Page 1 of 15
BIO 340: Genetics Exam III (Mangone) 118
Q&A/ Already Graded A+.
What is a gene? - Answer: Fundamental unit of inheritance
Origin of the word "gene" - Answer: greek: genos (origin), and genesis (birth)
Gregor Mendel Experiment - Answer: -pea plants
-traits do not blend in offspring
-traits are discreet, distinct entities
Thomas Hunt Morgan Experiment - Answer: -genes are arranged linearly
-crossing over is proportional to gene distance
Frederick Griffith's Transformation Experiment - Answer: -heat-killed virulent strain transformed
avirulent strain into virulent
-supported bacterial transformation of form and function
, Page 2 of 15
-coined phenomenon "transformation"
-*a chemical component of cells could introduce new, heritable trait to cell*
Beadle & Tatum - Answer: -mutations = defects
-1 gene = 1 enzyme (polypeptide)
Aver, McLeod, & McCarty - Answer: -*DNA is transforming factor*
-used test tubes to rule out other factors (protein, etc)
-taking out DNA did not change new cells, so DNA was the transferring factor
Hershey-Chase Experiment - Answer: -bacteriophages transform cells by inserting DNA
-signaled DNA with radioactive phosphorus in one test and proteins (sulfur) in another, the cells
with radioactive properties would reveal the transferring mechanism
-*DNA is genetic material*
Erwin Chargaff - Answer: -A is proportional to T
-C is proportional to G
-A+T does not equal G+C
What are nucleotides and what are they made of? - Answer: -building blocks of DNA
-made of 1 pentose sugar, 1 nitrogenous base, 1 phosphate group
-phosphodisyer bond
Purines - Answer: -Adenine and Guanine
-form 2 hydrogen bonds
Pyrimidines - Answer: -Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil (RNA)
-form 3 hydrogen bonds
BIO 340: Genetics Exam III (Mangone) 118
Q&A/ Already Graded A+.
What is a gene? - Answer: Fundamental unit of inheritance
Origin of the word "gene" - Answer: greek: genos (origin), and genesis (birth)
Gregor Mendel Experiment - Answer: -pea plants
-traits do not blend in offspring
-traits are discreet, distinct entities
Thomas Hunt Morgan Experiment - Answer: -genes are arranged linearly
-crossing over is proportional to gene distance
Frederick Griffith's Transformation Experiment - Answer: -heat-killed virulent strain transformed
avirulent strain into virulent
-supported bacterial transformation of form and function
, Page 2 of 15
-coined phenomenon "transformation"
-*a chemical component of cells could introduce new, heritable trait to cell*
Beadle & Tatum - Answer: -mutations = defects
-1 gene = 1 enzyme (polypeptide)
Aver, McLeod, & McCarty - Answer: -*DNA is transforming factor*
-used test tubes to rule out other factors (protein, etc)
-taking out DNA did not change new cells, so DNA was the transferring factor
Hershey-Chase Experiment - Answer: -bacteriophages transform cells by inserting DNA
-signaled DNA with radioactive phosphorus in one test and proteins (sulfur) in another, the cells
with radioactive properties would reveal the transferring mechanism
-*DNA is genetic material*
Erwin Chargaff - Answer: -A is proportional to T
-C is proportional to G
-A+T does not equal G+C
What are nucleotides and what are they made of? - Answer: -building blocks of DNA
-made of 1 pentose sugar, 1 nitrogenous base, 1 phosphate group
-phosphodisyer bond
Purines - Answer: -Adenine and Guanine
-form 2 hydrogen bonds
Pyrimidines - Answer: -Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil (RNA)
-form 3 hydrogen bonds
