PULMONARY ROSH REVIEW EXAM LATEST
2024-2025 WITH 189 ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
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Terms in this set (189)
, Correct Answer ( D )
Explanation:
There are multiple causes of
bacterial pneumonia and key
characteristics of the patient's
clinical picture may help to
identify the causative organism.
Chlamydia trachomatis
pneumonia is associated with
the characteristic staccato
cough. Pneumonia due to C.
trachomatis is recognized in
most affected infants between 3
and 16 weeks of age, although
essentially all are symptomatic
before 8 weeks. Initial therapy
for chlamydial pneumonia
should be initiated on a
presumptive diagnosis, based
on clinical and radiographic
findings, until diagnostic test
results are available.Treatment is
with a macrolide antibiotic. The
American Academy of
Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on
Infectious Disease and the
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) recommend
oral azithromycin (10 mg/kg on
A 2-month-old boy
day one and then 5 mg/kg on
presents with a fever and
day two-four) for either
cough. Which of the
chlamydial pneumonia. For
following is suggestive of
chlamydial conjunctivitis,
Chlamydia pneumonia in
erythromycin should be used.
this infant?
Both erythromycin and
azithromycin are associated with
Bullous myringitis
increased risk of infantile
,Diarrhea hypertrophic pyloric stenosis,
Rusty-colored sputum particularly in infants younger
Staccato cough than two weeks.The infant's
mother and her sexual partners
should be evaluated and
treated for C. trachomatis
infection. They also should be
evaluated for other sexually
transmitted diseases.
Bullous myringitis (A) are blisters
(bullae) that are seen on the
tympanic membrane during
inspection of the middle ear.
Bullous myringitis was
previously linked to
Mycoplasma pneumoniae but it
appears, based on middle ear
aspirate culture results, that
typical acute otitis media
pathogens (S. pneumoniae) are
the most likely pathogens.
Diarrhea (B) and gastrointestinal
complaints are classically
associated with Legionella
pneumophila. Rusty-colored (C)
or bloody sputum is associated
with Streptococcus pneumoniae
infection. Patients with
Streptococ
, Correct Answer ( B )
Explanation:
Hydrocarbons (e.g. lamp oil, gasoline, lighter fluid,
turpentine, benzene, kerosene) can be aspirated
A 4-year-old is brought to
easily when ingested and may cause pneumonitis with
the emergency
volumes as low as < 1 mL. The lower viscosity
department by his parents
compounds distribute across a larger lung surface.
after they found him in the
Symptoms of aspiration are non-specific and include
backyard shed choking
grunting, gagging, choking, tachypnea, fever,
and gagging. Before this
retractions and persistent coughing. These findings
event, he was otherwise
may be delayed, so asymptomatic children should be
healthy. His temperature is
observed for several hours. The chest X-ray typically
101°F, heart rate is 95,
shows diffuse bilateral infiltrates. Airway support is
blood pressure is 100/60,
important because symptoms can evolve into
and respiratory rate 40.
respiratory failure. Hydrocarbons cause acute
On exam, he appears
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by inactivation
sleepy but continues to
of type II pneumocytes, which leads to surfactant
cough. Pulmonary findings
deficiency.
include moderate
retractions and diffuse
Foreign body aspiration (A) can cause similar
wheezes. A chest X-ray
respiratory symptoms, but the chest X-ray will either
shows patchy infiltrates.
be normal or show a foreign body if it is radio-
What is the most likely
opaque. Organophosphate ingestion (C) can cause
diagnosis?
bronchospasm, but symptoms are not limited to the
respiratory tract and include diarrhea, urination,
Foreign body aspiration
miosis, emesis, lacrimation and salivation. An
Hydrocarbon ingestion
individual with status asthmaticus can have similar
Organophosphate
respiratory symptoms, but the fever and chest X-ray
ingestion
findings are inconsistent with the disease process. This
Status asthmaticus
patient has no history of wheezing, and status
asthmaticus (D) generally has a more insidious onset.
During an asthma exacerbation, the chest X-ray may
show hyperinflation of the lungs, not patchy infiltrates.
2024-2025 WITH 189 ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+ 100% GUARANTEED PASS!
Practice questions for this set
Learn
Studied 7 terms
Nice work, you're crushing it
Continue studying in Learn
Terms in this set (189)
, Correct Answer ( D )
Explanation:
There are multiple causes of
bacterial pneumonia and key
characteristics of the patient's
clinical picture may help to
identify the causative organism.
Chlamydia trachomatis
pneumonia is associated with
the characteristic staccato
cough. Pneumonia due to C.
trachomatis is recognized in
most affected infants between 3
and 16 weeks of age, although
essentially all are symptomatic
before 8 weeks. Initial therapy
for chlamydial pneumonia
should be initiated on a
presumptive diagnosis, based
on clinical and radiographic
findings, until diagnostic test
results are available.Treatment is
with a macrolide antibiotic. The
American Academy of
Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on
Infectious Disease and the
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) recommend
oral azithromycin (10 mg/kg on
A 2-month-old boy
day one and then 5 mg/kg on
presents with a fever and
day two-four) for either
cough. Which of the
chlamydial pneumonia. For
following is suggestive of
chlamydial conjunctivitis,
Chlamydia pneumonia in
erythromycin should be used.
this infant?
Both erythromycin and
azithromycin are associated with
Bullous myringitis
increased risk of infantile
,Diarrhea hypertrophic pyloric stenosis,
Rusty-colored sputum particularly in infants younger
Staccato cough than two weeks.The infant's
mother and her sexual partners
should be evaluated and
treated for C. trachomatis
infection. They also should be
evaluated for other sexually
transmitted diseases.
Bullous myringitis (A) are blisters
(bullae) that are seen on the
tympanic membrane during
inspection of the middle ear.
Bullous myringitis was
previously linked to
Mycoplasma pneumoniae but it
appears, based on middle ear
aspirate culture results, that
typical acute otitis media
pathogens (S. pneumoniae) are
the most likely pathogens.
Diarrhea (B) and gastrointestinal
complaints are classically
associated with Legionella
pneumophila. Rusty-colored (C)
or bloody sputum is associated
with Streptococcus pneumoniae
infection. Patients with
Streptococ
, Correct Answer ( B )
Explanation:
Hydrocarbons (e.g. lamp oil, gasoline, lighter fluid,
turpentine, benzene, kerosene) can be aspirated
A 4-year-old is brought to
easily when ingested and may cause pneumonitis with
the emergency
volumes as low as < 1 mL. The lower viscosity
department by his parents
compounds distribute across a larger lung surface.
after they found him in the
Symptoms of aspiration are non-specific and include
backyard shed choking
grunting, gagging, choking, tachypnea, fever,
and gagging. Before this
retractions and persistent coughing. These findings
event, he was otherwise
may be delayed, so asymptomatic children should be
healthy. His temperature is
observed for several hours. The chest X-ray typically
101°F, heart rate is 95,
shows diffuse bilateral infiltrates. Airway support is
blood pressure is 100/60,
important because symptoms can evolve into
and respiratory rate 40.
respiratory failure. Hydrocarbons cause acute
On exam, he appears
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by inactivation
sleepy but continues to
of type II pneumocytes, which leads to surfactant
cough. Pulmonary findings
deficiency.
include moderate
retractions and diffuse
Foreign body aspiration (A) can cause similar
wheezes. A chest X-ray
respiratory symptoms, but the chest X-ray will either
shows patchy infiltrates.
be normal or show a foreign body if it is radio-
What is the most likely
opaque. Organophosphate ingestion (C) can cause
diagnosis?
bronchospasm, but symptoms are not limited to the
respiratory tract and include diarrhea, urination,
Foreign body aspiration
miosis, emesis, lacrimation and salivation. An
Hydrocarbon ingestion
individual with status asthmaticus can have similar
Organophosphate
respiratory symptoms, but the fever and chest X-ray
ingestion
findings are inconsistent with the disease process. This
Status asthmaticus
patient has no history of wheezing, and status
asthmaticus (D) generally has a more insidious onset.
During an asthma exacerbation, the chest X-ray may
show hyperinflation of the lungs, not patchy infiltrates.
