PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM
AND PRACTICE EXAMS
1. When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which statement by the
nurse is correct? Select all that apply.
A. "You should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of
the readings."
B. "If you notice that the symptoms have gone away, you should be able to stop taking
the drug."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with
your doctor first."
D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next
office visit."
E. "Most over-the-counter decongestants are compatible with antihypertensive drugs."
f. "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better" - answer>>>>"You
should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of the
readings."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with
your doctor first."
D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next
office visit."f. "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better". Nicotinic
acid is prescribed for a patient with elevated lipid levels. The nurse informs the patient
that which adverse effects may occur with this medication?
A. Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
B. Tinnitus, urine with a burnt odor
C. Myalgia, fatigue
D. Blurred vision, headaches - answer>>>>Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
1. When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase
inhibitor for edema, the nurse monitors for which possible adverse effect?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Elevated blood glucose
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Drowsiness - answer>>>>B. Elevated Blood glucose and glycosuria in diabetics
1.When administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse should use which
technique?
A. The ointment should be applied on the chest over the heart.
B. The ointment should be used only in the case of a mild angina episode.
,C. The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is applied.
D. The ointment should be massaged gently into the skin, then covered with plastic
wrap. - answer>>>>C. The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is
applied.
10. A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for cerebral edema
and is given which type of drug to reduce intracranial pressure?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Osmotic diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Vasodilators - answer>>>>B. Osmotic diuretics
10. A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months complains of
having a persistent dry cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of
which class of antihypertensive drugs?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
C. Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs)
D. Calcium channel blockers - answer>>>>B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors other adverse effects are: fatigue, dizziness, mood changes, and headaches.
Dry non productive cough which is reversible when stopping ACE therapy. has a first
dose hypotension effect
10. The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor inamrinone recognizes that
this drug should have a positive inotropic effect. This effect will result in increased
A. heart rate.
B. blood vessel dilation.
C. force of cardiac contraction.
D. conduction of electrical impulses across the heart. - answer>>>>C. force of cardiac
contraction. (increase cAMP) positive inotropic (by more calcium available in SR)effect
and vasodilation, (inodilators)---positive chornotropic effect); USED IN ICU; ADVERSE
EFFECT...thrombocytopenia, dysrhythmia, ventricular, hypotension and angina,
hypokalemia, tremor.
10. The nurse should monitor for muscle pain and possible myopathy when a patient is
taking which class of antilipemic drugs?
A. Bile acid sequestrants
B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
C. Fibric acid derivatives
D. Niacin - answer>>>>B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
10.While assessing a patient who is taking a beta-blocker for angina, the nurse knows
to monitor for which adverse effect?
A. Nervousness
B. Hypertension
C. Bradycardia
, D. Dry cough - answer>>>>C. Bradycardia (blocks beta 1 and beta 2 receptors) other
adverse effects: negative chronotropic, decrease cardiac output, and negative
dromotropic effect, beta 2: bronchoconstriction, increased airway resistence (asthma
and COPD), cardiac rhytm, decrease renin release.
11. A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This patient
is very independent and wants to continue to live at home, despite his diagnosis of mild
heart failure. The nurse will know that which teaching point is important for this patient?
A. He should take the diuretic with his evening meal.
B. He should skip the diuretic dose if he plans to leave the house.
C. If he feels dizzy while on this medication, he should stop taking it and take potassium
supplements instead.
D. He should take extra precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic
hypotension and resulting injury from falls. - answer>>>>D. He should take extra
precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic hypotension and resulting
injury from falls.
11. The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide has been ordered.
Based on this order, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
A. Atrial fibrillation
B. Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
C. Systolic heart failure
D. Long-term treatment of heart failure. - answer>>>>B. Acutely decompensated heart
failure with dyspnea at rest
11. When teaching a patient who is beginning antilipemic therapy about possible drug-
food interactions, the nurse should discuss which food?
A. Oatmeal
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Licorice
D. Dairy products - answer>>>>B. Grapefruit juice
11. Which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is experiencing
hypertension?
A. mannitol (Osmitrol)
B. enalapril (Vasotec)
C. hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
D. methyldopa (Aldomet) - answer>>>>D. methyldopa (Aldomet); alpha 2-adrenergic
receptor stimulators (agonist); has high incidence of adverse effects: orthostatic
hypotension, fatigue, and dizziness. (clondine) is another drug but not used in
pregnancy
12. A patient diagnosed with prehypertension has a blood pressure reading of _____
mm Hg systolic _____ mm Hg diatolic.
A. less than 120; and less than 80
B. 120 and 139; or 80 and 89
AND PRACTICE EXAMS
1. When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which statement by the
nurse is correct? Select all that apply.
A. "You should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of
the readings."
B. "If you notice that the symptoms have gone away, you should be able to stop taking
the drug."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with
your doctor first."
D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next
office visit."
E. "Most over-the-counter decongestants are compatible with antihypertensive drugs."
f. "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better" - answer>>>>"You
should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of the
readings."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with
your doctor first."
D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next
office visit."f. "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better". Nicotinic
acid is prescribed for a patient with elevated lipid levels. The nurse informs the patient
that which adverse effects may occur with this medication?
A. Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
B. Tinnitus, urine with a burnt odor
C. Myalgia, fatigue
D. Blurred vision, headaches - answer>>>>Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
1. When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase
inhibitor for edema, the nurse monitors for which possible adverse effect?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Elevated blood glucose
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Drowsiness - answer>>>>B. Elevated Blood glucose and glycosuria in diabetics
1.When administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse should use which
technique?
A. The ointment should be applied on the chest over the heart.
B. The ointment should be used only in the case of a mild angina episode.
,C. The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is applied.
D. The ointment should be massaged gently into the skin, then covered with plastic
wrap. - answer>>>>C. The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is
applied.
10. A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for cerebral edema
and is given which type of drug to reduce intracranial pressure?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Osmotic diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Vasodilators - answer>>>>B. Osmotic diuretics
10. A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months complains of
having a persistent dry cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of
which class of antihypertensive drugs?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
C. Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs)
D. Calcium channel blockers - answer>>>>B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors other adverse effects are: fatigue, dizziness, mood changes, and headaches.
Dry non productive cough which is reversible when stopping ACE therapy. has a first
dose hypotension effect
10. The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor inamrinone recognizes that
this drug should have a positive inotropic effect. This effect will result in increased
A. heart rate.
B. blood vessel dilation.
C. force of cardiac contraction.
D. conduction of electrical impulses across the heart. - answer>>>>C. force of cardiac
contraction. (increase cAMP) positive inotropic (by more calcium available in SR)effect
and vasodilation, (inodilators)---positive chornotropic effect); USED IN ICU; ADVERSE
EFFECT...thrombocytopenia, dysrhythmia, ventricular, hypotension and angina,
hypokalemia, tremor.
10. The nurse should monitor for muscle pain and possible myopathy when a patient is
taking which class of antilipemic drugs?
A. Bile acid sequestrants
B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
C. Fibric acid derivatives
D. Niacin - answer>>>>B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
10.While assessing a patient who is taking a beta-blocker for angina, the nurse knows
to monitor for which adverse effect?
A. Nervousness
B. Hypertension
C. Bradycardia
, D. Dry cough - answer>>>>C. Bradycardia (blocks beta 1 and beta 2 receptors) other
adverse effects: negative chronotropic, decrease cardiac output, and negative
dromotropic effect, beta 2: bronchoconstriction, increased airway resistence (asthma
and COPD), cardiac rhytm, decrease renin release.
11. A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This patient
is very independent and wants to continue to live at home, despite his diagnosis of mild
heart failure. The nurse will know that which teaching point is important for this patient?
A. He should take the diuretic with his evening meal.
B. He should skip the diuretic dose if he plans to leave the house.
C. If he feels dizzy while on this medication, he should stop taking it and take potassium
supplements instead.
D. He should take extra precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic
hypotension and resulting injury from falls. - answer>>>>D. He should take extra
precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic hypotension and resulting
injury from falls.
11. The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide has been ordered.
Based on this order, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
A. Atrial fibrillation
B. Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
C. Systolic heart failure
D. Long-term treatment of heart failure. - answer>>>>B. Acutely decompensated heart
failure with dyspnea at rest
11. When teaching a patient who is beginning antilipemic therapy about possible drug-
food interactions, the nurse should discuss which food?
A. Oatmeal
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Licorice
D. Dairy products - answer>>>>B. Grapefruit juice
11. Which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is experiencing
hypertension?
A. mannitol (Osmitrol)
B. enalapril (Vasotec)
C. hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
D. methyldopa (Aldomet) - answer>>>>D. methyldopa (Aldomet); alpha 2-adrenergic
receptor stimulators (agonist); has high incidence of adverse effects: orthostatic
hypotension, fatigue, and dizziness. (clondine) is another drug but not used in
pregnancy
12. A patient diagnosed with prehypertension has a blood pressure reading of _____
mm Hg systolic _____ mm Hg diatolic.
A. less than 120; and less than 80
B. 120 and 139; or 80 and 89
