NURS 354 ADULT FINAL QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
risk factors for the development of a UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-female
diabetes
pregnancy
neurologic disorders
gout
altered mental states
immunosuppression
obstructed urinary flow (congenital abnormalities, etc)
catheterization
calculi
manifestations of a lower UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-burning on urinary
urinary frequency (voiding more than every 3 hours)
urgency
nocturia
incontinence
suprapubic pain
hematuria
back pain
how is a lower UTI diagnosed? - CORRECT ANSWER-urine culture (clean catch)
- bacteria found in urine
types of upper UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-acute pyelonephritis
chronic pyelonephritis
how does acute pyelonephritis occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-can be from a lower UTI that spreads to
kidneys
,systemic infection that reaches kidneys via bloodstream
manifestations of upper UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-chills
fever
leukocytosis
pyuria
lower back pain
flank pain*
nausea/vomiting
how is an upper UTI diagnosed? - CORRECT ANSWER-ultrasound
CT scan
urine culture
gerontological considerations for UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-immobility
low fluid intake/excessive loss
obstruction
poor hygiene
immune compromised
comorbidities
hormonal changes
neurogenic bladder
presentation of UTI in older population - CORRECT ANSWER-burning, urgency, fever
confusion/delirium*
incontinence*
prevention of urinary calculi - CORRECT ANSWER-8-10 eight ounce glasses of water per day
- want to see 2L of output per day
,avoid protein
limit sodium
avoid oxalate containing foods
one glass of cranberry juice per day
2 glasses of water at bedtime
- avoid concentrating urine overnight
avoid activities that increase sweating/dehydration
oxalate containing foods - CORRECT ANSWER-spinach
strawberries
rhubarb
tea
peanuts
wheat bran
chocolate
foods to avoid with uric acid stones - CORRECT ANSWER-low purine diet
shell fish
asparagus
organ meat
mushrooms
uncomplicated UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-typically community-acquired
complicated UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-present when underlying factors such as catheterization or
obstruction predispose to ascending bacterial infection
- typically hospital-acquired
, medications that can cause kidney stones - CORRECT ANSWER-antacids
high doses of aspirin
vitamin D
laxatives
causes of hypercalcemia & hypercalciuria - CORRECT ANSWER-hyperparathyroidism
renal tubular acidosis
cancers
dehydration
TB
increased vitamin D
excessive milk
polycythemia vera
manifestations of stones in the ureter - CORRECT ANSWER-acute, excruciating, colicky wavelike pain
- radiates down the thigh and to the genitalia
there is a desire to void but difficulty to
- blood usually present
stress incontinence - CORRECT ANSWER-the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress
such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing
urge incontinence - CORRECT ANSWER-involuntary leakage of urine with a sudden, strong desire to
urinate
functional incontinence - CORRECT ANSWER-due to physical or cognitive impairment
- difficulty recognizing the need to void
manifestations of urinary retention - CORRECT ANSWER-lower abdominal pain
risk factors for the development of a UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-female
diabetes
pregnancy
neurologic disorders
gout
altered mental states
immunosuppression
obstructed urinary flow (congenital abnormalities, etc)
catheterization
calculi
manifestations of a lower UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-burning on urinary
urinary frequency (voiding more than every 3 hours)
urgency
nocturia
incontinence
suprapubic pain
hematuria
back pain
how is a lower UTI diagnosed? - CORRECT ANSWER-urine culture (clean catch)
- bacteria found in urine
types of upper UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-acute pyelonephritis
chronic pyelonephritis
how does acute pyelonephritis occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-can be from a lower UTI that spreads to
kidneys
,systemic infection that reaches kidneys via bloodstream
manifestations of upper UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-chills
fever
leukocytosis
pyuria
lower back pain
flank pain*
nausea/vomiting
how is an upper UTI diagnosed? - CORRECT ANSWER-ultrasound
CT scan
urine culture
gerontological considerations for UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-immobility
low fluid intake/excessive loss
obstruction
poor hygiene
immune compromised
comorbidities
hormonal changes
neurogenic bladder
presentation of UTI in older population - CORRECT ANSWER-burning, urgency, fever
confusion/delirium*
incontinence*
prevention of urinary calculi - CORRECT ANSWER-8-10 eight ounce glasses of water per day
- want to see 2L of output per day
,avoid protein
limit sodium
avoid oxalate containing foods
one glass of cranberry juice per day
2 glasses of water at bedtime
- avoid concentrating urine overnight
avoid activities that increase sweating/dehydration
oxalate containing foods - CORRECT ANSWER-spinach
strawberries
rhubarb
tea
peanuts
wheat bran
chocolate
foods to avoid with uric acid stones - CORRECT ANSWER-low purine diet
shell fish
asparagus
organ meat
mushrooms
uncomplicated UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-typically community-acquired
complicated UTI - CORRECT ANSWER-present when underlying factors such as catheterization or
obstruction predispose to ascending bacterial infection
- typically hospital-acquired
, medications that can cause kidney stones - CORRECT ANSWER-antacids
high doses of aspirin
vitamin D
laxatives
causes of hypercalcemia & hypercalciuria - CORRECT ANSWER-hyperparathyroidism
renal tubular acidosis
cancers
dehydration
TB
increased vitamin D
excessive milk
polycythemia vera
manifestations of stones in the ureter - CORRECT ANSWER-acute, excruciating, colicky wavelike pain
- radiates down the thigh and to the genitalia
there is a desire to void but difficulty to
- blood usually present
stress incontinence - CORRECT ANSWER-the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress
such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing
urge incontinence - CORRECT ANSWER-involuntary leakage of urine with a sudden, strong desire to
urinate
functional incontinence - CORRECT ANSWER-due to physical or cognitive impairment
- difficulty recognizing the need to void
manifestations of urinary retention - CORRECT ANSWER-lower abdominal pain
