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x
Chapter 1 The Foundations of Biochemistry
x xxx x x x
Multiple Choice Questions
x x
1. Cellularxfoundations
Pages:x3-4xxDifficulty:x1 Ans:xC
Inxaxbacterialxcell,xthexDNAxisxinxthe:
A) cellxenvelope.
B) cellx membrane.
C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.
2. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x4 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xE
Axmajorxchangexoccurringxinxthex evolutionxofxeukaryotesxfromxprokaryotesxwasxthexdevelo
A) DNA.
B) xphotosyntheticx capability.
C) xplasmax membranes.
D) ribosomes.
E) thexnucleus.
3. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x4 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xB
Inxeukaryotes,xthexnucleusxisxenclosedxbyxax doublexmembranexcalledxthe:
A) cellx membrane.
B) nuclearxenvelope. @theb
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.
4. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x4 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xC
Thexdimensionsxofxlivingxcellsxarexlimited,xonxthexlowerxendxbyxthexminimumxnumberxofxbio
ryxforxfunction,xandxonxthexupperxendxbyxthexratex ofxdiffusionxofxsolutesxsuchxasxoxygen.
Exceptxforxhighlyxelongatedxcells,xtheyxusuallyxhavexlengthsxandxdiametersxinxthex rangexof:
A) 0.1xµmxtox10xµm.
B) 0.3xµmxtox30xµm.
C) 0.3xµmxtox100xµm.
D) 1xµmxtox100xµm.
E) 1xµmxtox300xµm.
,2 Chapterx1xxx ThexFoundationsxof
5. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x5 Difficulty:x 2 Ans:x B
ThexbacteriumxE.x colixrequiresxsimplexorganicxmoleculesxforxgrowthxandx energy—itxisxther
A) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) xphotoautotroph.
E) xphotoheterotroph.
6. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x10 Difficulty:x 2 Ans:x B
Whichxonexofxthexfollowingxhasxthex cellularxcomponentsxarrangedxinxorderxofx increasingxs
A) Aminoxacidx<xproteinx<x mitochondrionx<xribosome
B) Aminoxacidx<xproteinx<x ribosomex<x mitochondrion
C) Aminoxacidx<xribosomex<x proteinx<xmitochondrion
D) Proteinx<xaminoxacidx<x mitochondrionx<xribosome
E) Proteinx<xribosomex<x mitochondrionx<xaminoxacid
7. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x11 Difficulty:x 2 Ans:x A
Thexthree-
dimensionalxstructurexofxmacromoleculesxisxformedxandxmaintainedxprimarilyxthroughxnon
ns.x Whichxonexofxthexfollowingxisx notxconsideredxax noncovalentxinteraction?
A) carbon-carbonxbonds
B) hydrogenxbonds
C) hydrophobicxinteractions
D) ionicxinteractions
E) vanxderxWaalsxinteractions
8. Chemicalx foundations
Page:x12 Difficulty:x 2 Ans:x E
Whichxonexofxthexfollowingxisx notxamongxthexfourx mostxabundantxelementsxinxlivingxorgan
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) xNitrogen
D) Oxygen
E) Phosphorus
9. Chemicalx foundations
Page:x13 Difficulty:x 1 Ans:x B
Thexfourxcovalentxbondsxinxmethanex(CHx4)xarexarrangedxaroundxcarbonxtoxgivex whichxonexo
ngxgeometries?
, Chapterx1x ThexFxoundationsxofxx Bxiochemistry
10. Chemicalxfoundations
Page:x14 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xB
Whatxfunctionalxgroupsxarexpresentxonxthisxmolecule?
A) etherxandxaldehyde
B) hydroxylxandxaldehyde
C) hydroxylxandxcarboxylicxacid
D) hydroxylxandxester
E) hydroxylxandxketone
11. Chemicalxfoundations
Page:x16 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xD
Thexmacromoleculesxthatxservexinxthexstoragex andxtransmissionxofxgeneticxinformationxare:
A) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleicxacids.
E) xproteins.
12. Chemicalxfoundations
Page:x17 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xD
Stereoisomersxthatxarexnonsuperimposablexmirrorximagesxofxeachxotherx arexknownxas:
A) anomers.
B) cis-transx isomers.
C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometricxisomers.
13. Chemicalxfoundations
Page:x20 Difficulty:x3 Ans:xE
Thexenzymexfumarasexcatalyzesxthexreversiblexhydrationxofxfumaricxacidxtoxl-
malate,xbutxitxwillxnotxcatalyzexthexhydrationxofxmaleicxacid,xthexcisxisomerxofxfumaricxacid
xamplexof:
A) xbiologicalxactivity.
B) chiralxactivity.
C) racemization.
D) stereoisomerization.
E) stereospecificity.
x
Chapter 1 The Foundations of Biochemistry
x xxx x x x
Multiple Choice Questions
x x
1. Cellularxfoundations
Pages:x3-4xxDifficulty:x1 Ans:xC
Inxaxbacterialxcell,xthexDNAxisxinxthe:
A) cellxenvelope.
B) cellx membrane.
C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.
2. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x4 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xE
Axmajorxchangexoccurringxinxthex evolutionxofxeukaryotesxfromxprokaryotesxwasxthexdevelo
A) DNA.
B) xphotosyntheticx capability.
C) xplasmax membranes.
D) ribosomes.
E) thexnucleus.
3. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x4 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xB
Inxeukaryotes,xthexnucleusxisxenclosedxbyxax doublexmembranexcalledxthe:
A) cellx membrane.
B) nuclearxenvelope. @theb
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.
4. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x4 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xC
Thexdimensionsxofxlivingxcellsxarexlimited,xonxthexlowerxendxbyxthexminimumxnumberxofxbio
ryxforxfunction,xandxonxthexupperxendxbyxthexratex ofxdiffusionxofxsolutesxsuchxasxoxygen.
Exceptxforxhighlyxelongatedxcells,xtheyxusuallyxhavexlengthsxandxdiametersxinxthex rangexof:
A) 0.1xµmxtox10xµm.
B) 0.3xµmxtox30xµm.
C) 0.3xµmxtox100xµm.
D) 1xµmxtox100xµm.
E) 1xµmxtox300xµm.
,2 Chapterx1xxx ThexFoundationsxof
5. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x5 Difficulty:x 2 Ans:x B
ThexbacteriumxE.x colixrequiresxsimplexorganicxmoleculesxforxgrowthxandx energy—itxisxther
A) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) xphotoautotroph.
E) xphotoheterotroph.
6. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x10 Difficulty:x 2 Ans:x B
Whichxonexofxthexfollowingxhasxthex cellularxcomponentsxarrangedxinxorderxofx increasingxs
A) Aminoxacidx<xproteinx<x mitochondrionx<xribosome
B) Aminoxacidx<xproteinx<x ribosomex<x mitochondrion
C) Aminoxacidx<xribosomex<x proteinx<xmitochondrion
D) Proteinx<xaminoxacidx<x mitochondrionx<xribosome
E) Proteinx<xribosomex<x mitochondrionx<xaminoxacid
7. Cellularxfoundations
Page:x11 Difficulty:x 2 Ans:x A
Thexthree-
dimensionalxstructurexofxmacromoleculesxisxformedxandxmaintainedxprimarilyxthroughxnon
ns.x Whichxonexofxthexfollowingxisx notxconsideredxax noncovalentxinteraction?
A) carbon-carbonxbonds
B) hydrogenxbonds
C) hydrophobicxinteractions
D) ionicxinteractions
E) vanxderxWaalsxinteractions
8. Chemicalx foundations
Page:x12 Difficulty:x 2 Ans:x E
Whichxonexofxthexfollowingxisx notxamongxthexfourx mostxabundantxelementsxinxlivingxorgan
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) xNitrogen
D) Oxygen
E) Phosphorus
9. Chemicalx foundations
Page:x13 Difficulty:x 1 Ans:x B
Thexfourxcovalentxbondsxinxmethanex(CHx4)xarexarrangedxaroundxcarbonxtoxgivex whichxonexo
ngxgeometries?
, Chapterx1x ThexFxoundationsxofxx Bxiochemistry
10. Chemicalxfoundations
Page:x14 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xB
Whatxfunctionalxgroupsxarexpresentxonxthisxmolecule?
A) etherxandxaldehyde
B) hydroxylxandxaldehyde
C) hydroxylxandxcarboxylicxacid
D) hydroxylxandxester
E) hydroxylxandxketone
11. Chemicalxfoundations
Page:x16 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xD
Thexmacromoleculesxthatxservexinxthexstoragex andxtransmissionxofxgeneticxinformationxare:
A) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleicxacids.
E) xproteins.
12. Chemicalxfoundations
Page:x17 Difficulty:x1 Ans:xD
Stereoisomersxthatxarexnonsuperimposablexmirrorximagesxofxeachxotherx arexknownxas:
A) anomers.
B) cis-transx isomers.
C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometricxisomers.
13. Chemicalxfoundations
Page:x20 Difficulty:x3 Ans:xE
Thexenzymexfumarasexcatalyzesxthexreversiblexhydrationxofxfumaricxacidxtoxl-
malate,xbutxitxwillxnotxcatalyzexthexhydrationxofxmaleicxacid,xthexcisxisomerxofxfumaricxacid
xamplexof:
A) xbiologicalxactivity.
B) chiralxactivity.
C) racemization.
D) stereoisomerization.
E) stereospecificity.
