ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY CHAPTER 1 TEST
anatomy
body structures and relationships
physiology
the science of body functions
anatomy vs physiology?
Anatomy = structure, physiology = function. structure determines what function takes
place; so if structure change, function changes
dissection
the careful cutting apart of body structures to study their relationships
developmental biology
the complete development of an
individual from fertilization to death
cell biology
the study of cellular structures and functions
gross anatomy
the study of tissues that can be studied without a microscope
systemic anatomy
study of the specific systems of the body ( i.e. nervous, respiratory systems)
regional anatomy
study of the specific regions of the body such as the head or chest
surface anatomy
study of surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy through
visualization and palpation
Six levels of the body's structural organization?
1. chemical level
2. cellular level
3. tissue level
4. organ level
5. system level
6. organism level
chemical level
most basic structural level
atoms and molecules
cellular level
cells are made up of molecules
tissue level
similar types of cells with a common function.
organ level
organs are made up of 2+ different types of tissues that performs a specific function for
the body
system level
group of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose (i.e. heart and
blood cells of cardiovascular system for blood circulation)
, organism level
sum total of all structural levels working together to keep a living organism alive
Population
A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area
Ecosystem
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Biosphere
Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land,
water, and the atmosphere.
atom
the smallest unit of matter
molecule
a combination of two or more atoms that share electrons
List the 11 body systems
integumentary system
skeletal system
muscular system
nervous system
endocrine system
cardiovascular system
lymphatic system and immunity
digestive system
urinary system
reproductive systems
Organs apart of the
integumentary system?
external covering: Skin, oil, sweat glands, hair nails
Six functions of the integumentary system
Waterproofs/protects body
Cushing feel tissues form injury
regulates temperature (i.e. sweat)
excretes salts and urea (i.e. perspiration)
Synthesize vitamin D
Receptors: temp, pain, pressure (located on skin)
Organs apart of the skeletal system?
bones, ligaments, joints, cartilages
List the five functions of the skeletal system
supports the body
Provides a framework for skeletal muscles -> body motion
protects the body (i.e. skull vs brain)
produces blood cells (i.e. HEMATOPOIESIS , cavities of skeleton)
stores minerals, calcium Ca++ & K (i.e. in hard substances of bones)
HEMATOPOIESIS
Blood cell formation
what organs are part of the muscular system?
anatomy
body structures and relationships
physiology
the science of body functions
anatomy vs physiology?
Anatomy = structure, physiology = function. structure determines what function takes
place; so if structure change, function changes
dissection
the careful cutting apart of body structures to study their relationships
developmental biology
the complete development of an
individual from fertilization to death
cell biology
the study of cellular structures and functions
gross anatomy
the study of tissues that can be studied without a microscope
systemic anatomy
study of the specific systems of the body ( i.e. nervous, respiratory systems)
regional anatomy
study of the specific regions of the body such as the head or chest
surface anatomy
study of surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy through
visualization and palpation
Six levels of the body's structural organization?
1. chemical level
2. cellular level
3. tissue level
4. organ level
5. system level
6. organism level
chemical level
most basic structural level
atoms and molecules
cellular level
cells are made up of molecules
tissue level
similar types of cells with a common function.
organ level
organs are made up of 2+ different types of tissues that performs a specific function for
the body
system level
group of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose (i.e. heart and
blood cells of cardiovascular system for blood circulation)
, organism level
sum total of all structural levels working together to keep a living organism alive
Population
A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area
Ecosystem
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Biosphere
Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land,
water, and the atmosphere.
atom
the smallest unit of matter
molecule
a combination of two or more atoms that share electrons
List the 11 body systems
integumentary system
skeletal system
muscular system
nervous system
endocrine system
cardiovascular system
lymphatic system and immunity
digestive system
urinary system
reproductive systems
Organs apart of the
integumentary system?
external covering: Skin, oil, sweat glands, hair nails
Six functions of the integumentary system
Waterproofs/protects body
Cushing feel tissues form injury
regulates temperature (i.e. sweat)
excretes salts and urea (i.e. perspiration)
Synthesize vitamin D
Receptors: temp, pain, pressure (located on skin)
Organs apart of the skeletal system?
bones, ligaments, joints, cartilages
List the five functions of the skeletal system
supports the body
Provides a framework for skeletal muscles -> body motion
protects the body (i.e. skull vs brain)
produces blood cells (i.e. HEMATOPOIESIS , cavities of skeleton)
stores minerals, calcium Ca++ & K (i.e. in hard substances of bones)
HEMATOPOIESIS
Blood cell formation
what organs are part of the muscular system?
