go home to die, but the family wants every care
possible. The nurse contacts the primary care provider about thepatients request.
4.You tell your patient that you will return in 30 minutes to give him his nextpain medication.
a. advocacy
b. responsibility
c. accountability
d. confidentiality: 1D, 2C, 3A, 4B
• A nurse is caring for a patient who recently had coronary bypass surgery and now is on the
postoperative unit. Which are legal sources of standards of care that the nurse uses to deliver
safe health care? (Select all that apply)
a. information provided by the head nurse
b. policies and procedures of the employing hospital
c. state nurse practice act
d. regulations identified in The Joint Commission manual
e. The Amerian Nurses Association standards of nursing practice: B, C, D, E
• A nurse is sued for negligence due to failure to monitor a patient appropri-ately after a
procedure. Which of the following statements are correct about this lawsuit? (Select all that
, apply)
a. the nurse does not need any representation
b. the patient must prove injury, damage, or loss occurred
c. the person filing the lawsuit has to show a compensable damage, such aslost wages,
occurred
d. the patient must prove that a breach in the prevailing standard of carecaused an injury
e. the burden of proof is always the responsibility of the nurse: B, C, D
• A nurse stops to help in an emergency at the scene of an accident. The injured party files a
suit and the nurse's employing institution insurance doesnot cover the nurse. What would
probably cover the nurse in this situation?
a. The nurse's auto insurance
b. The nurse's homeowner's insurance
c. The Good Samaritan laws, which grant immunity from suit if there is nogross negligence.
d. The Patient Care Partnership, which may grant immunity from suit if theinjured party
contends.: C
• A nurse is planning care for a patient going into surgery. Who is responsible for informing
the patient about the surgery along with possible risks, complications, and benefits?
a. family member
b. surgeon
c. nurse
d. nurse manager: B
• A woman has sever-life threatening injuries and is hemorrhaging followinga car accident.
The health care provider ordered 2 units of packed red blood cells to treat the woman's anemia.
The woman's husband refuses to allow thenurse to give his wife the blood for religious
reasons. What is the nurse's responsibility?
a. obtain a court order to give the blood
b. coerce the husband into giving the blood
c. call security and have the husband removed from the hospital
d. more information is needed about the wife's preference and if the husbandhas her medical
power of attorney: D
• A nurse note that an advance directive is on a patient's medical record.Which statement
represents the best description of an advance directive guideline that the nurse will follow?
a. a living will allows an appointed person to make health care decisions when
