Biol 2051 Exam 1 UPDATED Questions
and CORRECT Answers
What is microbiology? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- the study of life
What are microbes? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- forms of life too small to be seen by the
naked eye
What are some examples of microbes? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- bacteria, fungi, algae,
protists, etc
How are microbes used to control disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- by antibiotics
How do microbes help in agriculture? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- nitrogen fixing bacteria,
genetically engineered crops
What is the name of the bacteria in soil and soybean roots that fixes nitrogen? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Rhizobium sp.
What are some foods that are affected by microbes?? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- beer,
wine, bread, yogurt, pickles, chocolate
Which things are from genetically engineered microbes? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
insulin, growth hormone, vitamins
Are the majority of microbes pathogenic or nonpathogenic? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
nonpathogenic
The field of microbiology examines how microbes interact with ______, with food, and how
they can be used by humans. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- humans
What are the criteria for life? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1) metabolism
,2) repro
3)respond and adapt to external environment
4) growth
5) genetic variation and evolution
6) homeostasis
What is one of the most important functions of polypeptides (proteins)? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- as enzymes
Are proteins, nucleic acid, or carbs more important? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- nucleic
acid
What 2 functions does the plasma membrane help with? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
structure and transport
What enzyme breaks down cellulose into individual glucose molecules? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- cellulase
What part of the DNA is unique in every animal? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- rRNA
What did the comparisons of rRNA in different organisms lead to? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- split into 3 domains (archaea, eukarya, bacteria)
Are viruses alive? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- no
Can viruses replicate out of the host cell? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- no
Do they have biochemical activity outside of a host cell? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- little
to none
Is genetic manipulation easier with multicellular eukarya or microbes? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- microbes bc less genes
, How long have microbes dominated the planet? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 3.5 billion yrs
Where were fossilized mats discovered? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- australia
Who worked together to stimulate the spark that could have started forming organic
molecules from the primordial soup? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- stanley miller and mentor
harold urey
______- containing surfaces may have helped provide the right environments by "sticking"
the molecules to their surfaces. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- iron
What are the RNA molecules that can catalyze reactions called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
ribozymes
RNA could serve dual purpose of what? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- genetic info storage
and catalyzing reactions
What are the 3 things early life would have needed to exist on its own? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- 1) genetic info
2) ability to catalyze reactions
3) way of separating the cell interior from the external environment
What may have been the early form of a plasma membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
lipid layer known as a micelle
Is RNA or DNA less stable? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- RNA bc single stranded
Do viruses have DNA or RNA? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- just RNA
Which theory explains why eukaryotes appeared? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
endosymbiotic theory
and CORRECT Answers
What is microbiology? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- the study of life
What are microbes? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- forms of life too small to be seen by the
naked eye
What are some examples of microbes? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- bacteria, fungi, algae,
protists, etc
How are microbes used to control disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- by antibiotics
How do microbes help in agriculture? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- nitrogen fixing bacteria,
genetically engineered crops
What is the name of the bacteria in soil and soybean roots that fixes nitrogen? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Rhizobium sp.
What are some foods that are affected by microbes?? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- beer,
wine, bread, yogurt, pickles, chocolate
Which things are from genetically engineered microbes? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
insulin, growth hormone, vitamins
Are the majority of microbes pathogenic or nonpathogenic? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
nonpathogenic
The field of microbiology examines how microbes interact with ______, with food, and how
they can be used by humans. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- humans
What are the criteria for life? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1) metabolism
,2) repro
3)respond and adapt to external environment
4) growth
5) genetic variation and evolution
6) homeostasis
What is one of the most important functions of polypeptides (proteins)? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- as enzymes
Are proteins, nucleic acid, or carbs more important? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- nucleic
acid
What 2 functions does the plasma membrane help with? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
structure and transport
What enzyme breaks down cellulose into individual glucose molecules? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- cellulase
What part of the DNA is unique in every animal? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- rRNA
What did the comparisons of rRNA in different organisms lead to? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- split into 3 domains (archaea, eukarya, bacteria)
Are viruses alive? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- no
Can viruses replicate out of the host cell? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- no
Do they have biochemical activity outside of a host cell? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- little
to none
Is genetic manipulation easier with multicellular eukarya or microbes? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- microbes bc less genes
, How long have microbes dominated the planet? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 3.5 billion yrs
Where were fossilized mats discovered? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- australia
Who worked together to stimulate the spark that could have started forming organic
molecules from the primordial soup? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- stanley miller and mentor
harold urey
______- containing surfaces may have helped provide the right environments by "sticking"
the molecules to their surfaces. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- iron
What are the RNA molecules that can catalyze reactions called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
ribozymes
RNA could serve dual purpose of what? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- genetic info storage
and catalyzing reactions
What are the 3 things early life would have needed to exist on its own? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- 1) genetic info
2) ability to catalyze reactions
3) way of separating the cell interior from the external environment
What may have been the early form of a plasma membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
lipid layer known as a micelle
Is RNA or DNA less stable? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- RNA bc single stranded
Do viruses have DNA or RNA? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- just RNA
Which theory explains why eukaryotes appeared? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
endosymbiotic theory
