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EXIT HESI -PN EXAM A PRACTICE QUESTION AND ANSWERS

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EXIT HESI -PN EXAM A PRACTICE QUESTION AND ANSWERS

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EXIT HESI -PN EXAM A PRACTICE
QUESTION AND ANSWERS

Aznursezwhozhaszrecentlyzcompletedzorientationziszbeginningzworkzinzthezlaborzandzdel
iveryzunitzforzthezfirstztime.zWhenzmakingzassignments,zwhichzclientzshouldzthezchargez
nursezassignztozthisznewznurse?

A.Azprimigravidazwhozisz8zcmzdilatedzafterz14zhourszofzlabor
zB.Azclientzscheduledzforzazrepeatzcesareanzbirthzatz38zweeks'zgestation

zC.Azclientzbeingzinducedzforzfetalzdemisezatz20zweeks'zgestation

zD.Azmultiparouszclientzwhoziszdilatedz5zcmzandz50%zeffacedz-zanswer--D

Theznewznursezshouldzbezassignedzthezleastzcomplicatedzclientztozgainzexperiencezan
dzconfidence,zaszwellzaszprotectzclientzsafety.zOfzthezclientszavailablezforzassignment,z(
D)ziszprogressingzwellzandziszthezleastzcomplicated.z(A,zBzandzC)zhavezactualzorzpotent
ialzcomplicationszandzshouldzbezassignedztozazmorezexperiencedznurse.

Azclientzwithzhumanzimmunodeficiencyzvirusz(HIV)zinfectionzhaszwhitezlesionszinzthezor
alzcavityzthatzresemblezmilkzcurds.zNystatinz(Mycostatin)zpreparationziszprescribedzasz
azswishzandzswallow.zWhichzinformationziszmostzimportantzforztheznurseztozprovidezthe
zclient?



A.Oralzhygienezshouldzbezperformedzbeforezthezmedication.zB.Antifungalzmedicationsz
arezavailablezinztablet,zsuppository,zandzliquidzforms.
zC.Candidazalbicansziszthezorganismzthatzcauseszthezwhitezlesionszinzthezmouth.

zD.Thezdietaryzintakezofzdairyzandzspicyzfoodszshouldzbezlimited.z-zanswer--A

HIVzinfectionzcauseszdepressionzofzcell-
mediatedzimmunityzthatzallowszanzovergrowthzofzCandidazalbicansz(oralzmoniliasis),zw
hichzappearszaszwhite,zcheesyzplaquezorzlesionszthatzresemblezmilkzcurds.zTozensurez
effectivezcontactzofzthezmedicationzwithzthezoralzlesions,zoralzliquidszshouldzbezconsum
edzandzoralzhygienezperformedzbeforezswishingzthezliquidzMycostatinz(A).z(BzandzC)zpr
ovidezthezclientzwithzadditionalzinformationzaboutzthezpathogenesiszandztreatmentzofzo
pportunisticzinfections,zbutz(A)zallowszthezclientztozparticipatezinzself-
carezofzthezoralzinfection.zDietaryzrestrictionzofzspicyzfoodszreduceszdiscomfortzassocia
tedzwithzstomatitis,zbutzrestrictionzofzdairyzproductszisznotzindicatedz(D).

Azclientzwhoziszadmittedzwithzemphysemaziszhavingzdifficultyzbreathing.zInzwhichzpositi
onzshouldztheznursezplacezthezclient?

A.HighzFowler'szpositionzwithoutzazpillowzbehindzthezhead
zB.Semi-Fowler'szpositionzwithzazsinglezpillowzbehindzthezhead

zC.Rightzside-lyingzpositionzwithzthezheadzofzthezbedzelevatedz45zdegrees

zD.Sittingzuprightzandzforwardzwithzbothzarmszsupportedzonzanzoverzthezbedztablez-

zanswer--D

Adequatezlungzexpansionziszdependentzonzdeepzbreathszthatzallowzthezrespiratoryzmu
sclesztozincreasezthezlongitudinalzandzanterior-

,posteriorzsizezofzthezthoraciczcage.zSittingzuprightzandzleaningzforwardzwithzthezarmszs
upportedzonzanzoverzthezbedztablez(D)zallowszthezthoraciczcageztozexpandzinzallzfourzdir
ectionszandzreduceszdyspnea.zAzhighzFowler'szpositionzdoesznotzallowzmaximumzexpa
nsionzofzthezposteriorzlobeszofzthezlungsz(A).zAzsemi-
Fowler'szpositionzrestrictszexpansionzofzthezanterior-
posteriorzdiameterzofzthezthoraciczcagez(B).zPositioningzazclientzonzthezrightzsidezwithzt
hezheadzofzthezbedzelevatedz(C)zdoesznotzfacilitatezlungzexpansion.

Azclientzwithzchroniczrenalzinsufficiencyz(CRI)zisztakingz25zmgzofzhydrochlorothiazidez(
HCTZ)zPOzandz40zmgzofzfurosemidez(Lasix)zPOzdaily.zToday,zatzazroutinezcliniczvisit,zt
hezclient'szserumzpotassiumzlevelzisz4zmEq/
L.zWhatziszthezmostzlikelyzcausezofzthiszclient'szpotassiumzlevel?

A.Thezclientzisznoncompliantzwithzhiszmedications.
zB.Thezclientzrecentlyzconsumedzlargezquantitieszofzpearszorznuts.

zC.Thezclient'szrenalzfunctionzhaszaffectedzhiszpotassiumzlevel.

zD.Thezclientzneedsztozbezstartedzonzazpotassiumzsupplement.z-zanswer--C

Thezclientzhaszaznormalizedzpotassiumzlevelzdespitezdiureticzusez(C).zThezkidneyzauto
maticallyzsecretesz90%zofzpotassiumzconsumed,zbutzinzchroniczrenalzinsufficiencyz(CR
I),zlesszpotassiumziszexcretedzthanznormal.zTherefore,ztheztwozpotassium-
wastingzdrugs,zazthiazidezdiureticzandzloopzdiuretic,zareznotzlikelyztozaffectzpotassiumzl
evels.zTheznormalzpotassiumzlevelzisz3.5ztoz5zmEq/
L,zandzwithzazpotassiumzlevelzofz4zmEq/
L,ztherezisznozreasonztozbelievezthatzthezclientzisznoncompliantzwithzhisztreatmentz(A).z
Pearszandznutszdoznotzaffectzthezserumzpotassiumzlevelz(B).zTherezisznozneedzforzazpot
assiumzsupplementz(D)zbecausezthezclient'szpotassiumzlevelziszwithinztheznormalzrang
e.

Azregisteredznursez(RN)zdeliversztelehealthzservicesztozclientszviazelectroniczcommuni
cation.zWhichznursingzactionzcreateszthezgreatestzriskzforzprofessionalzliabilityzandzhasz
thezpotentialzforzazmalpracticezlawsuit?

A.Participatingzinztelephonezconsultationszwithzclients
zB.Identifyingzoneselfzbyznamezandztitleztozclientszinztelehealthzcommunications

zC.SendingzmedicalzrecordsztozhealthzcarezproviderszviazthezInternet

zD.Answeringzazclient-initiatedzhealthzquestionzviazelectroniczmailz-zanswer--C

SendingzmedicalzrecordszoverzthezInternet,zevenzwithzthezlatestzsecurityzprotection,zcr
eateszthezgreatestzriskzforzliabilityzbecausezofzthezhighzpotentialzofzbreachingzclientzcon
fidentialityzandzthezamountzofzinformationzbeingztransferredz(C).zClientzconfidentialityzi
szprotectedzbyzfederalzwiretappingzlawszmakingztelephonezconsultationz(A)zazprivateza
ndzprotectedzformzofzcommunication.zByzstatingzone'sznamezandzcredentialszinztelehe
althzcommunicationz(B),zonezisztakingzresponsibilityzforzthezencounter.zE-
mailzinitiatedzbyzthezclientz(D)zposeszlesszriskzthanzsendingzrecordszviazthezInternet.

Whichzpathophysiologiczresponsezsupportszthezcontraindicationzforzopioids,zsuchzasz
morphine,zinzclientszwithzincreasedzintracranialzpressurez(ICP)?

A.Sedationzproducedzbyzopioidsziszazresultzofzazprolongedzhalf-
lifezwhenzthezICPziszelevated.

,zB.Higherzdoseszofzopioidszarezrequiredzwhenzcerebralzbloodzflowziszreducedzbyzanzele
vatedzICP.
zC.Dysphoriazfromzopioidszcontributesztozalteredzlevelszofzconsciousnesszwithzanzelev

atedzICP.
D.Opioidszsuppresszrespirations,zwhichzincreaseszPco2zandzcontributesztozanzelevate
dzICP.z-zanswer--D
Thezgreatestzriskzassociatedzwithzopioidszsuchzaszmorphinez(D)ziszrespiratoryzdepressi
onzthatzcauseszanzincreasezinzPco2,zwhichzincreaseszICPzandzmaskszthezearlyzsignszo
fzintracranialzbleedingzinzheadzinjury.z(A,zB,zandzC)zdoznotzsupportzthezriskszassociated
zwithzopioidzusezinzazclientzwithzincreasedzICP.



Thezchargeznursezofzazmedicalzsurgicalzunitziszalertedztozanzimpendingzdisasterzrequiri
ngzimplementationzofzthezhospital'szdisasterzplan.zSpecificzfactszaboutztheznaturezofzthi
szdisasterzareznotzyetzknown.zWhichzinstructionzshouldzthezchargeznursezgiveztozthezot
herzstaffzmemberszatzthisztime?

A.Prepareztozevacuatezthezunit,zstartingzwithzthezbedriddenzclients.
zB.UAPszshouldzreportztozthezemergencyzcenterztozhandleztransports.

zC.ThezlicensedzstaffzshouldzbeginzcountingzwheelchairszandzIVzpoleszonzthezunit.

zD.Continuezwithzcurrentzassignments zuntilzmorezinstructionszarezreceived.z-zanswer--

D
Whenzfacedzwithzanzimpendingzdisaster,zhospitalzpersonnelzmayzbezalertedzbutzshould
zcontinuezwithzcurrentzclientzcarezassignments zuntilzfurtherzinstructionszarezreceivedz(

D).zEvacuationzisztypicallyzazresponsezofzlastzresortzthatzbeginszwithzclientszwhozarezm
ostzableztozambulatez(A).z(B)ziszprematurezandziszlikelyztozincreasezthezchaoszifzincomi
ngzcasualtieszarezanticipated.z(C)ziszpoorzutilizationzofzpersonnel.

TheznursezassesseszazclientzwhilezthezUAPzmeasureszthezclient'szvitalzsigns.zThezclien
t'szvitalzsignszchangezsuddenly,zandztheznursezdetermineszthatzthezclient'szconditionzisz
worsening.zTheznurseziszunsurezofzthezclient'szresuscitativezstatuszandzneedsztozcheck
zthezclient'szmedicalzrecordzforzanyzadvancedzdirectives.zWhichzactionzshouldztheznurs

ezimplement?

A.AskzthezUAPztozcheckzforzthezadvancedzdirectivezwhileztheznursezcompleteszthezass
essment.
B.AssignzthezUAPztozcompletezthezassessmentzwhileztheznursezcheckszforzthezadvanc
edzdirective.
C.Checkzthezmedicalzrecordzforzthezadvancedzdirectivezandzthenzcompletezthezclientza
ssessment.
zD.Callzforzthezchargeznurseztozcheckzthezadvancedzdirectivezwhilezcontinuingztozasses

szthezclient.z-zanswer--D
Becausezthezclient'szconditionziszworsening,ztheznursezshouldzremainzwithzthezclientza
ndzcontinuezthezassessmentzwhilezcallingzforzhelpzfromzthezchargeznurseztozdeterminez
thezclient'szresuscitativezstatusz(D).z(AzandzB)zareztaskszthatzmustzbezcompletedzbyzazn
ursezandzcannotzbezdelegatedztozthezUAP.z(C)ziszcontraindicated.

Theznurseziszpreparingzazclientzforzsurgeryzscheduledzinz2zhours.zAzUAPziszhelpingzthez
nurse.zWhichztaskziszimportantzforztheznurseztozperform,zratherzthanzthezUAP?

A.Removezthezclient'sznailzpolishzandzdentures.

, zB.Assistzthezclientztozthezrestroomztozvoid.
zC.Obtainzthezclient'szheightzandzweight.

zD.Offerzthezclientzemotionalzsupport.z-zanswer--D

Byzusingztherapeuticztechniquesztozofferzsupportz(D),ztheznursezcanzdeterminezanyzclie
ntzconcernszthatzneedztozbezaddressed.z(A,zB,zandzC)zarezallzactionszthatzcanzbezperfor
medzbyzthezUAPzunderzthezsupervisionzofztheznurse.

Untilzthezcensuszonzthezobstetricsz(OB)zunitzincreases,zanzunlicensedzassistivezperson
nelz(UAP)zwhozusuallyzworkszinzlaborzandzdeliveryzandztheznewbornznurseryziszassign
edztozworkzonzthezpostoperativezunit.zWhichzclientzwouldzbezbestzforzthezchargeznursezt
ozassignztozthiszUAP?

zA.Anzadolescentzwhozwaszreadmittedztozthezhospitalzbecausezofzazpostoperativezinfec
tion
zB.Azwomanzwithzaznewzcolostomyzwhozrequireszdischargezteaching

zC.Azwomanzwhozhadzazhipzreplacementzandzmayzbeztransferredztozthezhomezcarezunit

zD.Azmanzwhozhadzazcholecystectomyzandzcurrentlyzhaszaznasogastricztubezsetztozinte

rmittentzsuctionz-zanswer--C
Thezchargeznursezwillzbezresponsiblezforzprovidingzazreportztozthezhomezcarezunitzifzthe
ztransferzoccursz(A).zThezclientziszinfectedzandzanzemployeezwhozworkszonzanzOBzunitz

shouldzbezassignedztozcleanzcaseszinzcasezthezemployeeziszrequiredztozreturnztozthezO
Bzunitz(B).zThiszrequireszthezskillszofzazregisteredznursez(RN)ztozdozdischargezteachingz
andzprovidezemotionalzsupportz(D).zThiszmayzrequirezskillszbeyondzthezlevelzofzthiszUA
P.

Azmalezclientziszadmittedzforzobservationzafterzbeingzhitzonzthezheadzwithzazbaseballzba
t.zSixzhourszafterzadmission,zthezclientzattemptsztozcrawlzoutzofzbedzandzasksztheznurse
zwhyztherezarezsozmanyzbugszinzhiszbed.zHiszvitalzsignszarezstable,zandzthezpulsezoxim

eterzreadingzisz98%zonzroomzair.zWhichzinterventionzshouldztheznursezperformzfirst?

A.Administerzoxygenzperznasalzcannulazatz2zL/min.
B.Planztozcheckzhiszvitalzsignszagainzinz30zminutes.
C.Notifyzthezhealthzcarezproviderzofzthezchangezinzmentalzstatus.
D.Askzthezclientzwhyzhezthinksztherezarezbugszinzthezbed.z-zanswer--C
Onezofzthezearliestzsignszofzincreasedzintracranialzpressurez(ICP)ziszazchangezinzmenta
lzstatusz(C).zItziszimportantztozactzearlyzandzquicklyzwhenzsymptomszofzincreasedzICPzo
ccur.zBecausezhiszoxygenzsaturationzisznormal,zthezadministrationzofzoxygenz(A)zisznot
ztheztopzpriority.zVitalzsignszshouldzbezmonitoredzfrequentlyz(B),zbutzthezclient'szconfusi

onzshouldzbezreportedzimmediately.z(D)zisznotzazusefulzintervention.

Theznurseziszmonitoringzazclientzwhoziszreceivingzbedsidezconsciouszsedationzwithzmid
azolamzhydrochloridez(Versed).zInzassessingzthezclient,ztheznursezdetermineszthatzthez
clientzhaszslurredzspeechzwithzdiplopia.zBasedzonzthiszfinding,zwhatzactionzshouldzthez
nurseztake?

zA.Openzthezairwayzwithzazchinzlift-headztiltzmaneuver.
zB.Obtainzazfingerstickzglucosezreading.
zC.Administerzflumazenilz(Romazicon).

zD.Continueztozmonitorzthezclient.z-zanswer--D

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