Psyc 102 - Chapter 12 questions with
complete solutions
personality - correct answer ✔✔Personality refers to an individual's unique constellation of consistent
behavioral traits, used to explain why not everyone acts the same in similar situations
personality explains - consistency - correct answer ✔✔the stability in a person's behavior over time and
across situations
personality explains - distinctiveness - correct answer ✔✔the behavioural differences among people
reacting to the same situation
personality trait - correct answer ✔✔a durable disposition to behave in a particular way in a variety of
situations
- some are more basic than others
Raymond Catell - correct answer ✔✔Came up with "16PF" (16 personality factors scale) using factor
analysis
Factor analysis - correct answer ✔✔correlations among many variables are analyzed to identify closely
related clusters of variables
5 factor model of personality -extraversion - correct answer ✔✔- outgoing, sociable, upbeat, friendly,
assertive, and gregarious
- positive outlook on life and are motivated to pursue social contact, intimacy, and interdependence
- Career success
5 factor model of personality - neuroticism - correct answer ✔✔- anxious, hostile, self-conscious,
insecure, and vulnerable
- exhibit more impulsiveness and emotional instability than others
, - Negative predictor of occupational attainment
- elevates the probability of divorce
- associated with an elevated prevalence of physical and mental disorders
5 factor model of personality - openness to experience - correct answer ✔✔- Associated with curiosity,
flexibility, imaginativeness, intellectual pursuits, interests in new ideas, and unconventional attitudes
- tend to be tolerant of ambiguity
- may also foster longevity of life
5 factor model of personality - agreeableness - correct answer ✔✔- sympathetic, trusting, cooperative,
modest, and straightforward
- also correlated with empathy and helping behaviour
- negatively associated with income, especially among men
- Reduces likelihood of divorce
5 factor model of personality - conscientiousness - correct answer ✔✔- Tend to be diligent, well-
organized, punctual, and dependable
- associated with strong self-discipline and the ability to regulate oneself effectively
- Associated with higher grades, Career success
- Reduces likelihood of divorce
- correlated with the experience of less illness and with greater longevity
Grand theories - correct answer ✔✔an attempt to explain a great many facets of behaviour
Dark Triad - correct answer ✔✔specific combination of three traits leading to negative, antisocial
behavioural tendencies
Dark Triad - Machiavellianism - correct answer ✔✔is good at and enjoys manipulating others
Dark Triad - Psychopathy - correct answer ✔✔- feels little empathy
complete solutions
personality - correct answer ✔✔Personality refers to an individual's unique constellation of consistent
behavioral traits, used to explain why not everyone acts the same in similar situations
personality explains - consistency - correct answer ✔✔the stability in a person's behavior over time and
across situations
personality explains - distinctiveness - correct answer ✔✔the behavioural differences among people
reacting to the same situation
personality trait - correct answer ✔✔a durable disposition to behave in a particular way in a variety of
situations
- some are more basic than others
Raymond Catell - correct answer ✔✔Came up with "16PF" (16 personality factors scale) using factor
analysis
Factor analysis - correct answer ✔✔correlations among many variables are analyzed to identify closely
related clusters of variables
5 factor model of personality -extraversion - correct answer ✔✔- outgoing, sociable, upbeat, friendly,
assertive, and gregarious
- positive outlook on life and are motivated to pursue social contact, intimacy, and interdependence
- Career success
5 factor model of personality - neuroticism - correct answer ✔✔- anxious, hostile, self-conscious,
insecure, and vulnerable
- exhibit more impulsiveness and emotional instability than others
, - Negative predictor of occupational attainment
- elevates the probability of divorce
- associated with an elevated prevalence of physical and mental disorders
5 factor model of personality - openness to experience - correct answer ✔✔- Associated with curiosity,
flexibility, imaginativeness, intellectual pursuits, interests in new ideas, and unconventional attitudes
- tend to be tolerant of ambiguity
- may also foster longevity of life
5 factor model of personality - agreeableness - correct answer ✔✔- sympathetic, trusting, cooperative,
modest, and straightforward
- also correlated with empathy and helping behaviour
- negatively associated with income, especially among men
- Reduces likelihood of divorce
5 factor model of personality - conscientiousness - correct answer ✔✔- Tend to be diligent, well-
organized, punctual, and dependable
- associated with strong self-discipline and the ability to regulate oneself effectively
- Associated with higher grades, Career success
- Reduces likelihood of divorce
- correlated with the experience of less illness and with greater longevity
Grand theories - correct answer ✔✔an attempt to explain a great many facets of behaviour
Dark Triad - correct answer ✔✔specific combination of three traits leading to negative, antisocial
behavioural tendencies
Dark Triad - Machiavellianism - correct answer ✔✔is good at and enjoys manipulating others
Dark Triad - Psychopathy - correct answer ✔✔- feels little empathy
