chapter 1 cellular biology test bank and workbook
what is the correct order of a normal cell cycle
A. M phase
B. S PHASE
C. G1 phase
D. G2 phase - C. G1 phase
B. S PHASE
D. G2 phase
A. M phase
Which statement best describes the cellular func on of metabolic absorp on?
a.
Cells can produce proteins.
b.
Cells can secrete diges ve enzymes.
c.
Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d.
Cells can synthesize fats. - ANS: C
In metabolic absorp on, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings.
The remaining op ons are not inclusive in their descrip ons of cellular metabolic absorp on.
Where is most of a cell's gene c informa on, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a.
Mitochondria
b.
Ribosome
c.
,Nucleolus
d.
Lysosome - ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the
cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its ac vity. The
mitochondria are responsible for cellular respira on and energy produc on. Ribosomes' chief func on is
to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes func on as the intracellular diges ve system.
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxida ve reac on?
a.
Lysosomes
b.
Peroxisomes
c.
Ribosomes
d.
Endosome - ANS: B
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxida ve reac on that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant
and poten ally destruc ve if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein
complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm
through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures
that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 diges ve enzymes called hydrolases,
which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that
has been pinched off from the cellular membrane.
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodiges on when it is released during cell injury? - a.
Ribosome
b.
Golgi complex
c.
Smooth endoplasmic re culum
, d.
Lysosomes
Which cAMP-mediated response is related to an diure c hormone?
a.
Increased heart rate and force of contrac on
b.
Secre on of cor sol
c.
Increased reten on of water
d.
Breakdown of fat - ANS: C
An diure c hormone leads to increased reten on of water in the body. Epinephrine causes increases in
heart rate and force of contrac on. Increased cor sol secre on is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due
to glucagon.
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a.
G1
b.
S
c.
G2
d.
M - ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is the period between
the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S phase (S = synthesis), during which
DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2 phase, during which RNA and protein synthesis occurs,
the period between the comple on of DNA synthesis and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase,
which includes nuclear and cytoplasmic division.
what is the correct order of a normal cell cycle
A. M phase
B. S PHASE
C. G1 phase
D. G2 phase - C. G1 phase
B. S PHASE
D. G2 phase
A. M phase
Which statement best describes the cellular func on of metabolic absorp on?
a.
Cells can produce proteins.
b.
Cells can secrete diges ve enzymes.
c.
Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d.
Cells can synthesize fats. - ANS: C
In metabolic absorp on, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings.
The remaining op ons are not inclusive in their descrip ons of cellular metabolic absorp on.
Where is most of a cell's gene c informa on, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a.
Mitochondria
b.
Ribosome
c.
,Nucleolus
d.
Lysosome - ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the
cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its ac vity. The
mitochondria are responsible for cellular respira on and energy produc on. Ribosomes' chief func on is
to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes func on as the intracellular diges ve system.
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxida ve reac on?
a.
Lysosomes
b.
Peroxisomes
c.
Ribosomes
d.
Endosome - ANS: B
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxida ve reac on that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant
and poten ally destruc ve if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein
complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm
through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures
that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 diges ve enzymes called hydrolases,
which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that
has been pinched off from the cellular membrane.
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodiges on when it is released during cell injury? - a.
Ribosome
b.
Golgi complex
c.
Smooth endoplasmic re culum
, d.
Lysosomes
Which cAMP-mediated response is related to an diure c hormone?
a.
Increased heart rate and force of contrac on
b.
Secre on of cor sol
c.
Increased reten on of water
d.
Breakdown of fat - ANS: C
An diure c hormone leads to increased reten on of water in the body. Epinephrine causes increases in
heart rate and force of contrac on. Increased cor sol secre on is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due
to glucagon.
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a.
G1
b.
S
c.
G2
d.
M - ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is the period between
the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S phase (S = synthesis), during which
DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2 phase, during which RNA and protein synthesis occurs,
the period between the comple on of DNA synthesis and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase,
which includes nuclear and cytoplasmic division.
