WGU D265 Critical Thinking: Reason and IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Evidence Exam Questions and answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
already passed 100%
IIll IIll IIll
"A recent study found that dairy milk is healthier than soy milk. But that finding is
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
obviously false because the study was conducted by the dairy industry."
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which fallacy of relevance is depicted in this example?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Post hoc ergo propter
IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Irrelevant appeal
IIll IIll
- Begging the question
IIll IIll IIll
- Genetic fallacy - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Genetic fallacy IIll
"If you are not at the game rooting for our high school football team, then you must
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
not have any school spirit."
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which two statements accurately describe this argument? Choose 2 answers.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument includes a false dichotomy..
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument assumes the truth of the conclusion in the premise.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument contains black-and-white thinking.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument mistakes causation for correlation. - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll - The IIll
argument includes a false dichotomy.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument contains black-and-white thinking.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
"Since we cannot go out until the restaurant opens, and given that we are trying to
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
save money, we should just hang out here until closer to dinner."
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which statements are the premises of the following argument? Choose 2 answers.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We cannot go out until the restaurant opens.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We are trying to save money.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We should just hang out here until closer to dinner.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We can have a good time without spending money. - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll - We IIll
cannot go out until the restaurant opens.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We are trying to save money.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
A formal fallacy concerns _______, but an informal fallacy concerns _______. -
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Correct Answers the structure of an argument
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
By definition, a formal fallacy concerns the structure of an argument and an informal
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
fallacy concerns the information contained in the argument's structure.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
IIll A formal fallacy is a type of _______. - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Bad argument structure IIll IIll
,Formality is associated with structure. IIll IIll IIll IIll
A military veteran is engaged in a heated debate about national security with a
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
reporter who has never served in the military.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which response best enables the veteran to undermine the reporter's argument?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Pointing out that the premise of the reporter's argument is flawed
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Pointing out the reporter's well-known reputation for taking faulty positions
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Pointing out the reporter's affiliation with news networks that are known to have a
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
political slant to their coverage
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Pointing out that the reporter has never served in the military - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Pointing out that the premise of the reporter's argument is flawed
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
A pen is a writing utensil. Sometimes, animals are kept in a pen. Thus, sometimes,
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
animals are kept in a writing utensil.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
What fallacy is found in this argument?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The IIll IIll fallacy of equivocation IIll IIll
- The IIll IIll fallacy of begging the question IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The IIll IIll fallacy of sweeping generalization IIll IIll IIll
- The IIll IIll appeal to popularity fallacy - Correct Answers IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll The fallacy of equivocation
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Ad Hominem Fallacy (Latin for "to the man") - Correct Answers A fallacy of logic in
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
which a person's character or motive is attacked instead of the person's argument
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Aircraft and ships have gone missing all over the planet under unknown
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
circumstances, but a number of these disappearances have occurred in an area of the
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
North Atlantic Ocean known as the Bermuda Triangle. So the claim that the Bermuda
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Triangle is haunted must be true.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which fallacy of weak induction best describes this argument?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Burden of proof shifting
IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Slippery slope
IIll IIll
- Appeal to ignorance
IIll IIll IIll
- Texas sharpshooter - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Texas sharpshooter IIll
Algorithm bubble - Correct Answers The curated and personalized version of online
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
reality that a website shows you when you log on.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Alief - Correct Answers An automatic belief-like attitude that can explain how our
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
instinctual responses can conflict with our reasoned-out beliefs.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
All dogs are cute. Ginger is a dog. Therefore, Ginger is cute.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which type of reasoning is illustrated in this example?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Deductive
IIll
, - Invalid
IIll
- Inductive
IIll
- Abductive - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Deductive
All dogs can fly. Ginger is a dog. Therefore, Ginger can fly.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which types of reasoning are illustrated in this example? Choose 2 answers.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Deductive
IIll
- ValidIIll
- True IIll
- Sound - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll - Deductive IIll
- ValidIIll
An individual drops hundreds of objects, and each time they fall to the ground. The
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
individual therefore concludes that if someone drops a pencil, it will fall.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which terms describe the argument? Choose 2 answers.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Deductive
IIll
- ValidIIll
- Strong
IIll
- Cogent - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll - Strong IIll
- Cogent
IIll
appeal to authority fallacy - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll error of accepting a claim merely IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
because an authority figure endorses it
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
appeal to consequences fallacy - Correct Answers when one appeals to the bad (or
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
good) consequences of accepting a claim as a reason to reject (or accept) it as true.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
appeal to force (fallacy of relevance) - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll when one uses a threat to IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
compel agreement with one's claim
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Appeal to Popularity Fallacy - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Arguing that a claim must be true IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
because lots of people believe it.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Availability heuristic - Correct Answers A process where in the mind generalizes
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
based on what is available to it rather than on what is objectively true.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Bad inferential structure - Correct Answers Every argument with the same structure
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
as this argument is bad (invalid or weak). The premises do not, in fact, demonstrate or
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
maybe even support the conclusion. In other words, we can accept the premises as
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
true without being compelled to accept the conclusion. There is something wrong with
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
this argument's general structure.
IIll IIll IIll IIll
Because flying cars will relieve traffic congestion, and since the research and
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
development of such vehicles will be expensive, it follows that the government should
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Evidence Exam Questions and answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
already passed 100%
IIll IIll IIll
"A recent study found that dairy milk is healthier than soy milk. But that finding is
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
obviously false because the study was conducted by the dairy industry."
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which fallacy of relevance is depicted in this example?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Post hoc ergo propter
IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Irrelevant appeal
IIll IIll
- Begging the question
IIll IIll IIll
- Genetic fallacy - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Genetic fallacy IIll
"If you are not at the game rooting for our high school football team, then you must
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
not have any school spirit."
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which two statements accurately describe this argument? Choose 2 answers.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument includes a false dichotomy..
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument assumes the truth of the conclusion in the premise.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument contains black-and-white thinking.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument mistakes causation for correlation. - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll - The IIll
argument includes a false dichotomy.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The argument contains black-and-white thinking.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
"Since we cannot go out until the restaurant opens, and given that we are trying to
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
save money, we should just hang out here until closer to dinner."
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which statements are the premises of the following argument? Choose 2 answers.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We cannot go out until the restaurant opens.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We are trying to save money.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We should just hang out here until closer to dinner.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We can have a good time without spending money. - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll - We IIll
cannot go out until the restaurant opens.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- We are trying to save money.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
A formal fallacy concerns _______, but an informal fallacy concerns _______. -
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Correct Answers the structure of an argument
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
By definition, a formal fallacy concerns the structure of an argument and an informal
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
fallacy concerns the information contained in the argument's structure.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
IIll A formal fallacy is a type of _______. - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Bad argument structure IIll IIll
,Formality is associated with structure. IIll IIll IIll IIll
A military veteran is engaged in a heated debate about national security with a
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
reporter who has never served in the military.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which response best enables the veteran to undermine the reporter's argument?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Pointing out that the premise of the reporter's argument is flawed
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Pointing out the reporter's well-known reputation for taking faulty positions
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Pointing out the reporter's affiliation with news networks that are known to have a
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
political slant to their coverage
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Pointing out that the reporter has never served in the military - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Pointing out that the premise of the reporter's argument is flawed
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
A pen is a writing utensil. Sometimes, animals are kept in a pen. Thus, sometimes,
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
animals are kept in a writing utensil.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
What fallacy is found in this argument?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The IIll IIll fallacy of equivocation IIll IIll
- The IIll IIll fallacy of begging the question IIll IIll IIll IIll
- The IIll IIll fallacy of sweeping generalization IIll IIll IIll
- The IIll IIll appeal to popularity fallacy - Correct Answers IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll The fallacy of equivocation
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Ad Hominem Fallacy (Latin for "to the man") - Correct Answers A fallacy of logic in
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
which a person's character or motive is attacked instead of the person's argument
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Aircraft and ships have gone missing all over the planet under unknown
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
circumstances, but a number of these disappearances have occurred in an area of the
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
North Atlantic Ocean known as the Bermuda Triangle. So the claim that the Bermuda
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Triangle is haunted must be true.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which fallacy of weak induction best describes this argument?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Burden of proof shifting
IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Slippery slope
IIll IIll
- Appeal to ignorance
IIll IIll IIll
- Texas sharpshooter - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Texas sharpshooter IIll
Algorithm bubble - Correct Answers The curated and personalized version of online
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
reality that a website shows you when you log on.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Alief - Correct Answers An automatic belief-like attitude that can explain how our
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
instinctual responses can conflict with our reasoned-out beliefs.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
All dogs are cute. Ginger is a dog. Therefore, Ginger is cute.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which type of reasoning is illustrated in this example?
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Deductive
IIll
, - Invalid
IIll
- Inductive
IIll
- Abductive - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Deductive
All dogs can fly. Ginger is a dog. Therefore, Ginger can fly.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which types of reasoning are illustrated in this example? Choose 2 answers.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Deductive
IIll
- ValidIIll
- True IIll
- Sound - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll - Deductive IIll
- ValidIIll
An individual drops hundreds of objects, and each time they fall to the ground. The
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
individual therefore concludes that if someone drops a pencil, it will fall.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Which terms describe the argument? Choose 2 answers.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
- Deductive
IIll
- ValidIIll
- Strong
IIll
- Cogent - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll - Strong IIll
- Cogent
IIll
appeal to authority fallacy - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll error of accepting a claim merely IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
because an authority figure endorses it
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
appeal to consequences fallacy - Correct Answers when one appeals to the bad (or
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
good) consequences of accepting a claim as a reason to reject (or accept) it as true.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
appeal to force (fallacy of relevance) - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll when one uses a threat to IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
compel agreement with one's claim
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Appeal to Popularity Fallacy - Correct Answers
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll Arguing that a claim must be true IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
because lots of people believe it.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Availability heuristic - Correct Answers A process where in the mind generalizes
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
based on what is available to it rather than on what is objectively true.
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
Bad inferential structure - Correct Answers Every argument with the same structure
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
as this argument is bad (invalid or weak). The premises do not, in fact, demonstrate or
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
maybe even support the conclusion. In other words, we can accept the premises as
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
true without being compelled to accept the conclusion. There is something wrong with
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
this argument's general structure.
IIll IIll IIll IIll
Because flying cars will relieve traffic congestion, and since the research and
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
development of such vehicles will be expensive, it follows that the government should
IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll IIll
