Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nur
c c c c c c c
sing Practice 10th Edition Polit Test Bank
c c c c c c
CHAPTERc1
1. Whichcofcthecfollowingcgroupscwouldcbecbestcservedcbycthecdevelopmentcofcacscientificcba
secforcnursingcpractice?
A) Nursingcadministrators
B) Practicingcnurses
C) Nurses'cclients
D) Healthccarecpolicymakers
Ans:cCcFe
edback:
Nursingcresearchciscsystematiccinquirycdesignedctocdevelopctrustworthycevidencecaboutciss
uescofcimportancectocnursescandctheircclients.cNursecleaderscrecognizecthecneedctocbasecspeci
ficcnursingcdecisionsconcevidencecindicatingcthatcthecdecisionscarecclinicallycappropriate,cc
ost-
effective,candcresultcincpositivecclientcoutcomes.cAlthoughcallcofcthecpeopleclistedcwouldcbe
nefitcfromcthecdevelopmentcofcacscientificcbasecforcnursingcpractice,cultimatelycitciscthecclie
ntscthemselvescwhocwouldcmostcbenefit,casctheycwouldcthencreceivecthecmostcappropriateca
ndcmostceffectiveccare.
2. Ancespeciallycimportantcgoalcforcthecnursingcprofessioncisctocdocwhichcofcthecfollowing?
A) Conductcresearchctocbettercunderstandctheccontextcofcnursingcpractice
B) Establishcacsolidcbasecofcevidencecforcpracticecthroughcdisciplinedcresearch
C) Documentcthecrolecnursingcservescincsociety
D) Establishcresearchcpriorities
Ans:cBcFe
edback:
Nursescarecincreasinglycexpectedctocunderstandcandcundertakecresearchcandctocbasectheircpr
acticeconcevidencecfromcresearch.cEvidence-
basedcpracticeciscthecusecofcthecbestcevidencecincmakingcpatientccarecdecisionscandctypicall
yccomescfromcresearchcconductedcbycnursescandcotherchealth-
carecprofessionals.cAllcofcthecothercanswerscarecpossiblecgoalscforcthecnursingcprofession,cb
utcnoneciscascimportantcascestablishingcevidencecforcpractice.
3. Whichcofcthecfollowingciscacfundamentalcbeliefcofcthosecwhocholdctocthecconstructivistcpa
radigm?
A) Acfixedcrealitycexistscincnaturecforchumansctocunderstand
B) Thecnaturecofcrealitychascchangedcoverctime
C) Realityciscmultiplycconstructedcandcmultiplycinterpretedcbychumans
D) Realityccannotcbecstudiedcempirically
Ans:cCcFe
edback:
Pagec1
,Incthecconstructivistcparadigm,citciscassumedcthatcrealityciscnotcacfixedcentitycbutciscrathercacc
onstructioncofchumancminds,candcthusc“truth”ciscaccompositecofcmultiplecconstructions
Pagec2
,ofcreality.cHowever,cconstructivistscdocbelievecthatcrealityccancbecstudiedcempirically.cBeli
efcincacfixedcrealitycthatcexistscincnaturecforchumansctocunderstandcwouldcbecancexamplecofc
acpositivistcbelief,cnotcacconstructivistcone.cThecconstructivistcbeliefcdoescnotcholdcsocmuchct
hatcthecnaturecofcrealitychascchangedcoverctimecascthatcitchascalwayscbeencconstructedcbychu
mancminds.
Pagec3
, 4. Whichcofcthecfollowingciscacfundamentalcbeliefcofcthosecwhocholdctocthecpositivistcpa
radigm?
A) Thecresearcherciscobjectivecandcindependentcofcthosecbeingcstudied
B) Thecresearcherccannotcinteractcwithcthosecbeingcstudied
C) Thecresearchercinstructscthosecbeingcstudiedctocbecobjectivecincprovidingci
nformation
D) Thecdistancecbetweencthecresearchercandcthosecbeingcresearchedciscminimizedctoce
nhancecthecinteractivecprocess
Ans:cAcFe
edback:
Incthecpositivistcparadigm,citciscassumedcthatcthereciscancobjectivecrealitycandcthatcnaturalcph
enomenacarecregularcandcorderly.cIncthecconstructivistcparadigm,citciscassumedcthatcrealityc
iscnotcacfixedcentitycbutciscrathercacconstructioncofchumancminds,candcthusc“truth”ciscaccomp
ositecofcmultiplecconstructionscofcreality.
5. Whichcofcthecfollowingcattributesciscleastccharacteristiccofcthectraditionalcscientificcm
ethod?
A) Controlcovercexternalcfactors
B) Systematiccmeasurementcandcobservationcofcnaturalcphenomena
C) Testingcofchunchescdeducedcfromctheorycorcpriorcresearch
D) Emphasisconcacholisticcviewcofcacphenomenon,cstudiedcincacrichccontext
Ans:cDcFe
edback:
Quantitativecresearchc(associatedcwithcpositivism)cinvolvesctheccollectioncandcanalysiscofc
numericcinformation.cQuantitativecresearchcisctypicallycconductedcwithincthectraditionalcs
cientificcmethod,cwhichciscsystematiccandccontrolled.cQuantitativecresearcherscbasectheircf
indingsconcempiricalcevidencec(evidenceccollectedcbycwaycofcthechumancsenses)candcstrivec
forcgeneralizabilitycbeyondcacsinglecsettingcorcsituation.
Constructivistcresearcherscemphasizecunderstandingchumancexperiencecascitcisclivedct
hroughctheccollectioncandcanalysiscofcsubjective,cnarrativecmaterialscusingcflexiblecpr
ocedures;cthiscparadigmciscassociatedcwithcqualitativecresearch.
6. Empiricismcrefersctocwhichcofcthecfollowing?
A) Makingcgeneralizationscfromcspecificcobservations
B) Articulatingcacstudycpurposecinctermscofcancappropriatecclassificationcsystem
C) Gatheringcevidencecaboutcreal-worldcphenomenacthroughcthecsenses
D) Verifyingcthecassumptionsconcwhichcthecstudycwascbasedc
Ans:cC
Pagec3
c c c c c c c
sing Practice 10th Edition Polit Test Bank
c c c c c c
CHAPTERc1
1. Whichcofcthecfollowingcgroupscwouldcbecbestcservedcbycthecdevelopmentcofcacscientificcba
secforcnursingcpractice?
A) Nursingcadministrators
B) Practicingcnurses
C) Nurses'cclients
D) Healthccarecpolicymakers
Ans:cCcFe
edback:
Nursingcresearchciscsystematiccinquirycdesignedctocdevelopctrustworthycevidencecaboutciss
uescofcimportancectocnursescandctheircclients.cNursecleaderscrecognizecthecneedctocbasecspeci
ficcnursingcdecisionsconcevidencecindicatingcthatcthecdecisionscarecclinicallycappropriate,cc
ost-
effective,candcresultcincpositivecclientcoutcomes.cAlthoughcallcofcthecpeopleclistedcwouldcbe
nefitcfromcthecdevelopmentcofcacscientificcbasecforcnursingcpractice,cultimatelycitciscthecclie
ntscthemselvescwhocwouldcmostcbenefit,casctheycwouldcthencreceivecthecmostcappropriateca
ndcmostceffectiveccare.
2. Ancespeciallycimportantcgoalcforcthecnursingcprofessioncisctocdocwhichcofcthecfollowing?
A) Conductcresearchctocbettercunderstandctheccontextcofcnursingcpractice
B) Establishcacsolidcbasecofcevidencecforcpracticecthroughcdisciplinedcresearch
C) Documentcthecrolecnursingcservescincsociety
D) Establishcresearchcpriorities
Ans:cBcFe
edback:
Nursescarecincreasinglycexpectedctocunderstandcandcundertakecresearchcandctocbasectheircpr
acticeconcevidencecfromcresearch.cEvidence-
basedcpracticeciscthecusecofcthecbestcevidencecincmakingcpatientccarecdecisionscandctypicall
yccomescfromcresearchcconductedcbycnursescandcotherchealth-
carecprofessionals.cAllcofcthecothercanswerscarecpossiblecgoalscforcthecnursingcprofession,cb
utcnoneciscascimportantcascestablishingcevidencecforcpractice.
3. Whichcofcthecfollowingciscacfundamentalcbeliefcofcthosecwhocholdctocthecconstructivistcpa
radigm?
A) Acfixedcrealitycexistscincnaturecforchumansctocunderstand
B) Thecnaturecofcrealitychascchangedcoverctime
C) Realityciscmultiplycconstructedcandcmultiplycinterpretedcbychumans
D) Realityccannotcbecstudiedcempirically
Ans:cCcFe
edback:
Pagec1
,Incthecconstructivistcparadigm,citciscassumedcthatcrealityciscnotcacfixedcentitycbutciscrathercacc
onstructioncofchumancminds,candcthusc“truth”ciscaccompositecofcmultiplecconstructions
Pagec2
,ofcreality.cHowever,cconstructivistscdocbelievecthatcrealityccancbecstudiedcempirically.cBeli
efcincacfixedcrealitycthatcexistscincnaturecforchumansctocunderstandcwouldcbecancexamplecofc
acpositivistcbelief,cnotcacconstructivistcone.cThecconstructivistcbeliefcdoescnotcholdcsocmuchct
hatcthecnaturecofcrealitychascchangedcoverctimecascthatcitchascalwayscbeencconstructedcbychu
mancminds.
Pagec3
, 4. Whichcofcthecfollowingciscacfundamentalcbeliefcofcthosecwhocholdctocthecpositivistcpa
radigm?
A) Thecresearcherciscobjectivecandcindependentcofcthosecbeingcstudied
B) Thecresearcherccannotcinteractcwithcthosecbeingcstudied
C) Thecresearchercinstructscthosecbeingcstudiedctocbecobjectivecincprovidingci
nformation
D) Thecdistancecbetweencthecresearchercandcthosecbeingcresearchedciscminimizedctoce
nhancecthecinteractivecprocess
Ans:cAcFe
edback:
Incthecpositivistcparadigm,citciscassumedcthatcthereciscancobjectivecrealitycandcthatcnaturalcph
enomenacarecregularcandcorderly.cIncthecconstructivistcparadigm,citciscassumedcthatcrealityc
iscnotcacfixedcentitycbutciscrathercacconstructioncofchumancminds,candcthusc“truth”ciscaccomp
ositecofcmultiplecconstructionscofcreality.
5. Whichcofcthecfollowingcattributesciscleastccharacteristiccofcthectraditionalcscientificcm
ethod?
A) Controlcovercexternalcfactors
B) Systematiccmeasurementcandcobservationcofcnaturalcphenomena
C) Testingcofchunchescdeducedcfromctheorycorcpriorcresearch
D) Emphasisconcacholisticcviewcofcacphenomenon,cstudiedcincacrichccontext
Ans:cDcFe
edback:
Quantitativecresearchc(associatedcwithcpositivism)cinvolvesctheccollectioncandcanalysiscofc
numericcinformation.cQuantitativecresearchcisctypicallycconductedcwithincthectraditionalcs
cientificcmethod,cwhichciscsystematiccandccontrolled.cQuantitativecresearcherscbasectheircf
indingsconcempiricalcevidencec(evidenceccollectedcbycwaycofcthechumancsenses)candcstrivec
forcgeneralizabilitycbeyondcacsinglecsettingcorcsituation.
Constructivistcresearcherscemphasizecunderstandingchumancexperiencecascitcisclivedct
hroughctheccollectioncandcanalysiscofcsubjective,cnarrativecmaterialscusingcflexiblecpr
ocedures;cthiscparadigmciscassociatedcwithcqualitativecresearch.
6. Empiricismcrefersctocwhichcofcthecfollowing?
A) Makingcgeneralizationscfromcspecificcobservations
B) Articulatingcacstudycpurposecinctermscofcancappropriatecclassificationcsystem
C) Gatheringcevidencecaboutcreal-worldcphenomenacthroughcthecsenses
D) Verifyingcthecassumptionsconcwhichcthecstudycwascbasedc
Ans:cC
Pagec3
