BIO 101 LATEST EXAM 3 WITH 50 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS

BIO 101 LATEST EXAM 3 WITH 50 QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED SOLUTIONS

QUESTION: how is lactose digested - ANSWER-- lactose goes through protein synthesis


- the lactose then splits the disaccharide (lactose) so that it can be digested


(occurs in the sale intestine)




QUESTION: lactose tolerance past infant hood is_____ - ANSWER-autosomal dominant


(you only need one gene from a parent to inherit)




QUESTION: negative symptoms of lactose intolerance and what causes them - ANSWER-

bacteria consumes the lactose and produces methane gas and lactic acid which causes cramps,

bloating, and gas. Lactose molecules draw water from hypertonic cells which can cause diarrhea.




QUESTION: how can mutations be helpful/harmful - ANSWER-positive: new mutation allows

for German birds to grow longer beaks to eat from British bird feeders




negative: sickle cell disease

, QUESTION: What causes mutation? - ANSWER-mutagens like cigarettes, and DNA copying

errors


(pointmutation, insertion/deletion)




QUESTION: how does mutation affect sexual/asexual organisms and their diversity -

ANSWER-- asexual (like bacteria) rely on mutation for survival


- 95% of human genome is non-coding. mutations are usually neutral but can be either helpful or

harmful




QUESTION: what is gene flow - ANSWER-migration that can cause micro(within

species)/macro(new species)evolution


QUESTION: Importance of protein in our diet - ANSWER-amino acids are essential for cell

reproduction




QUESTION: What is transcription (protein synthesis: stage one) - ANSWER-(occurs in the

nucleus) DNA is copied into RNA




QUESTION: What is translation (protein synthesis: stage two) - ANSWER-(occurs in the

ribosome) mRNA tunnels through the ribosome, tRNA brings in amino acids and they bond