Biol 1201 Exam 1 (gregg) Questions and
Answers
plasma membrane - Answers -The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as
a selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.
Ribosomes - Answers -complexes that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough
ER or nuclear envelope
Golgi apparatus - Answers -active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of
cell products
Lysosome - Answers -digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed, and
autophagy
Mitachondrion - Answers -organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is
generated
Cytoskeleton - Answers -reinforces cell's shape; functions in cell movement;
components are made of protein. Includes: Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments,
Microtubules.
phagocytosis - Answers -A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or
whole cells (lysosomes)
in osmosis, water molecules move towards... - Answers -higher solute concentration
hypertonic solution - Answers -A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater
than that of the cell that resides in the solution
hypotonic solution - Answers -Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell
gains water
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answers -network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in
membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough
(ribosome-studded) and smooth regions
Rough ER - Answers -protein synthesis
Smooth ER - Answers -lipid synthesis
calcium ion storage
, poison detoxification
Nucleolus - Answers -nonmembranous structure involved in production of ribosomes; a
nucleus has one or more nucleoli
Chromatin - Answers -material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible in a dividing cell
as individual condensed chromosomes
cell wall - Answers -outer layer that maintains cell's shape and protects cell from
mechanical damage; made of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and protein
Chloroplast - Answers -photosynthetic organelle; converts energy of sunlight to
chemical energy stored in sugar molecules
central vacuole - Answers -prominent organelle in older plant cells; storage, breakdown
of waste products, hydrolysis of macromolecules; enlargement of vacuole major
mechanism of plant growth.
Part complete
The innermost electron shell of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons. - Answers -2
Which of these relationships is true of an uncharged atom? - Answers -The number of
protons is equal to the number of electrons
What determines the types of chemical reactions that an atom participates in? -
Answers -the number of electrons in the outermost electron shell
What type of bond is joining the two hydrogen atoms? - Answers -covalent
A(n) _____ refers to two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. - Answers -
molecule
This atom can form up to _____ single covalent bond(s) - Answers -4
A(n) _____ bond joins these two oxygen atoms. - Answers -double covalent
Part complete
What is the atomic number of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons?
- Answers -6
Part complete
Which of these refers to atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic
masses? - Answers -these atoms are isotopes
Fluorine's atomic number is 9 and its atomic mass is 19. How many neutrons does
fluorine have? - Answers -10
Answers
plasma membrane - Answers -The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as
a selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.
Ribosomes - Answers -complexes that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough
ER or nuclear envelope
Golgi apparatus - Answers -active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of
cell products
Lysosome - Answers -digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed, and
autophagy
Mitachondrion - Answers -organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is
generated
Cytoskeleton - Answers -reinforces cell's shape; functions in cell movement;
components are made of protein. Includes: Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments,
Microtubules.
phagocytosis - Answers -A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or
whole cells (lysosomes)
in osmosis, water molecules move towards... - Answers -higher solute concentration
hypertonic solution - Answers -A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater
than that of the cell that resides in the solution
hypotonic solution - Answers -Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell
gains water
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answers -network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in
membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough
(ribosome-studded) and smooth regions
Rough ER - Answers -protein synthesis
Smooth ER - Answers -lipid synthesis
calcium ion storage
, poison detoxification
Nucleolus - Answers -nonmembranous structure involved in production of ribosomes; a
nucleus has one or more nucleoli
Chromatin - Answers -material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible in a dividing cell
as individual condensed chromosomes
cell wall - Answers -outer layer that maintains cell's shape and protects cell from
mechanical damage; made of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and protein
Chloroplast - Answers -photosynthetic organelle; converts energy of sunlight to
chemical energy stored in sugar molecules
central vacuole - Answers -prominent organelle in older plant cells; storage, breakdown
of waste products, hydrolysis of macromolecules; enlargement of vacuole major
mechanism of plant growth.
Part complete
The innermost electron shell of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons. - Answers -2
Which of these relationships is true of an uncharged atom? - Answers -The number of
protons is equal to the number of electrons
What determines the types of chemical reactions that an atom participates in? -
Answers -the number of electrons in the outermost electron shell
What type of bond is joining the two hydrogen atoms? - Answers -covalent
A(n) _____ refers to two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. - Answers -
molecule
This atom can form up to _____ single covalent bond(s) - Answers -4
A(n) _____ bond joins these two oxygen atoms. - Answers -double covalent
Part complete
What is the atomic number of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons?
- Answers -6
Part complete
Which of these refers to atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic
masses? - Answers -these atoms are isotopes
Fluorine's atomic number is 9 and its atomic mass is 19. How many neutrons does
fluorine have? - Answers -10
