APEA-PHARMACOLOGY CARDIOPVASCULAR EXAM 100+ QUESTIONS AND
ACCURATE ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS //ALREADY GRADED A+
A common side effect of niacin (Niaspan) is:
hair loss. dry mouth. joint pain. flushing. -
answer-flushing.
A common side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors used in the treatment of
hypertension is: tinnitus. impotence. hypokalemia. a dry cough. - answer-a dry cough.
Increased adverse events are likely with the concomitant use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors such as ramipril (Altace) and: digoxin (Lanoxin). irbesartan (Avapro). acebutolol (Sectral).
furosemide (Lasix). - answer-irbesartan (Avapro).
A disadvantage of vitamin K antagonists for anticoagulation is their:
decreased efficacy.
numerous medication interactions.
expense and availability.
predictable pharmacokinetics. - answer-numerous medication interactions.
To reduce the flushing effects caused by nifedipine (Adalat CC), it should be taken with:
grapefruit.
milk. an aspirin. low-fat meals. -
answer-low-fat meals.
The peak effect of enalapril (Vasotec), an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, occurs in:
1 hour.
3 hours.
5 hours.
8 hours. - answer-5 hours.
,Ranolazine (Ranexa) is indicated in the treatment of:
acute angina. acute coronary syndrome.
intermittent claudication. chronic angina. - answer-
chronic angina.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is classified as a(n):
ADP receptor antagonist.
factor Xa inhibitor. low molecular weight heparin. direct thrombin
inhibitor. - answer-low molecular weight heparin.
Gemfibrozil (Lopid), for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia, is classified as a:
bile acid sequestrant. nicotinic acid. fibric acid.
statin. - answer-fibric acid.
For the patient receiving dabigatran (Pradaxa) who needs anticoagulation reversal, the nurse
practitioner knows that: no reversal agent is available. vitamin K should be administered.
idarucizumab (Praxbind) is the emergency reversal agent.
administration of fresh frozen plasma is the only available option. - answer-idarucizumab (Praxbind) is
the emergency reversal agent.
Of the angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) used in the treatment of hypertension, the one with the
longest biological half-life at 24 hours is:
irbesartan (Avapro). losartan (Cozaar). olmesartan
(Benicar). telmisartan (Micardis). - answer-telmisartan
(Micardis).
Avoid concomitant use of oral digoxin (Lanoxin) and:
amoxicillin (Amoxil). famotidine (Pepcid).
acetaminophen (Tylenol).
, levothyroxine (Synthroid). - answer-famotidine (Pepcid)
A common side effect of cardioselective beta-blockers such as labetalol (Trandate) is: weight
loss.
shortness of breath. tachycardia. facial
swelling. - answer-shortness of breath.
The mechanism of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in lowering blood pressure
is to:
block the formation of angiotensinogen in the liver. convert angiotensin I to
angiotensin II in the myocardium. inhibit the enzyme that converts
angiotensin I to angiotensin II in the serum.
inhibit the conversion of angiotensin enzyme production by the kidneys. - answer-inhibit the enzyme
that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II in the serum.
Spironolactone (Aldactone) is highly protein bound and has a duration of:
6 hours.
12 hours.
24 hours.
48 hours. - answer-48 hours.
Cardioselective beta-blockers:
specifically block beta-1 receptors. should never be administered to patients who have
asthma. are recommended as first-line treatment for hypertension. should be discontinued
5 days prior to surgery. - answer-specifically block beta-1 receptors.
Selective beta-blockers specifically block beta-1 receptors, although they can be nonselective at higher
doses. Beta-blockers are generally not recommended as first-line agents for the treatment of
hypertension.
ACCURATE ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS //ALREADY GRADED A+
A common side effect of niacin (Niaspan) is:
hair loss. dry mouth. joint pain. flushing. -
answer-flushing.
A common side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors used in the treatment of
hypertension is: tinnitus. impotence. hypokalemia. a dry cough. - answer-a dry cough.
Increased adverse events are likely with the concomitant use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors such as ramipril (Altace) and: digoxin (Lanoxin). irbesartan (Avapro). acebutolol (Sectral).
furosemide (Lasix). - answer-irbesartan (Avapro).
A disadvantage of vitamin K antagonists for anticoagulation is their:
decreased efficacy.
numerous medication interactions.
expense and availability.
predictable pharmacokinetics. - answer-numerous medication interactions.
To reduce the flushing effects caused by nifedipine (Adalat CC), it should be taken with:
grapefruit.
milk. an aspirin. low-fat meals. -
answer-low-fat meals.
The peak effect of enalapril (Vasotec), an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, occurs in:
1 hour.
3 hours.
5 hours.
8 hours. - answer-5 hours.
,Ranolazine (Ranexa) is indicated in the treatment of:
acute angina. acute coronary syndrome.
intermittent claudication. chronic angina. - answer-
chronic angina.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is classified as a(n):
ADP receptor antagonist.
factor Xa inhibitor. low molecular weight heparin. direct thrombin
inhibitor. - answer-low molecular weight heparin.
Gemfibrozil (Lopid), for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia, is classified as a:
bile acid sequestrant. nicotinic acid. fibric acid.
statin. - answer-fibric acid.
For the patient receiving dabigatran (Pradaxa) who needs anticoagulation reversal, the nurse
practitioner knows that: no reversal agent is available. vitamin K should be administered.
idarucizumab (Praxbind) is the emergency reversal agent.
administration of fresh frozen plasma is the only available option. - answer-idarucizumab (Praxbind) is
the emergency reversal agent.
Of the angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) used in the treatment of hypertension, the one with the
longest biological half-life at 24 hours is:
irbesartan (Avapro). losartan (Cozaar). olmesartan
(Benicar). telmisartan (Micardis). - answer-telmisartan
(Micardis).
Avoid concomitant use of oral digoxin (Lanoxin) and:
amoxicillin (Amoxil). famotidine (Pepcid).
acetaminophen (Tylenol).
, levothyroxine (Synthroid). - answer-famotidine (Pepcid)
A common side effect of cardioselective beta-blockers such as labetalol (Trandate) is: weight
loss.
shortness of breath. tachycardia. facial
swelling. - answer-shortness of breath.
The mechanism of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in lowering blood pressure
is to:
block the formation of angiotensinogen in the liver. convert angiotensin I to
angiotensin II in the myocardium. inhibit the enzyme that converts
angiotensin I to angiotensin II in the serum.
inhibit the conversion of angiotensin enzyme production by the kidneys. - answer-inhibit the enzyme
that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II in the serum.
Spironolactone (Aldactone) is highly protein bound and has a duration of:
6 hours.
12 hours.
24 hours.
48 hours. - answer-48 hours.
Cardioselective beta-blockers:
specifically block beta-1 receptors. should never be administered to patients who have
asthma. are recommended as first-line treatment for hypertension. should be discontinued
5 days prior to surgery. - answer-specifically block beta-1 receptors.
Selective beta-blockers specifically block beta-1 receptors, although they can be nonselective at higher
doses. Beta-blockers are generally not recommended as first-line agents for the treatment of
hypertension.
