BIOC 301 Exam 1 Lecture 3 Questions and Answers

BIOC 301 Exam 1 Lecture 3 Questions
and Answers
Nucleic acid forms - answer-✔DNA
RNA


DNA function - answer-✔stores genetic information
Instructions to direct synthesis of DNA and RNA


RNA function - answer-✔mRNA (messenger) direct protein synthesis
Stores genetic info in viruses
Makes up 2/3 of ribosomes which catalyze translation and splice
tRNA (transfer) transports amino acids


Nucleotide - answer-✔Nucleoside (base and pentose) + phosphate
Building blocks of DNA
Held together by phosphodiester bonds


Adanine structure - answer-✔Purine
Deoxyadenosine


Guanine structure - answer-✔Purine
Deoxyguanosine

, Cytosine structure - answer-✔pyrimidine
Deoxycytidine


Thymine structure - answer-✔pyrimidine
Deoxythymidine


Nucleotides charged - answer-✔A: pKa-3.5 so neutral
G,T,U: pKa- 9.4, 9.7, 9.3 so neutral


Base aromaticity - answer-✔Mostly planar
Resonance allows for absorbable if UV, important for quantification


H Bond potential - answer-✔G and C have more potential H bond acceptors and
donors
- 3 h bonds


Base nomenclature numbering - answer-✔


Phosphate - answer-✔pKa-0 so negatively charged at natural pH


Pentose nomenclature - answer-✔Use ' to differentiate base numbers
Difference at 2' determines DNA and RNA:
2' OH - RNA
2' H - DNA