HESI PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXIT EXAM 2024/2025 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS BANK WITH ALL VERSIONS ACTUAL 500+
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS /ALREADY GRADED A+.
What pathophysiologic abnormality underlies
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
a. Immune
deficiency
b. Type 2
hypersensitivity
c.
Autoimmunity
d. Immunosuppression -
ANSWER -c. Autoimmunity
Which is true about the kidneys?
a. The kidneys are responsible for maintaining fluid and electrolyte
homeostasis
b. The kidneys filter more than 70 ml of fluid an hour
c. The kidneys activate vitamin C
d. The kidneys contain 100,000 nephrons - ANSWER -a. The kidneys
are responsible for maintaining fluid and electrolyte homeostasis
,What happens to calcium in
chronic renal failure? a.
Increased absorption from the
GI tract
b. High serum calcium
c. Low serum levels.
d. Normal parathyroid activity - ANSWER -c. Low serum levels
Which is normal
for urine?
a. pH is
acidic
b.
Protein
c. Specific gravity
of 1.03- 1.3
d. Basic pH - ANSWER
-a. pH is acidic
Predisposing factors for pyelonephritis include:
a. Pregnancy, neurogenic bladder, catheterization and urinary
obstruction.
b. Viral infection, sexual trauma, and sepsis
c. Diabetes, polycystic kidney disease and cystoscopy
d. Irradiation, diabetes and trauma - ANSWER -a. Pregnancy,
neurogenic bladder, catheterization and urinary obstruction
,What effect does urinary obstruction have on
glomerular filtration, urinary stasis, and infection
risk?
a. Decreased hydrostatic pressure, decreased filtration and anuria
b. Decreased glomerular filtration, urinary stasis, and predisposition
to infection
c. Increased glomerular filtration rate, diuresis and infectious
process
d. No effect on glomerular filtration, increase urinary stasis and
infection - ANSWER -b. Decreased glomerular
filtration, urinary stasis, and
predisposition to infection
Glomerulonephritis
results from:
a. Trauma to the
kidney
b. Infection caused by
staphylococci
c. Obstructive
pathology
d. Antigen-antibody complexes - ANSWER -b.
Infection caused by staphylococci
Which clinical findings suggest nephritic syndrome?
a. Hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia and
hypercoagulability
, b. Proteinuria, hypolipidemia, hypotension, and presence of WBCs
c. Hyperproteinmia, proteinuria, hematuria, and decreased
coagulability
d. Hyperalbuminemia, lipiduria, presence of RBCs and casts -
ANSWER -a. Hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, edema,
hyperlipidemia and hypercoagulability
Which of the following terms best describes the symptoms of
petechiae. easy bruising, bleeding gums, occult
hematuria or retinal
hemorrhage?
a.
Neutropenia
b.
Leukopenia
c.
Anemia
d. Thrombocytopenia - ANSWER -d.
Thrombocytopenia
Which is NOT a risk factor for
acute renal failure? a.
Atherosclerosis
b. Hypertension
c. Diabetes mellitus
d. Youth - ANSWER -d. Youth
QUESTIONS BANK WITH ALL VERSIONS ACTUAL 500+
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS /ALREADY GRADED A+.
What pathophysiologic abnormality underlies
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
a. Immune
deficiency
b. Type 2
hypersensitivity
c.
Autoimmunity
d. Immunosuppression -
ANSWER -c. Autoimmunity
Which is true about the kidneys?
a. The kidneys are responsible for maintaining fluid and electrolyte
homeostasis
b. The kidneys filter more than 70 ml of fluid an hour
c. The kidneys activate vitamin C
d. The kidneys contain 100,000 nephrons - ANSWER -a. The kidneys
are responsible for maintaining fluid and electrolyte homeostasis
,What happens to calcium in
chronic renal failure? a.
Increased absorption from the
GI tract
b. High serum calcium
c. Low serum levels.
d. Normal parathyroid activity - ANSWER -c. Low serum levels
Which is normal
for urine?
a. pH is
acidic
b.
Protein
c. Specific gravity
of 1.03- 1.3
d. Basic pH - ANSWER
-a. pH is acidic
Predisposing factors for pyelonephritis include:
a. Pregnancy, neurogenic bladder, catheterization and urinary
obstruction.
b. Viral infection, sexual trauma, and sepsis
c. Diabetes, polycystic kidney disease and cystoscopy
d. Irradiation, diabetes and trauma - ANSWER -a. Pregnancy,
neurogenic bladder, catheterization and urinary obstruction
,What effect does urinary obstruction have on
glomerular filtration, urinary stasis, and infection
risk?
a. Decreased hydrostatic pressure, decreased filtration and anuria
b. Decreased glomerular filtration, urinary stasis, and predisposition
to infection
c. Increased glomerular filtration rate, diuresis and infectious
process
d. No effect on glomerular filtration, increase urinary stasis and
infection - ANSWER -b. Decreased glomerular
filtration, urinary stasis, and
predisposition to infection
Glomerulonephritis
results from:
a. Trauma to the
kidney
b. Infection caused by
staphylococci
c. Obstructive
pathology
d. Antigen-antibody complexes - ANSWER -b.
Infection caused by staphylococci
Which clinical findings suggest nephritic syndrome?
a. Hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia and
hypercoagulability
, b. Proteinuria, hypolipidemia, hypotension, and presence of WBCs
c. Hyperproteinmia, proteinuria, hematuria, and decreased
coagulability
d. Hyperalbuminemia, lipiduria, presence of RBCs and casts -
ANSWER -a. Hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, edema,
hyperlipidemia and hypercoagulability
Which of the following terms best describes the symptoms of
petechiae. easy bruising, bleeding gums, occult
hematuria or retinal
hemorrhage?
a.
Neutropenia
b.
Leukopenia
c.
Anemia
d. Thrombocytopenia - ANSWER -d.
Thrombocytopenia
Which is NOT a risk factor for
acute renal failure? a.
Atherosclerosis
b. Hypertension
c. Diabetes mellitus
d. Youth - ANSWER -d. Youth
