Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th
Edition Latest Update ( Test Bank )
When many people share the same values, it may be possible to identify a philosophy
of utilitarianism. Which of the following statements is a principle of utilitarianism? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-The value of something is determined by its usefulness to
society; this concept is also known by the guiding principle of "greatest good" for the
greatest number of people.
(According to a utilitarian system of ethics, the value of something is determined by its
usefulness for the greatest number of people.)
Relational ethics suggests that ethical dilemmas can best be attended to by focusing on
attention to which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Relationships.
(Relational ethics focuses on the role of relational context or the experience of the
relationships in shaping moral decisions.)
In most ethical dilemmas, the solution to the dilemma requires negotiation among
members of the health care team. Why is the nurse's point of view valuable? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Nurses develop a relationship with the patient that is unique
among all health care providers.
(Nurses generally interact with patients over longer intervals of time than do health care
providers in other disciplines. Because nurses are often involved in personal care,
patients and families reveal information not always shared with physicians or others.)
Ethical dilemmas often involve a conflict of opinion. Once the nurse has determined that
the dilemma is ethical, which of the following would be a critical first step in negotiating
the difference of opinion? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Gather all relevant information
regarding the clinical, social, and spiritual aspects of the dilemma.
(The process of resolving ethical dilemmas is similar to the nursing process. The first
step is gathering all relevant information. Then the group will proceed through
assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation.)
Which of the following sets forth ethical principles for professional nursing practice in a
clinical setting? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses of the
Canadian Nurses Association.
(The Code of Ethics is an ethical guide embodying professional values and standards
established by nurses and the Canadian Nurses Association to maintain the highest
standards for the nurse's conduct in practice. The code gives a broad overview of the
, appropriate and inappropriate roles of the registered nurse. Standards of care written by
field experts are guidelines that direct the usual pathway of patient management under
certain circumstances. Good Samaritan laws are laws that prevent an individual from
suing another person who tries in "good faith" to assist that individual in an accident.)
Which of the following statements concerning informed consent is correct? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-he goal of informed consent is to protect the patient's right to autonomy.
(The patient's right to autonomy is the basis of informed consent. Informed consent
applies to all treatments, not just those related to surgical procedures.)
Withdrawal of food and hydration at the end of life is an ethical issue that nurses may
face, particularly if a patient is near death or in a vegetative state. Which of the following
is an accurate statement that the nurse could reveal to the patient's family? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-It is appropriate to withhold food and fluids only after careful examination of
the patient's status because artificial hydration may not be benefiting the patient.
(The research literature related to withdrawing food and fluids at the end of life is not
conclusive enough to support either withdrawing or not withdrawing food and hydration.
Rather, a clinician's decision should be based on the goals of care of the patient and
family and a careful assessment of the patient's comfort. At the end of life, when the
body is shutting down, individuals may lose their desire for food and fluids. Force-
feeding can sometimes harm a patient.)
The experience of "moral distress" is captured by which of the following statements? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Moral distress occurs when inconsistency exists between a
nurse's beliefs and values and how he or she is able to act.
To distinguish an ethical problem from other types of problems encountered, the nurse
should be aware that which of the following statements about ethical problems is true? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-The answer is not determined by logical deduction.
(The characteristics of an ethical problem include the lack of a logical conclusion, lack of
scientific support for either choice or support for both choices, differences in valuing by
staff and the patient that might result in harm or in options that are less than the best,
and an answer that involves several areas of human concern.)
After researching the scientific literature and confirming that an issue is an ethical
dilemma, which of the following should the nurse do next? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Perform a values clarification
Which of the following represents utilitarian allocation of scarce resources? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Distribution of resources to achieve the greater good of the larger group.
hen the nurse describe a patient as "that nasty old man in 354," the nurse is exhibiting
which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Gender bias and ageism
Edition Latest Update ( Test Bank )
When many people share the same values, it may be possible to identify a philosophy
of utilitarianism. Which of the following statements is a principle of utilitarianism? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-The value of something is determined by its usefulness to
society; this concept is also known by the guiding principle of "greatest good" for the
greatest number of people.
(According to a utilitarian system of ethics, the value of something is determined by its
usefulness for the greatest number of people.)
Relational ethics suggests that ethical dilemmas can best be attended to by focusing on
attention to which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Relationships.
(Relational ethics focuses on the role of relational context or the experience of the
relationships in shaping moral decisions.)
In most ethical dilemmas, the solution to the dilemma requires negotiation among
members of the health care team. Why is the nurse's point of view valuable? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Nurses develop a relationship with the patient that is unique
among all health care providers.
(Nurses generally interact with patients over longer intervals of time than do health care
providers in other disciplines. Because nurses are often involved in personal care,
patients and families reveal information not always shared with physicians or others.)
Ethical dilemmas often involve a conflict of opinion. Once the nurse has determined that
the dilemma is ethical, which of the following would be a critical first step in negotiating
the difference of opinion? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Gather all relevant information
regarding the clinical, social, and spiritual aspects of the dilemma.
(The process of resolving ethical dilemmas is similar to the nursing process. The first
step is gathering all relevant information. Then the group will proceed through
assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation.)
Which of the following sets forth ethical principles for professional nursing practice in a
clinical setting? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses of the
Canadian Nurses Association.
(The Code of Ethics is an ethical guide embodying professional values and standards
established by nurses and the Canadian Nurses Association to maintain the highest
standards for the nurse's conduct in practice. The code gives a broad overview of the
, appropriate and inappropriate roles of the registered nurse. Standards of care written by
field experts are guidelines that direct the usual pathway of patient management under
certain circumstances. Good Samaritan laws are laws that prevent an individual from
suing another person who tries in "good faith" to assist that individual in an accident.)
Which of the following statements concerning informed consent is correct? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-he goal of informed consent is to protect the patient's right to autonomy.
(The patient's right to autonomy is the basis of informed consent. Informed consent
applies to all treatments, not just those related to surgical procedures.)
Withdrawal of food and hydration at the end of life is an ethical issue that nurses may
face, particularly if a patient is near death or in a vegetative state. Which of the following
is an accurate statement that the nurse could reveal to the patient's family? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-It is appropriate to withhold food and fluids only after careful examination of
the patient's status because artificial hydration may not be benefiting the patient.
(The research literature related to withdrawing food and fluids at the end of life is not
conclusive enough to support either withdrawing or not withdrawing food and hydration.
Rather, a clinician's decision should be based on the goals of care of the patient and
family and a careful assessment of the patient's comfort. At the end of life, when the
body is shutting down, individuals may lose their desire for food and fluids. Force-
feeding can sometimes harm a patient.)
The experience of "moral distress" is captured by which of the following statements? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Moral distress occurs when inconsistency exists between a
nurse's beliefs and values and how he or she is able to act.
To distinguish an ethical problem from other types of problems encountered, the nurse
should be aware that which of the following statements about ethical problems is true? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-The answer is not determined by logical deduction.
(The characteristics of an ethical problem include the lack of a logical conclusion, lack of
scientific support for either choice or support for both choices, differences in valuing by
staff and the patient that might result in harm or in options that are less than the best,
and an answer that involves several areas of human concern.)
After researching the scientific literature and confirming that an issue is an ethical
dilemma, which of the following should the nurse do next? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Perform a values clarification
Which of the following represents utilitarian allocation of scarce resources? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Distribution of resources to achieve the greater good of the larger group.
hen the nurse describe a patient as "that nasty old man in 354," the nurse is exhibiting
which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Gender bias and ageism
