Medical Physiology Exam Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update 2024 (Already Passed)

Medical Physiology Exam Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update 2024 (Already Passed) All living things perform what functions: - Answers 1. respond to changes in immediate environment (homeostasis) 2. show adaptability 3. grow/reproduce 4. capable of some degree of movement 5. require energy How many tissues types to organs have - Answers at least 2 How many organ systems are there - Answers 11 Internal environment - Answers - Immediate environment - tissue fluid (interstitial fluid) around cells - Plasma (fluid around blood cells) Paracrine factors - Answers act on nearby Endocrine factors - Answers distance Autocrine factors - Answers acts on itself percent of ICF - Answers 2/3 percent of ECF - Answers 1/3 percent of interstital fluid - Answers 75% percent of plasma - Answers 25% solids to fluids ratio - Answers 40:60 What is homeostasis in control of - Answers 1. Receptor 2. Control centre 3. Effector Membranes within body cavities - Answers 1. Parietal serosa (lines internal body cavity walls) 2. Visceral serosa (covers internal organs) Solutes - Answers NA+ K+ Ca2+ Cl- Mg+ ECF has large amounts of - Answers Nacl, Hco3-, glucose, fatty acids, amnio acids, CO2, ICF has large amounts of - Answers K+ Mg+ PO4- ECF within the body (blood volume) - Answers 5L, circulates body approx 1x/min at rest - 6x intense Where does continual exchange of ECF occur - Answers Between the plasma and interstitial fluid Movement in the ECF is via : - Answers Diffusion Right upper quad (RUQ) - Answers -Liver (right lobe) - Gallbladder -Duodenum - Part of pancreas -Right kidney -Peptic ulcer Left upper quad (LUQ) - Answers - Liver - Pancreases - Stomach - Left Kidney Right Lower quad (RLQ) - Answers - Appendix - Ovary/fallopian tube - Upper colon Left Lower quad (LLQ) - Answers - Colon - Lilac/pelvis - Small intestine Negative feedback - Answers shuts off original stimulus Variable changes in opposite direction of initial change Negative feedback example - Answers regulation of blood volume (thirst) thirst will click in Positive feedback - Answers Response enhances the original stimulus continues in same direction as initial change Examples of positive feedback - Answers Blood clotting Ovulation Birthing 4 cell types - Answers 1. neurons 2. muscle cells 3. Epithelial cells 4. Connective cells basic types of cells - Answers 1. neurons (nerve cells) transmit info in form of electrical impulses 2. Neuoglia (supporting cells) isolate/support neurons, form supporting framework Cells are found in - Answers 1. Central nervous system 2. Peripheral nervous system Connective cells/tissue - Answers - blood cells, bone cells, fibroblasts - most diverse - has extracellular matrix - functions to anchor, attach body structure (bones, tendons) Epithelial cells/tissue - Answers - sheet like layer of cells - forms lining of internal body surfaces/cavities - Forms lining of hollow organs blood vessels have specialized what - Answers Epithelium and endothelium Lumen means - Answers Interior Exocrine glands - Answers - have ducts - produces collect/released (sweat, saliva, tears)