Louisiana Horticulture Exam study guide
2024-2025 (questions with verified
answers)
4 major plant parts include - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔roots
stems
leaves
reproductive parts
4 functions of the root system include - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔absorption
anchorage
conduction
storage
2 kind of root systems found in plants are - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔fibrous
root systems
and
taproot systems
Fibrous root system - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔root system that consists of
numerous multi-branched roots that are slender; no one root is more
prominent than the other.
Tap root system (more difficult to transplant) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔root
system that consists of one main root that grows directly downward from
which branch roots arise;
carrot or a woody root (oak,maple)
,What should you do if a plant becomes root bound within their containers? -
** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Spread the roots out or prune them to encourage
the root system to grow outward
3 primary functions of the stems are - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Support
conduction
storage
Conduction - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the movement of water, mineral
solutions, and substances manufactured in the plant.
xylem - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔water and mineral solution move upward
from the roots to the leaves through inner tissues called
phloem - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔manufactured food from the leaves move
out of the leaves through outer stem tissues called
What 2 tissues form the vascular system of the plant? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔xylem and phloem
Cambium layer - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔The tissue between the xylem and
phloem is called the ____________. Plant function growth depends on
uninterrupted conduction.
Monocotyledonous Plants (single leaf monocots) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔The xylem and phloem tissues are formed in bundles scattered in a
discontinuous vascular system through the stem.
Corn, grass, lilies, orchids
Dicotyledonous Plants (two seed leaves dicots)
,Gymnosperms Plants (many seed leaves) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the
xylem is formed on the inside next to the heartwood surrounded by a
continuous layer of cambium with the phloem on the outside.
Tree, shrubs, annuals, and perrennials
Girdle - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔is a complete circle of dead tissue around
the stem which interrupts the food supply pipeline.
Nodes and internodes - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Areas of the stems where
leaves emerge are called ____________ and the space between are called
__________.
axillary bud and axil - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔in the angle where each leaf
joins the stem, there is an _________________ which is compressed, dormant
stem. The angle is called the ______ of the leaf.
Asexual reproductive structures - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Some plants
have modified stem and roots structures that store exceptionally large
amounts of food and function as
Corms, such as gladiolus - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔solid stem structures
with remains of dried scale leaves surrounding and protecting them. Cycle of
changes are controlled by temperature.
Rhizome, such as Louisiana - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the main axis or stem
of the plant is in a horizontal position underground
Stolons - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Cylindrical horizontal stems found above
ground similar to a rhizome
Tuberous roots (sweet potato) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔roots that do not
have nodes and buds
, crown - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the area where the stem and root tissue
meets
Biennial Root - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Roots that are living through two
growing seasons
Annual Top Root - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Root living through one growing
season
October until December - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Outdoor planting of
spring bulbs can be done from
Dicot Leaf - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Leaf that generally has netted
venation, one or more prominent veins with branches forming a conspicuous
net
Mono Leaf - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Leaf that generally has parallel veins
with inconspicuous branching between the veins as in corn
Photosynthesis and transpiration - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Leaves have two
main functions to carry out: ______________ and _______________.
Photosynthesis - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the process whereby carbon
dioxide and water are eventually transformed into sugars (glucose) by the
living cell using energy from visible light absorbed by chlorophyll (green
pigments)
Transpiration - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the process whereby the leaf gives
off water into the atmosphere and temperature of the leaf is regulated to
reduce injury from excessive heat build up
water deficit making the plant wilt - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔What occurs
when transpiration is more rapid than absorption?
2024-2025 (questions with verified
answers)
4 major plant parts include - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔roots
stems
leaves
reproductive parts
4 functions of the root system include - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔absorption
anchorage
conduction
storage
2 kind of root systems found in plants are - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔fibrous
root systems
and
taproot systems
Fibrous root system - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔root system that consists of
numerous multi-branched roots that are slender; no one root is more
prominent than the other.
Tap root system (more difficult to transplant) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔root
system that consists of one main root that grows directly downward from
which branch roots arise;
carrot or a woody root (oak,maple)
,What should you do if a plant becomes root bound within their containers? -
** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Spread the roots out or prune them to encourage
the root system to grow outward
3 primary functions of the stems are - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Support
conduction
storage
Conduction - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the movement of water, mineral
solutions, and substances manufactured in the plant.
xylem - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔water and mineral solution move upward
from the roots to the leaves through inner tissues called
phloem - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔manufactured food from the leaves move
out of the leaves through outer stem tissues called
What 2 tissues form the vascular system of the plant? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔xylem and phloem
Cambium layer - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔The tissue between the xylem and
phloem is called the ____________. Plant function growth depends on
uninterrupted conduction.
Monocotyledonous Plants (single leaf monocots) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔The xylem and phloem tissues are formed in bundles scattered in a
discontinuous vascular system through the stem.
Corn, grass, lilies, orchids
Dicotyledonous Plants (two seed leaves dicots)
,Gymnosperms Plants (many seed leaves) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the
xylem is formed on the inside next to the heartwood surrounded by a
continuous layer of cambium with the phloem on the outside.
Tree, shrubs, annuals, and perrennials
Girdle - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔is a complete circle of dead tissue around
the stem which interrupts the food supply pipeline.
Nodes and internodes - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Areas of the stems where
leaves emerge are called ____________ and the space between are called
__________.
axillary bud and axil - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔in the angle where each leaf
joins the stem, there is an _________________ which is compressed, dormant
stem. The angle is called the ______ of the leaf.
Asexual reproductive structures - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Some plants
have modified stem and roots structures that store exceptionally large
amounts of food and function as
Corms, such as gladiolus - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔solid stem structures
with remains of dried scale leaves surrounding and protecting them. Cycle of
changes are controlled by temperature.
Rhizome, such as Louisiana - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the main axis or stem
of the plant is in a horizontal position underground
Stolons - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Cylindrical horizontal stems found above
ground similar to a rhizome
Tuberous roots (sweet potato) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔roots that do not
have nodes and buds
, crown - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the area where the stem and root tissue
meets
Biennial Root - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Roots that are living through two
growing seasons
Annual Top Root - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Root living through one growing
season
October until December - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Outdoor planting of
spring bulbs can be done from
Dicot Leaf - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Leaf that generally has netted
venation, one or more prominent veins with branches forming a conspicuous
net
Mono Leaf - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Leaf that generally has parallel veins
with inconspicuous branching between the veins as in corn
Photosynthesis and transpiration - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Leaves have two
main functions to carry out: ______________ and _______________.
Photosynthesis - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the process whereby carbon
dioxide and water are eventually transformed into sugars (glucose) by the
living cell using energy from visible light absorbed by chlorophyll (green
pigments)
Transpiration - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the process whereby the leaf gives
off water into the atmosphere and temperature of the leaf is regulated to
reduce injury from excessive heat build up
water deficit making the plant wilt - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔What occurs
when transpiration is more rapid than absorption?
