HOSMERIT
NR507 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTION AND CORRECT
ANSWERS LATEST GRADED A+
Innate immunity (correct answer)the immunity we are born with
Immune response: 3 levels/lines of protection (correct answer)1st line: physical, mechanical, &
biochemical barriers
2nd line: the inflammatory response
3rd line: lymphocyte production
most important immune defense (correct answer)intact skin and mucous membranes
(impermeable barrier)
PAMP (correct answer)pathogen associated molecular pattern
surfaces of bacteria, viruses, and other microbes are covered with many foreign proteins
foreign
DAMP (correct answer)damage associated molecular pattern
many proteins are released from inside our cells when they are damaged
foreign
PRR (correct answer)pattern recognition receptors
surfaces of WBCs contain these receptor sites
,-continuously interact with any material they encounter to ID it as "self" or "non-self" (foreign;
PAMP or DAMP)
Chemotaxis (correct answer)Cell movement that occurs in response to chemical stimulus
Phagocytosis (correct answer)"cell eating"
- opsonization and adherence
- engulfment - WBC surrounds and ingests Ag
- Fusion of phagosome with lysosome
destruction - phagosome digested by lysozyme, H202, acids, and other toxic chemicals inside
the lysosomes
egestion
Hypersensitivity Type 1: (correct answer)Allergic reaction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Mediated by (correct answer)IgE
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Inflammation due to (correct answer)mast cell degranulation
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
local symptoms (correct answer)itching, rash
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
systemic symptoms (correct answer)wheezing
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
, most dangerous form (correct answer)anaphylactic reaction-systemic response-hypotension,
severe bronchoconstriction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
main treatment (correct answer)epinephrine
Hypersensitivity Type 2: (correct answer)Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific (example:
thyroid tissue) hapten causes mediation of IgE or IgM
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
Primary effector cells involved (correct answer)macrophages
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
can cause (correct answer)tissue damage or alter function
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
example of altered function (correct answer)graves disease (hyperthyroidism)-example of
altering thyroid function, but does not destroy thyroid tissue
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
example of tissue damage (correct answer)incompatible blood type- example of cell/tissue
damage that occurs; severe transfusion reaction occurs and the transfused erythrocytes are
destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis
Hypersensitivity: Type 3 (correct answer)Not organ specific Immune complex-mediated
hypersensitivity reactions
-the antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the cell surface and the complex is deposited in
the tissues
Hypersensitivity: Type 3
Examples (correct answer)Rheumatoid arthritis - antigen/antibodies are deposited in the joints
NR507 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTION AND CORRECT
ANSWERS LATEST GRADED A+
Innate immunity (correct answer)the immunity we are born with
Immune response: 3 levels/lines of protection (correct answer)1st line: physical, mechanical, &
biochemical barriers
2nd line: the inflammatory response
3rd line: lymphocyte production
most important immune defense (correct answer)intact skin and mucous membranes
(impermeable barrier)
PAMP (correct answer)pathogen associated molecular pattern
surfaces of bacteria, viruses, and other microbes are covered with many foreign proteins
foreign
DAMP (correct answer)damage associated molecular pattern
many proteins are released from inside our cells when they are damaged
foreign
PRR (correct answer)pattern recognition receptors
surfaces of WBCs contain these receptor sites
,-continuously interact with any material they encounter to ID it as "self" or "non-self" (foreign;
PAMP or DAMP)
Chemotaxis (correct answer)Cell movement that occurs in response to chemical stimulus
Phagocytosis (correct answer)"cell eating"
- opsonization and adherence
- engulfment - WBC surrounds and ingests Ag
- Fusion of phagosome with lysosome
destruction - phagosome digested by lysozyme, H202, acids, and other toxic chemicals inside
the lysosomes
egestion
Hypersensitivity Type 1: (correct answer)Allergic reaction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Mediated by (correct answer)IgE
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Inflammation due to (correct answer)mast cell degranulation
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
local symptoms (correct answer)itching, rash
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
systemic symptoms (correct answer)wheezing
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
, most dangerous form (correct answer)anaphylactic reaction-systemic response-hypotension,
severe bronchoconstriction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
main treatment (correct answer)epinephrine
Hypersensitivity Type 2: (correct answer)Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific (example:
thyroid tissue) hapten causes mediation of IgE or IgM
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
Primary effector cells involved (correct answer)macrophages
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
can cause (correct answer)tissue damage or alter function
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
example of altered function (correct answer)graves disease (hyperthyroidism)-example of
altering thyroid function, but does not destroy thyroid tissue
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
example of tissue damage (correct answer)incompatible blood type- example of cell/tissue
damage that occurs; severe transfusion reaction occurs and the transfused erythrocytes are
destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis
Hypersensitivity: Type 3 (correct answer)Not organ specific Immune complex-mediated
hypersensitivity reactions
-the antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the cell surface and the complex is deposited in
the tissues
Hypersensitivity: Type 3
Examples (correct answer)Rheumatoid arthritis - antigen/antibodies are deposited in the joints
