NURS 1200 Fluid & Electrolytes, Electrolyte balance
questions with correct answers
Major extracellular electrolytes Correct Answer.-Sodium, Chloride,
Calcium, and Bicarbonate.
Major intracellular electrolytes Correct Answer.-potassium, phosphate,
magnesium, proteins
% of water in body Correct Answer.-declines with age
differs with gender
woman have lower total % Correct Answer.-body fluid than men
% water in newborn Correct Answer.-75%
elder have lower total % Correct Answer.-body fluid than younger adults
A client with renal disease requires IV fluids. It is important for the
nurse to Correct Answer.-place the fluid on an electronic devise
renal regulation Correct Answer.-Nephron receptors sensedecreased
pressure (low osmolarity) andkidney secretes RENIN.Renin -
Angiotensin I - Angiotensin II
,What is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for an 80 yr old with the
diagnosis of congestive heart failure with symptoms of edema,
orthopnea & confusion? Correct Answer.-Extracellular volume excess
related to heart failure as evidence by edema and & orthopnea
A decrease in arterial blood will result in the release of Correct Answer.-
renin
Hypokalemia patient lab result show a serum potassium of 3.2 mEq/L.
For what should you be alert? Correct Answer.-muscle weakness, fatigue,
& dysrhythmias (3.5 - 5)
Angiotensin II causes Correct Answer.-Na and H20 retentionby kidneys
AND Stimulates Adrenal Cortex to secreteAldosterone which causes
kidneys to excreteK and retain Na and H20
body fluids Correct Answer.-in constant motion
transporting nutrients, electrolytes,
and oxygen to cells while carrying
away waste products
fluid imbalances are caused by Correct Answer.-- Disease- Prolong
vomiting/diarrhea- Treatments (e.g. cancer) affect theconstant stability
A patient's most recent blood work indicates a K+ level of 7.2 mEq/L, a
finding that constitutes hyperkalemia. What signs and symptoms should
,the nurse vigilantly monitor for? Correct Answer.-Cardiac irregularities,
hyperkalemia - too much potassium in blood
osmosis Correct Answer.-Area of low solute concentration to area of high
soluteconcentration- Cell surrounded by hypertonic solution shrinks
Diffusion Correct Answer.-Solutes move from area of higher
concentration to oneof lower concentration- O2 from Lungs into
vascular
filtration Correct Answer.-Movement of water, solutes occurs from area of
highhydrostatic pressure to area of low hydrostaticpressure- The
glomerulus is the site of filtration
active transport Correct Answer.-Physiologic pump that moves fluid from
area of lowerconcentration to one of higher concentration- Uptake of
glucose from intestine into vascular
fluid deficit or hypovalemia may occur as a result of Correct Answer.-
reduced fluid intake
loss of body fluids
sequestration of body fluids
A nurse is caring for a client with phlebitis. The nurse notices that the
client's forearm, which has the tubing, has become red and slightly
warm. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform to avoid
, further complications and provide relief to the client? Correct Answer.-
discontinue IV
Endurance athletes who exercise for long periods of time and consume
only water may experience a sodium deficit in their extracellular fluid.
What is this electrolyte imbalance known as? Correct Answer.-
Hyponatremia - low concentration of sodium in the blood
Decreased fluid volume leads to Correct Answer.-increased ADH
secretion
increased Water resorption
Decreased urine output
increased urine specific gravity
Fluid volume depletion labs Correct Answer.-increased Hgb
increased HCT
Increased BUN and creatine
increased Serum & Urine Osmolarity
increased Specific Gravity
decreased serum Na
A client has a physician's order for NPO following abdominal surgery.
The client has a nasogastric tube inserted to low intermittent suction.
The client requires intravenous therapy to Correct Answer.-replace fluid
and electrolytes
questions with correct answers
Major extracellular electrolytes Correct Answer.-Sodium, Chloride,
Calcium, and Bicarbonate.
Major intracellular electrolytes Correct Answer.-potassium, phosphate,
magnesium, proteins
% of water in body Correct Answer.-declines with age
differs with gender
woman have lower total % Correct Answer.-body fluid than men
% water in newborn Correct Answer.-75%
elder have lower total % Correct Answer.-body fluid than younger adults
A client with renal disease requires IV fluids. It is important for the
nurse to Correct Answer.-place the fluid on an electronic devise
renal regulation Correct Answer.-Nephron receptors sensedecreased
pressure (low osmolarity) andkidney secretes RENIN.Renin -
Angiotensin I - Angiotensin II
,What is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for an 80 yr old with the
diagnosis of congestive heart failure with symptoms of edema,
orthopnea & confusion? Correct Answer.-Extracellular volume excess
related to heart failure as evidence by edema and & orthopnea
A decrease in arterial blood will result in the release of Correct Answer.-
renin
Hypokalemia patient lab result show a serum potassium of 3.2 mEq/L.
For what should you be alert? Correct Answer.-muscle weakness, fatigue,
& dysrhythmias (3.5 - 5)
Angiotensin II causes Correct Answer.-Na and H20 retentionby kidneys
AND Stimulates Adrenal Cortex to secreteAldosterone which causes
kidneys to excreteK and retain Na and H20
body fluids Correct Answer.-in constant motion
transporting nutrients, electrolytes,
and oxygen to cells while carrying
away waste products
fluid imbalances are caused by Correct Answer.-- Disease- Prolong
vomiting/diarrhea- Treatments (e.g. cancer) affect theconstant stability
A patient's most recent blood work indicates a K+ level of 7.2 mEq/L, a
finding that constitutes hyperkalemia. What signs and symptoms should
,the nurse vigilantly monitor for? Correct Answer.-Cardiac irregularities,
hyperkalemia - too much potassium in blood
osmosis Correct Answer.-Area of low solute concentration to area of high
soluteconcentration- Cell surrounded by hypertonic solution shrinks
Diffusion Correct Answer.-Solutes move from area of higher
concentration to oneof lower concentration- O2 from Lungs into
vascular
filtration Correct Answer.-Movement of water, solutes occurs from area of
highhydrostatic pressure to area of low hydrostaticpressure- The
glomerulus is the site of filtration
active transport Correct Answer.-Physiologic pump that moves fluid from
area of lowerconcentration to one of higher concentration- Uptake of
glucose from intestine into vascular
fluid deficit or hypovalemia may occur as a result of Correct Answer.-
reduced fluid intake
loss of body fluids
sequestration of body fluids
A nurse is caring for a client with phlebitis. The nurse notices that the
client's forearm, which has the tubing, has become red and slightly
warm. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform to avoid
, further complications and provide relief to the client? Correct Answer.-
discontinue IV
Endurance athletes who exercise for long periods of time and consume
only water may experience a sodium deficit in their extracellular fluid.
What is this electrolyte imbalance known as? Correct Answer.-
Hyponatremia - low concentration of sodium in the blood
Decreased fluid volume leads to Correct Answer.-increased ADH
secretion
increased Water resorption
Decreased urine output
increased urine specific gravity
Fluid volume depletion labs Correct Answer.-increased Hgb
increased HCT
Increased BUN and creatine
increased Serum & Urine Osmolarity
increased Specific Gravity
decreased serum Na
A client has a physician's order for NPO following abdominal surgery.
The client has a nasogastric tube inserted to low intermittent suction.
The client requires intravenous therapy to Correct Answer.-replace fluid
and electrolytes
