AnatomyNofN OrofacialNStructuresN8thNEditionNBrandNTes
tNBank
TEST BANK for Anatomy of Orofacial Structures-
N N N N N N
ComprehensiveApproach 8th Edition Brand Isselhar
N N N N N
d.
Chapter 01: Oral Cavity
N N N
Brand/Isselhard: Anatomy of Orofacial Structures, 8th Edition
N N N N N N
MULTIPLENCHOICE
10. WhichNstructureNisNtheNMOSTNvascularNinNappearance?
a. MucogingivalNjunction
b. AlveolarNmucosa
c. LabialNfrenum
d. Gingiva
ANS:NB
TheNalveolarNmucosa,NaNthinNlayerNofNlooselyNattachedNandNmovableNtissue,NcoversNaNhighlyNv
ascularNarea.NTheNpresenceNofNbloodNvesselsNimmediatelyNunderNthisNrelativelyNthinNmucosaNi
sNresponsibleNforNtheNgeneralNreddishNcolor.NByNcontrast,NtheNmucogingivalNjunctionNthatNdivi
desNtheNattachedNgingivaNfromNtheNalveolarNmucosaNappearsNmoreNpinkNinNcolor.NTheNgingivaN
andNlabialNfrenumNalsoNappearNpinkNinNcolor.
REF:Np.N2
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNtermsNvestibule,NoralNcavityNproper,NmucobuccalNfold,Nfrenum,NalveolarNmucosa,N
gingiva,Nexostoses,NtorusNpalatinus,NandNtorusNmandibularis
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:NoralNc
avity.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
11. AlthoughNaNpatientNpresentingNwithNpainfulNareasNthroughoutNtheNoralNcavityNorNaNchildNpresent
ingNwithNgingivalNbleedingNinNtheNpresenceNofNexcellentNoralNhygieneNshouldNbeNmonitoredNca
refully,NreferralNtoNaNdentalNspecialistNorNphysicianNisNnotNindicated.NANpatientNwithNaNredNandNp
ainfulNtongueNdoesNwarrantNsuchNaNreferralNasNdoesNaNpatientNwithNmoderateNplaqueNonNallNteet
h.
a. BothNstatementsNareNtrue.
b. TheNfirstNstatementNisNtrue;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNfalse.
c. TheNfirstNstatementNisNfalse,NtheNsecondNstatementNisNtrue.
d. BothNstatementsNareNfalse.
ANS:ND
OfNtheNfourNsituationsNpresentedNinNthisNtwo-
partNquestion,NonlyNtheNpatientNwithNmoderateNplaqueNonNallNteethNdoesNNOTNwarrantNref
erralNtoNaNspecialist.NThisNpatientNshouldNreceive
, AnatomyNofN OrofacialNStructuresN8thNEditionNBrandNTes
tNBank
appropriateNoralNhygieneNinstructions,NoralNdebridement,NandNbeNcarefullyNmonitoredNwithNsho
rtNre-
careNappointments.NTheNremainingNthreeNoralNconditionsNdescribedNinNtheNquestionNdescribeNc
onditionsNsuggestiveNofNsystemicNinvolvementNandNwarrantNfurtherNinvestigation,NtypicallyNref
erralNtoNaNdentalNspecialistNorNphysician.NInNparticular,NgingivalNbleedingNinNtheNpresenceNofNex
cellentNoralNhygieneNisNaNpossibleNearlyNsignNofNleukemia.
REF:Np.N8
OBJ:NToNdifferentiateNnormalNfromNabnormalNanatomyNinNtheNoralNcavityNandNtoNensureNaNfollow
-upNexamination
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.1.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNandNdentalNanatomy,NphysiologyNandNdevelopme
nt,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:NoralNcavity. TOP:NBLOOM:NAnalyzing
1. ANdiastemaNisNaNspaceNbetweenNtwoNteethNinNtheNsameNarch.NWhenNthisNoccursNbetweenNt
heNmaxillaryNcentralNincisors,NitNisNoftenNtheNresultNofNaNpronouncedNlabialNfrenum.Na.NBot
hNstatementsNareNtrue.
b. TheNfirstNstatementNisNtrue;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNfalse.
c. TheNfirstNstatementNisNfalse;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNtrue.
d. BothNstatementsNareNfalse.
ANS:NA
ANspace,NorNlackNofNcontactNarea,NbetweenNanyNtwoNteethNinNtheNsameNarchNisNcalledNaNdiaste
ma.NWhenNaNdiastemaNoccursNbetweenNtheNmaxillaryNcentralNincisors,NitNisNoftenNtheNresultNofN
aNpronouncedNlabialNfrenumNextendingNtoNtheNcrestNofNtheNalveolarNridgeNandNpossiblyNoverNt
heNridge.NThisNbandNofNfirmNconnectiveNtissueNcausesNtheNeruptingNincisorsNtoNbeNpushedNasid
eNresultingNinNaNdiastema,NorNspace.NCorrectionNofNaNdiastemaNusuallyNinvolvesNsurgicalNremo
val,NorNcutting,NofNtheNfrenalNtissueNbetweenNteeth.
REF:Np.N3
OBJ:NToNdescribeNtheNboundariesNandNsub-
boundariesNofNtheNoralNcavityNandNtheNstructuresNinNeachNarea
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:NoralNc
avity.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
2. TorusNpalatinusNisNseenNonNthe
a. softNpalate
b. hardNpalate
c. alveolarNridge
d. oralNpharynx
ANS:NB
TorusNpalatinusNisNexcessNboneNgrowthNandNoccursNinNtheNmidlineNofNtheNhardNpalate.NItNma
yNgrowNtoNvaryingNsizesNandNisNgenerallyNonlyNaNproblemNwhenNtheNconstructionNofNaNmaxil
laryNdentureNisNnecessary.NInNhealth,NsuchNbonyNprotuberances,NorNexcessNboneNgrowths,NdoN
notNoccurNonNtheNsoftNpalate,NalveolarNridge,NorNoralNpharynx.
REF:Np.N5
, AnatomyNofN OrofacialNStructuresN8thNEditionNBrandNTes
tNBank
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNtermsNvestibule,NoralNcavityNproper,NmucobuccalNfold,Nfrenum,NalveolarNmucosa,N
gingiva,Nexostoses,NtorusNpalatinus,NandNtorusNmandibularis
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.2.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNt
o:Nbones.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
3. ContractionNofNwhichNmuscleNraisesNtheNtongueNupward?
a. Mylohyoid
b. Palatopharyngeal
c. Palatoglossal
d. LevatorNglossal
ANS:NA
ContractionNofNtheNmylohyoidNmuscleNraisesNtheNtongue.NTheNpalatopharyngealNmuscleNandNt
heNpalatoglossalNmuscleNformNtheNposterolateralNbordersNofNtheNoralNcavity.NThereNisNnotNaNmu
scleNbyNtheNnameNofNlevatorNglossal.
REF:Np.N7
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNlandmarksNinNtheNfloorNofNtheNmouthNandNtheNhardNandNsoftNpalateNand
NtheN
structuresNthatNformNthem
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.4.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNt
o:Nmuscles.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
4. TheNoralNvestibuleNisNpartiallyNborderedNbyNtheNlipsNandNcheeks.NTheNoralNcavityNprop
erNextendsNposteriorlyNtoNtheNsoftNpalate.Na.N BothNstatementsNareNtrue.
b. TheNfirstNstatementNisNtrue;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNfalse.
c. TheNfirstNstatementNisNfalse;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNtrue.
d. BothNstatementsNareNfalse.
ANS:NB
TheNoralNvestibuleNisNtheNspaceNorNpotentialNspaceNthatNexistsNbetweenNtheNlipsNorNcheeksNand
Nteeth.NInNanNedentulousNperson,NtheNvestibuleNwouldNextendNbetweenNtheNlipsNorNcheeksNandN
theNalveolarNridges.NTheNoralNcavityNproperNisNsurroundedNbyNteethNorNalveolarNridgesNandNext
endsNallNtheNwayNbackNtoNtheNpalatineNtonsils.NThisNincludesNtheNregionNfromNtheNfloorNofNtheN
mouthNupwardNtoNtheNhardNandNsoftNpalates.
REF:Np.N2
OBJ:NToNdescribeNtheNboundariesNandNsub-
boundariesNofNtheNoralNcavityNandNtheNstructuresNinNeachNarea
, AnatomyNofN OrofacialNStructuresN8thNEditionNBrandNTes
tNBank
N
NAT:N CDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentify bUas
R ic oIr al aGna t
S N T
N
N N N NNN NNN o
Bm.yCandMphysiology, including but not limited to: oral cavity. TOP:
N N N N N N N N
BLOOM:
NRemembering
5. EachNofNtheNfollowingNisNtrueNofNtheNuvulaNEXCEPTNone.NWhichNoneNisNtheNEXCEPTION?
a. ItNisNlocatedNatNtheNmostNposteriorNportionNofNtheNhardNpalate.
b. ItNisNlocatedNatNtheNmidline.
c. ItNisNaNdownwardlyNprojectingNmuscle.
d. ItNisNnecessaryNforNswallowing.
ANS:ND
TheNuvulaNisNaNdownwardlyNprojectingNmuscularNtissueNlocatedNatNtheNmidlineNofNtheNmo
stNposteriorNportionNofNtheNhardNpalate.NItNisNNOTNnecessaryNforNswallowing.
REF:Np.N6
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNlandmarksNinNtheNfloorNofNtheNmouthNandNtheNhardNandNsoftNpalateNandNtheNstr
ucturesNthatNformNthem
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:N
oralNcavity.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
6. TheNcircumvallateNpapillaeNareNlocatedNonNtheNhardNpalate,NbuccalNmucosa,NandNfloorNofNt
heNmouth.NTheNpapillaeNfoundNonNtheNtongueNareNtheNfiliform,Nfungiform,Nvallate,Nfoliate,N
andNincisive.
a. BothNstatementsNareNtrue.
b. TheNfirstNstatementNisNtrue;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNfalse.
c. TheNfirstNstatementNisNfalse;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNtrue.
d. BothNstatementsNareNfalse.
ANS:ND
AllNpapillaeNlistedNinNbothNstatementsNareNlocatedNonNtheNtongueNwithNtheNexceptionNofNtheNinc
isiveNpapilla,NwhichNisNlocatedNonNtheNhardNpalate.NNoteNthatNtheNincisiveNpapillaNisNaNsingularNs
tructure,NthusNtheNdifferentNspelling.NThereNareNnoNpapillaeNlocatedNonNeitherNtheNbuccalNmuco
saNorNtheNfloorNofNtheNmouth.
REF:Np.N7
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNlandmarksNinNtheNfloorNofNtheNmouthNandNtheNhardNandNsoftNpalateNandNtheNstr
ucturesNthatNformNthem
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:NoralNc
avity.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
7. EachNofNtheNfollowingNstructuresNcanNreadilyNbeNviewedNwhenNexaminingNtheNoralNcavi
tyNEXCEPTNone.NWhichNoneNisNtheNEXCEPTION?Na.NFoveaNpalatinae
b. TonsillarNpillars
c. LaryngealNpharynx
tNBank
TEST BANK for Anatomy of Orofacial Structures-
N N N N N N
ComprehensiveApproach 8th Edition Brand Isselhar
N N N N N
d.
Chapter 01: Oral Cavity
N N N
Brand/Isselhard: Anatomy of Orofacial Structures, 8th Edition
N N N N N N
MULTIPLENCHOICE
10. WhichNstructureNisNtheNMOSTNvascularNinNappearance?
a. MucogingivalNjunction
b. AlveolarNmucosa
c. LabialNfrenum
d. Gingiva
ANS:NB
TheNalveolarNmucosa,NaNthinNlayerNofNlooselyNattachedNandNmovableNtissue,NcoversNaNhighlyNv
ascularNarea.NTheNpresenceNofNbloodNvesselsNimmediatelyNunderNthisNrelativelyNthinNmucosaNi
sNresponsibleNforNtheNgeneralNreddishNcolor.NByNcontrast,NtheNmucogingivalNjunctionNthatNdivi
desNtheNattachedNgingivaNfromNtheNalveolarNmucosaNappearsNmoreNpinkNinNcolor.NTheNgingivaN
andNlabialNfrenumNalsoNappearNpinkNinNcolor.
REF:Np.N2
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNtermsNvestibule,NoralNcavityNproper,NmucobuccalNfold,Nfrenum,NalveolarNmucosa,N
gingiva,Nexostoses,NtorusNpalatinus,NandNtorusNmandibularis
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:NoralNc
avity.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
11. AlthoughNaNpatientNpresentingNwithNpainfulNareasNthroughoutNtheNoralNcavityNorNaNchildNpresent
ingNwithNgingivalNbleedingNinNtheNpresenceNofNexcellentNoralNhygieneNshouldNbeNmonitoredNca
refully,NreferralNtoNaNdentalNspecialistNorNphysicianNisNnotNindicated.NANpatientNwithNaNredNandNp
ainfulNtongueNdoesNwarrantNsuchNaNreferralNasNdoesNaNpatientNwithNmoderateNplaqueNonNallNteet
h.
a. BothNstatementsNareNtrue.
b. TheNfirstNstatementNisNtrue;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNfalse.
c. TheNfirstNstatementNisNfalse,NtheNsecondNstatementNisNtrue.
d. BothNstatementsNareNfalse.
ANS:ND
OfNtheNfourNsituationsNpresentedNinNthisNtwo-
partNquestion,NonlyNtheNpatientNwithNmoderateNplaqueNonNallNteethNdoesNNOTNwarrantNref
erralNtoNaNspecialist.NThisNpatientNshouldNreceive
, AnatomyNofN OrofacialNStructuresN8thNEditionNBrandNTes
tNBank
appropriateNoralNhygieneNinstructions,NoralNdebridement,NandNbeNcarefullyNmonitoredNwithNsho
rtNre-
careNappointments.NTheNremainingNthreeNoralNconditionsNdescribedNinNtheNquestionNdescribeNc
onditionsNsuggestiveNofNsystemicNinvolvementNandNwarrantNfurtherNinvestigation,NtypicallyNref
erralNtoNaNdentalNspecialistNorNphysician.NInNparticular,NgingivalNbleedingNinNtheNpresenceNofNex
cellentNoralNhygieneNisNaNpossibleNearlyNsignNofNleukemia.
REF:Np.N8
OBJ:NToNdifferentiateNnormalNfromNabnormalNanatomyNinNtheNoralNcavityNandNtoNensureNaNfollow
-upNexamination
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.1.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNandNdentalNanatomy,NphysiologyNandNdevelopme
nt,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:NoralNcavity. TOP:NBLOOM:NAnalyzing
1. ANdiastemaNisNaNspaceNbetweenNtwoNteethNinNtheNsameNarch.NWhenNthisNoccursNbetweenNt
heNmaxillaryNcentralNincisors,NitNisNoftenNtheNresultNofNaNpronouncedNlabialNfrenum.Na.NBot
hNstatementsNareNtrue.
b. TheNfirstNstatementNisNtrue;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNfalse.
c. TheNfirstNstatementNisNfalse;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNtrue.
d. BothNstatementsNareNfalse.
ANS:NA
ANspace,NorNlackNofNcontactNarea,NbetweenNanyNtwoNteethNinNtheNsameNarchNisNcalledNaNdiaste
ma.NWhenNaNdiastemaNoccursNbetweenNtheNmaxillaryNcentralNincisors,NitNisNoftenNtheNresultNofN
aNpronouncedNlabialNfrenumNextendingNtoNtheNcrestNofNtheNalveolarNridgeNandNpossiblyNoverNt
heNridge.NThisNbandNofNfirmNconnectiveNtissueNcausesNtheNeruptingNincisorsNtoNbeNpushedNasid
eNresultingNinNaNdiastema,NorNspace.NCorrectionNofNaNdiastemaNusuallyNinvolvesNsurgicalNremo
val,NorNcutting,NofNtheNfrenalNtissueNbetweenNteeth.
REF:Np.N3
OBJ:NToNdescribeNtheNboundariesNandNsub-
boundariesNofNtheNoralNcavityNandNtheNstructuresNinNeachNarea
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:NoralNc
avity.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
2. TorusNpalatinusNisNseenNonNthe
a. softNpalate
b. hardNpalate
c. alveolarNridge
d. oralNpharynx
ANS:NB
TorusNpalatinusNisNexcessNboneNgrowthNandNoccursNinNtheNmidlineNofNtheNhardNpalate.NItNma
yNgrowNtoNvaryingNsizesNandNisNgenerallyNonlyNaNproblemNwhenNtheNconstructionNofNaNmaxil
laryNdentureNisNnecessary.NInNhealth,NsuchNbonyNprotuberances,NorNexcessNboneNgrowths,NdoN
notNoccurNonNtheNsoftNpalate,NalveolarNridge,NorNoralNpharynx.
REF:Np.N5
, AnatomyNofN OrofacialNStructuresN8thNEditionNBrandNTes
tNBank
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNtermsNvestibule,NoralNcavityNproper,NmucobuccalNfold,Nfrenum,NalveolarNmucosa,N
gingiva,Nexostoses,NtorusNpalatinus,NandNtorusNmandibularis
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.2.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNt
o:Nbones.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
3. ContractionNofNwhichNmuscleNraisesNtheNtongueNupward?
a. Mylohyoid
b. Palatopharyngeal
c. Palatoglossal
d. LevatorNglossal
ANS:NA
ContractionNofNtheNmylohyoidNmuscleNraisesNtheNtongue.NTheNpalatopharyngealNmuscleNandNt
heNpalatoglossalNmuscleNformNtheNposterolateralNbordersNofNtheNoralNcavity.NThereNisNnotNaNmu
scleNbyNtheNnameNofNlevatorNglossal.
REF:Np.N7
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNlandmarksNinNtheNfloorNofNtheNmouthNandNtheNhardNandNsoftNpalateNand
NtheN
structuresNthatNformNthem
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.4.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNt
o:Nmuscles.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
4. TheNoralNvestibuleNisNpartiallyNborderedNbyNtheNlipsNandNcheeks.NTheNoralNcavityNprop
erNextendsNposteriorlyNtoNtheNsoftNpalate.Na.N BothNstatementsNareNtrue.
b. TheNfirstNstatementNisNtrue;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNfalse.
c. TheNfirstNstatementNisNfalse;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNtrue.
d. BothNstatementsNareNfalse.
ANS:NB
TheNoralNvestibuleNisNtheNspaceNorNpotentialNspaceNthatNexistsNbetweenNtheNlipsNorNcheeksNand
Nteeth.NInNanNedentulousNperson,NtheNvestibuleNwouldNextendNbetweenNtheNlipsNorNcheeksNandN
theNalveolarNridges.NTheNoralNcavityNproperNisNsurroundedNbyNteethNorNalveolarNridgesNandNext
endsNallNtheNwayNbackNtoNtheNpalatineNtonsils.NThisNincludesNtheNregionNfromNtheNfloorNofNtheN
mouthNupwardNtoNtheNhardNandNsoftNpalates.
REF:Np.N2
OBJ:NToNdescribeNtheNboundariesNandNsub-
boundariesNofNtheNoralNcavityNandNtheNstructuresNinNeachNarea
, AnatomyNofN OrofacialNStructuresN8thNEditionNBrandNTes
tNBank
N
NAT:N CDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentify bUas
R ic oIr al aGna t
S N T
N
N N N NNN NNN o
Bm.yCandMphysiology, including but not limited to: oral cavity. TOP:
N N N N N N N N
BLOOM:
NRemembering
5. EachNofNtheNfollowingNisNtrueNofNtheNuvulaNEXCEPTNone.NWhichNoneNisNtheNEXCEPTION?
a. ItNisNlocatedNatNtheNmostNposteriorNportionNofNtheNhardNpalate.
b. ItNisNlocatedNatNtheNmidline.
c. ItNisNaNdownwardlyNprojectingNmuscle.
d. ItNisNnecessaryNforNswallowing.
ANS:ND
TheNuvulaNisNaNdownwardlyNprojectingNmuscularNtissueNlocatedNatNtheNmidlineNofNtheNmo
stNposteriorNportionNofNtheNhardNpalate.NItNisNNOTNnecessaryNforNswallowing.
REF:Np.N6
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNlandmarksNinNtheNfloorNofNtheNmouthNandNtheNhardNandNsoftNpalateNandNtheNstr
ucturesNthatNformNthem
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:N
oralNcavity.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
6. TheNcircumvallateNpapillaeNareNlocatedNonNtheNhardNpalate,NbuccalNmucosa,NandNfloorNofNt
heNmouth.NTheNpapillaeNfoundNonNtheNtongueNareNtheNfiliform,Nfungiform,Nvallate,Nfoliate,N
andNincisive.
a. BothNstatementsNareNtrue.
b. TheNfirstNstatementNisNtrue;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNfalse.
c. TheNfirstNstatementNisNfalse;NtheNsecondNstatementNisNtrue.
d. BothNstatementsNareNfalse.
ANS:ND
AllNpapillaeNlistedNinNbothNstatementsNareNlocatedNonNtheNtongueNwithNtheNexceptionNofNtheNinc
isiveNpapilla,NwhichNisNlocatedNonNtheNhardNpalate.NNoteNthatNtheNincisiveNpapillaNisNaNsingularNs
tructure,NthusNtheNdifferentNspelling.NThereNareNnoNpapillaeNlocatedNonNeitherNtheNbuccalNmuco
saNorNtheNfloorNofNtheNmouth.
REF:Np.N7
OBJ:NToNdefineNtheNlandmarksNinNtheNfloorNofNtheNmouthNandNtheNhardNandNsoftNpalateNandNtheNstr
ucturesNthatNformNthem
NAT:NCDA:NGCNI.A.6.NIdentifyNbasicNoralNanatomyNandNphysiology,NincludingNbutNnotNlimitedNto:NoralNc
avity.NTOP:NBLOOM:NRemembering
7. EachNofNtheNfollowingNstructuresNcanNreadilyNbeNviewedNwhenNexaminingNtheNoralNcavi
tyNEXCEPTNone.NWhichNoneNisNtheNEXCEPTION?Na.NFoveaNpalatinae
b. TonsillarNpillars
c. LaryngealNpharynx