Optometry-Exam 1 ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
areas of speciality within optometry - CORRECT ANSWER - primary care
pediatrics
vision rehabilitation
contact lenses/cornea
ocular disease
primary care - CORRECT ANSWER - the diagnosis and management of ocular disease,
refractive error and the co-management of oculo-systemic disease, in patients from 12-100+
pediatrics - CORRECT ANSWER - diagnosis and management of infants and children (6
mo-12 years) as well as Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs), developmental disabilities, strabismus
and amblyopia, binocular vision disorders, accomodative and ocular motility disorders and
vision-related learning problems
vision rehabilitation - CORRECT ANSWER - the examination, treatment and
management of patients with visual impairments which cannot be fully treatable by medical,
surgical or conventional eyewear or contact lenses. Can involve the use of low vision aids such
as magnifiers, specialized optical systems, therapeutic filters, non-optical options, and/or video
magnification, and the prescription of rehabilitation therapy to effectively maximize visual
functioning for activities of daily living
contact lenses/cornea - CORRECT ANSWER - management of anterior segment disease
including fitting of specialty contact lenses for condition including keratoconus, presbyopia,
aphakia, high astigmatism, corneal reshaping, and post-surgical corneas
ocular disease - CORRECT ANSWER - management of ocular disease including by not
limited to Neurophthalmic, vitreo-retinal, glaucoma and emergency
,What are the three important aspects of the eye and vision evaluated by a comprehensive eye
exam? - CORRECT ANSWER - Optics/Refractive error, Binocular vision/Functional
vision, and Ocular Health
What is emmetropia and when does it occur? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is normal vision
and occurs when the light passes through both the cornea and lens to focus light on the retina
What is hyperopia and when does it occur? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is farsightedness
and occurs when the light passes through both the cornea and the lens to focus light behind the
retina
what is myopia and when does it occur? - CORRECT ANSWER - it is nearsightedness
and occurs when the eye's focusing power is too strong and focuses light in front of the retina
What is the retina? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is the imaging surface of the eye
What is the cornea - CORRECT ANSWER - It is the clear front surface of the eye
What is the pupil and what is located directly behind it? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is the
aperture (opening) of the iris; the lens is located immediately behind the pupil
When do refractive errors result? - CORRECT ANSWER - They result when light
entering the eye doesn't focus on the retina
What do eye care providers use to correct refractive errors? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Optical aids such as spectacles and contact lenses or surgical procedures such as LASIK
What is asthenopia? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is eyestrain and can result from functional
vision disorders
, What are dysfunctions of the vergence and accommodative systems called? - CORRECT
ANSWER - functional vision disorders, binocular vision disorders and near point disorders
What are the symptoms caused by functional vision disorders? When do they occur? -
CORRECT ANSWER - They include asthenopia, headache, blurry vision double vision,
tired eyes, feeling tired during periods of reading, avoidance of near activities or dislike of
reading. They typically occur during or after periods of near work.
In what populations do accommodative disorders have a high prevalance? - CORRECT
ANSWER - in the pediatric population
What must the eyes do to see clearly and comfortable while looking at close objects? -
CORRECT ANSWER - They must work together. They must be pointed at the same
object and the focusing system should work accurately and for prolonged periods of time.
What can result in eye health problems? - CORRECT ANSWER - A problem with the
anatomical structure of the eye or a systemic medical condition that affects the eye
What is an example of a problem with anatomic structure of the lens? - CORRECT
ANSWER - cataract
What is an example of a medical condition that affects the eye? - CORRECT ANSWER -
hypertensive retinopathy
What is DDx? - CORRECT ANSWER - Differential diagnosis is a group of possible
diagnoses that would account for a patient's symptoms
What is Sx? - CORRECT ANSWER - A symptom is subject evidence of a disease noticed
by a patient.
What is Sn? - CORRECT ANSWER - A sign is an objective finding as evaluated by the
examiner.
CORRECT Answers
areas of speciality within optometry - CORRECT ANSWER - primary care
pediatrics
vision rehabilitation
contact lenses/cornea
ocular disease
primary care - CORRECT ANSWER - the diagnosis and management of ocular disease,
refractive error and the co-management of oculo-systemic disease, in patients from 12-100+
pediatrics - CORRECT ANSWER - diagnosis and management of infants and children (6
mo-12 years) as well as Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs), developmental disabilities, strabismus
and amblyopia, binocular vision disorders, accomodative and ocular motility disorders and
vision-related learning problems
vision rehabilitation - CORRECT ANSWER - the examination, treatment and
management of patients with visual impairments which cannot be fully treatable by medical,
surgical or conventional eyewear or contact lenses. Can involve the use of low vision aids such
as magnifiers, specialized optical systems, therapeutic filters, non-optical options, and/or video
magnification, and the prescription of rehabilitation therapy to effectively maximize visual
functioning for activities of daily living
contact lenses/cornea - CORRECT ANSWER - management of anterior segment disease
including fitting of specialty contact lenses for condition including keratoconus, presbyopia,
aphakia, high astigmatism, corneal reshaping, and post-surgical corneas
ocular disease - CORRECT ANSWER - management of ocular disease including by not
limited to Neurophthalmic, vitreo-retinal, glaucoma and emergency
,What are the three important aspects of the eye and vision evaluated by a comprehensive eye
exam? - CORRECT ANSWER - Optics/Refractive error, Binocular vision/Functional
vision, and Ocular Health
What is emmetropia and when does it occur? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is normal vision
and occurs when the light passes through both the cornea and lens to focus light on the retina
What is hyperopia and when does it occur? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is farsightedness
and occurs when the light passes through both the cornea and the lens to focus light behind the
retina
what is myopia and when does it occur? - CORRECT ANSWER - it is nearsightedness
and occurs when the eye's focusing power is too strong and focuses light in front of the retina
What is the retina? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is the imaging surface of the eye
What is the cornea - CORRECT ANSWER - It is the clear front surface of the eye
What is the pupil and what is located directly behind it? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is the
aperture (opening) of the iris; the lens is located immediately behind the pupil
When do refractive errors result? - CORRECT ANSWER - They result when light
entering the eye doesn't focus on the retina
What do eye care providers use to correct refractive errors? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Optical aids such as spectacles and contact lenses or surgical procedures such as LASIK
What is asthenopia? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is eyestrain and can result from functional
vision disorders
, What are dysfunctions of the vergence and accommodative systems called? - CORRECT
ANSWER - functional vision disorders, binocular vision disorders and near point disorders
What are the symptoms caused by functional vision disorders? When do they occur? -
CORRECT ANSWER - They include asthenopia, headache, blurry vision double vision,
tired eyes, feeling tired during periods of reading, avoidance of near activities or dislike of
reading. They typically occur during or after periods of near work.
In what populations do accommodative disorders have a high prevalance? - CORRECT
ANSWER - in the pediatric population
What must the eyes do to see clearly and comfortable while looking at close objects? -
CORRECT ANSWER - They must work together. They must be pointed at the same
object and the focusing system should work accurately and for prolonged periods of time.
What can result in eye health problems? - CORRECT ANSWER - A problem with the
anatomical structure of the eye or a systemic medical condition that affects the eye
What is an example of a problem with anatomic structure of the lens? - CORRECT
ANSWER - cataract
What is an example of a medical condition that affects the eye? - CORRECT ANSWER -
hypertensive retinopathy
What is DDx? - CORRECT ANSWER - Differential diagnosis is a group of possible
diagnoses that would account for a patient's symptoms
What is Sx? - CORRECT ANSWER - A symptom is subject evidence of a disease noticed
by a patient.
What is Sn? - CORRECT ANSWER - A sign is an objective finding as evaluated by the
examiner.
