Nagelhout Exam Final UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Flumazenil reverses benzodiazepines, however does it reverse the anterograde amnesia effects? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Yes, to a degree
Contraindications to giving flumazenil? - CORRECT ANSWER - Hx of seizures, allergy
How can you estimate the addictiveness of an opiate? - CORRECT ANSWER - Correlates
with the potency - more potent, more addictive
What is an enkephalin? - CORRECT ANSWER - endogenous pain relievers
Where are enkephalins found? - CORRECT ANSWER - CNS sites, GI tract + adrenal
medulla
What is Pro-opiomelanocortin a precursor to? - CORRECT ANSWER - Beta-Endorphin
What is Proenkephalin A a precursor to? - CORRECT ANSWER - Enkephalins
What is Prodynorphin a precursor to? - CORRECT ANSWER - dynorphins
What are the three major endogenous pain regulators? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Enkephalins, Dynorphins, Beta-Endorphins
What are pain receptors called? - CORRECT ANSWER - nociceptors
, Is it preferred to use multiple pain medications or a high dose of a single one? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Multiple; lower doses of multiple medications produce less overall side
effects
What is the purpose of pain? - CORRECT ANSWER - Alarm system
What correlates with opioid potency and addiction liability? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Respiratory depression; increases with the rest of the factors
What receptor do opioids work on? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mu receptors
Dysphoria and shivering are associated with which pain receptor? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Kappa
What happens when you give a partial agonist with a full agonist? - CORRECT
ANSWER - They compete for receptors and reduce the overall effect
What are the three groups of pain medications (chemically)? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Phenanthrene alkaloids, piperidine derivatives, diphenylheptanes
What does it mean if you're allergic to one phenanthrene narcotic? - CORRECT
ANSWER - You are allergic to all phenanthrenes
Which drugs cause histamine release? (contraindicated for asthmatics) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Phenanthrenes + demorol produce histamine release
Which opioid's metabolism is not affected by liver disease? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Remifentanyl is metabolized by hydrolysis, enzyme catalyzing it is called nonspecific esterases
What drug interaction occurs between MAOIs and demerol? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Deadly seizures
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Flumazenil reverses benzodiazepines, however does it reverse the anterograde amnesia effects? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Yes, to a degree
Contraindications to giving flumazenil? - CORRECT ANSWER - Hx of seizures, allergy
How can you estimate the addictiveness of an opiate? - CORRECT ANSWER - Correlates
with the potency - more potent, more addictive
What is an enkephalin? - CORRECT ANSWER - endogenous pain relievers
Where are enkephalins found? - CORRECT ANSWER - CNS sites, GI tract + adrenal
medulla
What is Pro-opiomelanocortin a precursor to? - CORRECT ANSWER - Beta-Endorphin
What is Proenkephalin A a precursor to? - CORRECT ANSWER - Enkephalins
What is Prodynorphin a precursor to? - CORRECT ANSWER - dynorphins
What are the three major endogenous pain regulators? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Enkephalins, Dynorphins, Beta-Endorphins
What are pain receptors called? - CORRECT ANSWER - nociceptors
, Is it preferred to use multiple pain medications or a high dose of a single one? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Multiple; lower doses of multiple medications produce less overall side
effects
What is the purpose of pain? - CORRECT ANSWER - Alarm system
What correlates with opioid potency and addiction liability? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Respiratory depression; increases with the rest of the factors
What receptor do opioids work on? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mu receptors
Dysphoria and shivering are associated with which pain receptor? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Kappa
What happens when you give a partial agonist with a full agonist? - CORRECT
ANSWER - They compete for receptors and reduce the overall effect
What are the three groups of pain medications (chemically)? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Phenanthrene alkaloids, piperidine derivatives, diphenylheptanes
What does it mean if you're allergic to one phenanthrene narcotic? - CORRECT
ANSWER - You are allergic to all phenanthrenes
Which drugs cause histamine release? (contraindicated for asthmatics) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Phenanthrenes + demorol produce histamine release
Which opioid's metabolism is not affected by liver disease? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Remifentanyl is metabolized by hydrolysis, enzyme catalyzing it is called nonspecific esterases
What drug interaction occurs between MAOIs and demerol? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Deadly seizures
