MCB3020 Exam 1 Ashgari UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Louis Pasteur - CORRECT ANSWER - disproved the theory of spontaneous generation
-swan-neck flask experiments- showed that microbes came from the environment and did not
spontaneously arise = germ theory of disease
-yeast fermentation to make alcohol
-pasteurization
Antony van Leeuwenhoek - CORRECT ANSWER - invented the first microscope and was
the first to actually visualise microbes
Edward jenner - CORRECT ANSWER - was an English physician who'd developed the
first vaccine (smallpox)
Ignaz Semmelweis - CORRECT ANSWER - dutch physician who advocated hand-
washing
John show - CORRECT ANSWER - began science of epidemiology (investigation of how
diseases spread) after showing how cholera spreads in a contaminated water supply
Robert koch - CORRECT ANSWER - Koch's postulates- established a relationship
between a microbe and disease
-etiology of anthrax
-link between a particular microorganism and a particular disease
Paul ehrlich - CORRECT ANSWER - early pharmacist who mixed and matched chemicals
in order to find magic bullets for a disease (chemicals that killed the disease w/o harming human
cells)
,-developed a drug to treat syphillis
Alexander Fleming - CORRECT ANSWER - first antibiotic - penicillin
cell - CORRECT ANSWER - fundamental unit of life
hallmarks of cells - CORRECT ANSWER - must have cell membrane, genetic material
(DNA), self-replication, regulation, similar macromolecules, and energy use
what 3 things are acellular and non-living? - CORRECT ANSWER - viruses, prions, and
viroids
microbe - CORRECT ANSWER - organism that cannot be seen with the naked eye
what are the effects of microbes on the ecosystem? - CORRECT ANSWER - can
dramatically increase the earth's atmospheric oxygen levels
-role in decomposition of dead organisms
-can survive in nearly every extreme condition where there is liquid water
what domains are prokaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWER - Bacteria and Archaea
what domain are eukaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWER - Domain Eukarya
what domain are viruses? - CORRECT ANSWER - no domain
what are the membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotes but not prokaryotes? - CORRECT
ANSWER - nucleus, ER, Golgi, lysosomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
, archaea cell wall, organelles, and chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - cell wall of
pseudopeptidoglycan, no organelles, and singular circular chromosome
bacteria cell wall, organelles, and chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - cell wall of
peptidoglycan, no organelles, and singular circular chromosome
eukarya cell wall, organelles, and chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - cell wall of
cellulose or chitin; organelles; multiple linear chromosomes
what are the 6 major biological elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O, N, P, S
polysaccharides (carbs) elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O
lipids elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O
proteins elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O, N
nucleic acid elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O, N, P
ionic bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - bonds in which electrons are transferred rather than
shared - creating ions
covalent compounds - CORRECT ANSWER - electrons are shared between two atoms in
order to fill their outer shells
hydrogen bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - type of interaction that occurs when positively
charged hydrogen atoms interact with other electronegative atoms- oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine
-weak bond
-gives water a high boiling point, making it a good temperature buffer and excellent solvent
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Louis Pasteur - CORRECT ANSWER - disproved the theory of spontaneous generation
-swan-neck flask experiments- showed that microbes came from the environment and did not
spontaneously arise = germ theory of disease
-yeast fermentation to make alcohol
-pasteurization
Antony van Leeuwenhoek - CORRECT ANSWER - invented the first microscope and was
the first to actually visualise microbes
Edward jenner - CORRECT ANSWER - was an English physician who'd developed the
first vaccine (smallpox)
Ignaz Semmelweis - CORRECT ANSWER - dutch physician who advocated hand-
washing
John show - CORRECT ANSWER - began science of epidemiology (investigation of how
diseases spread) after showing how cholera spreads in a contaminated water supply
Robert koch - CORRECT ANSWER - Koch's postulates- established a relationship
between a microbe and disease
-etiology of anthrax
-link between a particular microorganism and a particular disease
Paul ehrlich - CORRECT ANSWER - early pharmacist who mixed and matched chemicals
in order to find magic bullets for a disease (chemicals that killed the disease w/o harming human
cells)
,-developed a drug to treat syphillis
Alexander Fleming - CORRECT ANSWER - first antibiotic - penicillin
cell - CORRECT ANSWER - fundamental unit of life
hallmarks of cells - CORRECT ANSWER - must have cell membrane, genetic material
(DNA), self-replication, regulation, similar macromolecules, and energy use
what 3 things are acellular and non-living? - CORRECT ANSWER - viruses, prions, and
viroids
microbe - CORRECT ANSWER - organism that cannot be seen with the naked eye
what are the effects of microbes on the ecosystem? - CORRECT ANSWER - can
dramatically increase the earth's atmospheric oxygen levels
-role in decomposition of dead organisms
-can survive in nearly every extreme condition where there is liquid water
what domains are prokaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWER - Bacteria and Archaea
what domain are eukaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWER - Domain Eukarya
what domain are viruses? - CORRECT ANSWER - no domain
what are the membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotes but not prokaryotes? - CORRECT
ANSWER - nucleus, ER, Golgi, lysosomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
, archaea cell wall, organelles, and chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - cell wall of
pseudopeptidoglycan, no organelles, and singular circular chromosome
bacteria cell wall, organelles, and chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - cell wall of
peptidoglycan, no organelles, and singular circular chromosome
eukarya cell wall, organelles, and chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - cell wall of
cellulose or chitin; organelles; multiple linear chromosomes
what are the 6 major biological elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O, N, P, S
polysaccharides (carbs) elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O
lipids elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O
proteins elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O, N
nucleic acid elements - CORRECT ANSWER - C, H, O, N, P
ionic bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - bonds in which electrons are transferred rather than
shared - creating ions
covalent compounds - CORRECT ANSWER - electrons are shared between two atoms in
order to fill their outer shells
hydrogen bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - type of interaction that occurs when positively
charged hydrogen atoms interact with other electronegative atoms- oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine
-weak bond
-gives water a high boiling point, making it a good temperature buffer and excellent solvent
