WGU D027 STUDY GUIDE
Autosomal7Dominant7-7ans--17parent7has,750%7change7of7child7having
Autosomal7Recessive7-7ans--
Both7parents7are7carriers,725%7change7of7child7having,750%7chance7child7is7a7carrier.
Cystic7Fibrosis7-7ans--affects7pancreas7causing7secretions7in7lungs
21st7Trisomy7-7ans--Down7Syndrome
Klinefelter7Syndrome7(XXY)7-7ans--male7has7extra7X,7female7like7qualities
Turner7Syndrome7-7ans--Missing7X7in7females
Alpha7Thalassemia7-7ans--inherited7blood7disorder;7mild7to7severe7anemia
Beta7Thallasemia7-7ans--low7hemoglobin;7contraindicated7medication7ferrous7sulfate
Prevalence7Risk7-7ans--proportion7of7the7population7affected7at7a7certain7time
Incidence7rate7-7ans--number7of7new7cases7divided7by7population
Innate7immunity7-7ans--inflammation;7increased7vascular7permeability
B&T7lymphocytes7-7ans--immune7response
primary7malignant7tumor7-7ans--lack7of7organization7of7cells
glucocorticoids7-7ans--
used7in7combination7with7other7agent7to7treat7lymphoid7tissue7(leukemia).7glucocorticoid
s7are7directly7toxic7to7lymphoid7tissues.
Selective7estrogen7receptor7modulators7(SERM)7-7ans--
for7hormone7receptor7positive7and7advanced7breast7cancer.7(Tamoxifin7reduces7risk7an
d7recurrence7risk)
Heart7failure7-7ans--
impairment7of7the7ventricle7to7fill7with7or7eject7blood;7heart7cannot7meet7metabolic7need
7of7the7body.
CHF7-7ans--
heart7cannot7keep7up7with7metabolic7needs;7volume7overload7in7pulmonary7area
, Left7Ventricular7Dysfunction7-7ans--
reduced7ejection7fraction;7ventricle7having7issue7ejecting7blood.
normal7ejection7fraction7-7ans--557-7607%7(blood7pumped7out7with7each7heartbeat)
Ejection7fraction7of750%7-7reduced7or7preserved?7-7ans--preserved
Diastolic7CHF7-7ans--preserved7ejection7fraction,7problem7is7with7filling
Systolic7CHF7-7ans--reduced7ejection7fraction,7problem7is7with7ejecting
Left7sided7CHF7-7ans--pulmonary7(JVD,7fluid7volume7overload,7rails,7S-
37murmurs)7**7#17cause7of7Right7sided7CHF
BNP7-7ans--gold7standard7lab7test7to7diagnose7CHF
Echocardiogram7-7ans--Diagnostic7tool,7evaluates7heart7structure7and7function
At7Risk7for7HF7-7Stage7A7-7ans--
no7structural7heart7disease7or7symptoms7of7heart7failure
Stage7A7HF7co-morbidities7-7ans--
htn,7atherosclerotic7disease,7diabetes,7metabolic7syndrome,7patients7using7cardiotoxins
7with7family7history
Therapy7goals7of7stage7A7HF7-7ans--
treat7htn,7encourage7smoking7cessation,7encourage7regular7exercise,7treat7lipid7disorde
rs,7discourage7alcohol7intake/drug7use,7control7metabolic7syndrome
Meds:7ACEI7or7Angiotensin7II7RB7for7vascular7disease7or7diabetes7(avapro,7losartan,7be
nicar,7diovan,7etc)
At7Risk7for7HF7-7Stage7B7-7ans--
structural7heart7disease7but7no7symptoms7of7heart7failure
Stage7B7HF7co-morbidities7-7ans--
previous7MI,7LV7remodeling7with7LV7hypertrophy7and7low7EF,7asymptomatic7valvular7di
sease
Therapy7goals7of7Stage7B7HF7-7ans--Meds:7ACEI7or7ARB,7Beta-
blockers,7inplantable7defibrillators
Stage7C7heart7failure7-7ans--
structural7heart7disease7with7prior7or7current7symptoms7of7HF
Autosomal7Dominant7-7ans--17parent7has,750%7change7of7child7having
Autosomal7Recessive7-7ans--
Both7parents7are7carriers,725%7change7of7child7having,750%7chance7child7is7a7carrier.
Cystic7Fibrosis7-7ans--affects7pancreas7causing7secretions7in7lungs
21st7Trisomy7-7ans--Down7Syndrome
Klinefelter7Syndrome7(XXY)7-7ans--male7has7extra7X,7female7like7qualities
Turner7Syndrome7-7ans--Missing7X7in7females
Alpha7Thalassemia7-7ans--inherited7blood7disorder;7mild7to7severe7anemia
Beta7Thallasemia7-7ans--low7hemoglobin;7contraindicated7medication7ferrous7sulfate
Prevalence7Risk7-7ans--proportion7of7the7population7affected7at7a7certain7time
Incidence7rate7-7ans--number7of7new7cases7divided7by7population
Innate7immunity7-7ans--inflammation;7increased7vascular7permeability
B&T7lymphocytes7-7ans--immune7response
primary7malignant7tumor7-7ans--lack7of7organization7of7cells
glucocorticoids7-7ans--
used7in7combination7with7other7agent7to7treat7lymphoid7tissue7(leukemia).7glucocorticoid
s7are7directly7toxic7to7lymphoid7tissues.
Selective7estrogen7receptor7modulators7(SERM)7-7ans--
for7hormone7receptor7positive7and7advanced7breast7cancer.7(Tamoxifin7reduces7risk7an
d7recurrence7risk)
Heart7failure7-7ans--
impairment7of7the7ventricle7to7fill7with7or7eject7blood;7heart7cannot7meet7metabolic7need
7of7the7body.
CHF7-7ans--
heart7cannot7keep7up7with7metabolic7needs;7volume7overload7in7pulmonary7area
, Left7Ventricular7Dysfunction7-7ans--
reduced7ejection7fraction;7ventricle7having7issue7ejecting7blood.
normal7ejection7fraction7-7ans--557-7607%7(blood7pumped7out7with7each7heartbeat)
Ejection7fraction7of750%7-7reduced7or7preserved?7-7ans--preserved
Diastolic7CHF7-7ans--preserved7ejection7fraction,7problem7is7with7filling
Systolic7CHF7-7ans--reduced7ejection7fraction,7problem7is7with7ejecting
Left7sided7CHF7-7ans--pulmonary7(JVD,7fluid7volume7overload,7rails,7S-
37murmurs)7**7#17cause7of7Right7sided7CHF
BNP7-7ans--gold7standard7lab7test7to7diagnose7CHF
Echocardiogram7-7ans--Diagnostic7tool,7evaluates7heart7structure7and7function
At7Risk7for7HF7-7Stage7A7-7ans--
no7structural7heart7disease7or7symptoms7of7heart7failure
Stage7A7HF7co-morbidities7-7ans--
htn,7atherosclerotic7disease,7diabetes,7metabolic7syndrome,7patients7using7cardiotoxins
7with7family7history
Therapy7goals7of7stage7A7HF7-7ans--
treat7htn,7encourage7smoking7cessation,7encourage7regular7exercise,7treat7lipid7disorde
rs,7discourage7alcohol7intake/drug7use,7control7metabolic7syndrome
Meds:7ACEI7or7Angiotensin7II7RB7for7vascular7disease7or7diabetes7(avapro,7losartan,7be
nicar,7diovan,7etc)
At7Risk7for7HF7-7Stage7B7-7ans--
structural7heart7disease7but7no7symptoms7of7heart7failure
Stage7B7HF7co-morbidities7-7ans--
previous7MI,7LV7remodeling7with7LV7hypertrophy7and7low7EF,7asymptomatic7valvular7di
sease
Therapy7goals7of7Stage7B7HF7-7ans--Meds:7ACEI7or7ARB,7Beta-
blockers,7inplantable7defibrillators
Stage7C7heart7failure7-7ans--
structural7heart7disease7with7prior7or7current7symptoms7of7HF
