MSC Spine Test 1 ACTUAL
Questions and Correct
answers
Cervical Spine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Lordotic, C1-C7
- Supports the weight of the head
- Has greatest Range of Motion
Thoracic Spine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Kyphotic, T1-T12
- Protects the organs of the chest by providing attachment for the rib cage
Lumbar Spine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Lordotic, L1-L5
- Bears the weight of the body
Sacrum / Coccyx - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Kyphotic, S1-S4
- Provides attachment for the hip bones and protects pelvic organs
- 5 bones fused together
- Coccyx region = 4 fused bones without function
ACDF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion, one of the
most successful surgeries performed
Spinal Balance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The adult human head weighs 8-10 lbs.
The sagittal curve provides balance so that the body remains upright against the weight of the
head, body, forces, and gravity.
,"Restoration of Sagittal Balance"
This weight, combined with the axial load on the cervical spine roughly = 25 lbs of load on the C
spine in an erect position.
If L1-L5 needs to be fused... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅they'd fuse T10-L5
Lordosis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Cervical (C1-C7)
- Lumbar (L1-L5)
- Common for Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
Kyphosis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Thoracic (T1-T12)
- Sacrococcygeal Region (L5-S4)
- (L1-S1) - most common area for DDD
Neutral Zones - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Transition zones, loss of normal curve, straight
Vertebrae - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅spinal bones
Vertebral Body - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Anterior, weight-bearing structure in the
spine made of cancellous bone and surrounded by a layer of hard, compact bone that provides
support and stability.
Posterior Arch - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Multiple processes designed as outriggers for
soft tissue attachments.
- Protects the spinal cord and cauda equina.
Pedicles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- tubes of bone that connect the posterior arch to the
vertebral body.
, The biggest challenge for a surgeon is to... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅identify the pain
generator
Facet Joints - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Synovial joints that link vertebrae and provide
flexibility and motion (flexion, extension, rotation) to the spine.
- aka zygapophyseal joints
- The articulations between superior articular facet (bottom vertebrae) and the inferior articular
facet (above vertebrae).
- Downward weight-bearing stress through vertebral body and disc.
- Carry about 20% of the body's load.
Iatragenic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅means it was caused by Surgeon, treatment,
procedure or medication.
Subluxation of facet joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅when the facet joint is completely
misplaced and out of alignment
6 directions motions when moving together - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Flexion and
Extension
- Sidebending - L/R
- Rotation - L/R
Joint type: Plane (synovial joint-gliding motion)
Arthrokinematic movements - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Anterior glide with flexion
Posterior glide with extension
3 functions of the Intervertebral Disc Joints - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1. Shock
absorption
Questions and Correct
answers
Cervical Spine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Lordotic, C1-C7
- Supports the weight of the head
- Has greatest Range of Motion
Thoracic Spine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Kyphotic, T1-T12
- Protects the organs of the chest by providing attachment for the rib cage
Lumbar Spine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Lordotic, L1-L5
- Bears the weight of the body
Sacrum / Coccyx - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Kyphotic, S1-S4
- Provides attachment for the hip bones and protects pelvic organs
- 5 bones fused together
- Coccyx region = 4 fused bones without function
ACDF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion, one of the
most successful surgeries performed
Spinal Balance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The adult human head weighs 8-10 lbs.
The sagittal curve provides balance so that the body remains upright against the weight of the
head, body, forces, and gravity.
,"Restoration of Sagittal Balance"
This weight, combined with the axial load on the cervical spine roughly = 25 lbs of load on the C
spine in an erect position.
If L1-L5 needs to be fused... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅they'd fuse T10-L5
Lordosis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Cervical (C1-C7)
- Lumbar (L1-L5)
- Common for Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
Kyphosis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Thoracic (T1-T12)
- Sacrococcygeal Region (L5-S4)
- (L1-S1) - most common area for DDD
Neutral Zones - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Transition zones, loss of normal curve, straight
Vertebrae - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅spinal bones
Vertebral Body - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Anterior, weight-bearing structure in the
spine made of cancellous bone and surrounded by a layer of hard, compact bone that provides
support and stability.
Posterior Arch - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Multiple processes designed as outriggers for
soft tissue attachments.
- Protects the spinal cord and cauda equina.
Pedicles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- tubes of bone that connect the posterior arch to the
vertebral body.
, The biggest challenge for a surgeon is to... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅identify the pain
generator
Facet Joints - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Synovial joints that link vertebrae and provide
flexibility and motion (flexion, extension, rotation) to the spine.
- aka zygapophyseal joints
- The articulations between superior articular facet (bottom vertebrae) and the inferior articular
facet (above vertebrae).
- Downward weight-bearing stress through vertebral body and disc.
- Carry about 20% of the body's load.
Iatragenic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅means it was caused by Surgeon, treatment,
procedure or medication.
Subluxation of facet joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅when the facet joint is completely
misplaced and out of alignment
6 directions motions when moving together - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Flexion and
Extension
- Sidebending - L/R
- Rotation - L/R
Joint type: Plane (synovial joint-gliding motion)
Arthrokinematic movements - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Anterior glide with flexion
Posterior glide with extension
3 functions of the Intervertebral Disc Joints - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1. Shock
absorption
