NUR2502 Multidimensional Care 3 MDC III - 5 SATA, 3 Dose Calc, 2 ABGs Final Exam.

NUR2502 Multidimensional Care 3 MDC III - 5 SATA, 3 Dose Calc, 2 ABGs Final Exam. Review Questions and Answers | 100% Pass | Grades A+ Which cardiac rhythm requires the patient to take *adenosine*? - Answer Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) What is our priority concern for a patient in *atrial fibrillation (a-fib)*? - Answer ▪ they may end up with a *blood clot* because the blood is pooling in the atria Nursing Interventions: *A-fib RVR* - Answer *control RVR for patient:* ▪ give anticoagulants ▪ beta blockers, digoxin, diltiazem ▪ if meds don't work...cardioversion (synchronized shock to re-start the rhythm) ▪ if cardioversion doesn't work...ablation If you have a patient who comes into the ED and they are having an MI, what are the signs/symptoms? lab values to confirm this? - Answer ▪ chest pain ▪ SOB ▪ diaphoresis ▪ N/V ▪ hypertension ▪ tachycardia ▪ jaw pain, anxiety, indigestion (women) ▪ elevated troponin levels ▪ EKG changes - ST elevation Treatment: *Myocardial Infarction* - Answer *Oxygen* - 1st *Nitro* - given sublingual, 3 doses q 5 min (home), drip (hospital), drops BP (vasodilator) *Aspirin* - antiplatelet, stops clotting, 325 mg, chew it *Morphine* - calms the patient down, helps pain You walk into your patient's room and they *don't have a pulse*, what are you going to do? - Answer CPR, press the code button You walk into your patient's room and they are *not breathing but have a pulse*, what are you going to do? - Answer bag resuscitation, press the code button If you walk into a room with a patient that is in *ventricular fibrillation (v fib)* ▪ How will they present? ▪ What must we do to get them out of that state? - Answer ▪ unconscious, pulseless ▪ shock them with the AED! If you walk into a room and a patient is alert and oriented, speaking to you, has a pulse, but their cardiac monitor shows they are in *ventricular tachycardia* ▪ What are you going to do? - Answer ▪ make them bear down (valsalva maneuver) ▪ make them cough (vagal maneuver) Name the cardiac enzymes - Answer ▪ CPK ▪ troponin ▪ CK-MB ▪ BNP Procedures: *Myocardial Infarction (MI)* - Answer angioplasty stent the artery angiogram remove clots cardiac catheterization Procedure: Patient has an MI and extreme plaque build up - Answer CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft) inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart - Answer pericarditis When you have pericarditis what are you at risk for? - Answer heart can't expand and contract properly (*cardiac tamponade*) What sounds will you hear in a patient with pericarditis? - Answer pleural friction rub accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity - Answer pericardial effusion Surgical treatment: *Pericardial Effusion* - Answer Pericardialcentesis a localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery - Answer aneurysm Which is the most common aneurysm? - Answer Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) S/S: *Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)* - Answer ▪ epigastric pain ▪ pulsating in the abdomen - do not push on it!