learning - psyc 1000 questions with complete solutions

learning - psyc 1000 questions with
complete solutions

classical conditioning - correct answer ✔✔a form of associative learning in which an organism learns to
associate a neutral stimulus (e.g., a sound) with a biologically relevant stimulus (e.g., food), which results
in a change in the response to the previously neutral stimulus (e.g., salivation)



unconditioned stimulus (US) - correct answer ✔✔a stimulus that elicits a reflexive response without
learning. includes smell of food, tickling of nose, grass resulting in sneezing.



unconditioned response (UR) - correct answer ✔✔reflective, unlearned reaction to an unconditioned
stimulus. includes hunger, drooling, expressions of pain, and sexual responses



conditioned stimulus (CS) - correct answer ✔✔a once-neutral stimulus that later elicits a conditioned
response because it has a history of being paired with an unconditioned stimulus



conditioned response (CR) - correct answer ✔✔the learned response that occurs to the conditioned
stimulus



acquisition - correct answer ✔✔the initial phase of learning in which a response is established



extinction - correct answer ✔✔the reduction of a conditioned response when a conditioned stimulus
and unconditioned stimulus no longer occur together



spontaneous recovery - correct answer ✔✔shown by animals, the reoccurrence of a previously
extinguished conditioned response, typically after some time has passed since extinction



generalization - correct answer ✔✔a process in which a response that originally occurred for a specific
stimulus also occurs for different, though similar, stimuli