©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
[APK2100C] Chapter 13 Exam Study Guide.
Rostral - answer✔[Quadripedal] Towards the snout
[Bipedal] Towards the nose
Caudal - answer✔[Quadripedal] Towards the tail
[Bipedal] Towards the end of spinal cord
4 Major Divisions of the Brain - answer✔(1) Cerebrum
(2) Diencephalon
(3) Cerebellum
(4) Brain Stem
Cerebrum - answer✔- Largest part of the brain
- Contains more than 80% of the brain's mass
- Includes left and right hemispheres
- External "wrinkles" increase surface area
Diencephalon - answer✔Gives rise to the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus
Cerebellum - answer✔2nd largest part of the brain
Brain Stem - answer✔- Rostral continuation of the spinal code
- Consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain
[Structure] Brain Ventricle - answer✔- Cerebrospinal fluid-filled cavities within the brain
- Are continuous with each other and the central canal
- Lined with CILIATED ependymal cells
[Function] Brain Ventricle - answer✔Provides brain nourishment to nearby regions using the
CSF
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, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
The {Lateral Ventricles} are associated with what adult brain structure? - answer✔Cerebrum ->
Containing the cerebral hemispheres (cortex, white matter, basal nuclei)
The {Third Ventricle} is associated with what adult brain structures? - answer✔- Diencephalon
(with its 3 divisions)
- Retina
The {Cerebral Aqueduct} is associated with what adult brain structure? - answer✔Midbrain
(part of brain stem)
The {Fourth Ventricle} is associated with what adult brain structures? - answer✔- Pons (part of
brain stem)
- Medulla Oblongata (part of brain stem)
- Cerebellum
The {Central Canal} is associated with what adult brain structure? - answer✔Spinal cord
The General Flow of Brain Ventricles - answer✔**Going from rostral to caudal
2 Lateral Ventricles (one per hemisphere) -> Folds into the Third Ventricle -> Folds into Cerebral
Aqueduct -> Folds into Fourth Ventricle -> Down the Central Canal to the spinal cord
Grey Matter of the Cerebrum - answer✔- Contains a superficial cerebral cortex and deep grey
matter
- Presence of neuronal cell bodies and short nonmyelinated axons
White Matter of the Cerebrum - answer✔- Contains cerebral white matter
- Presence of mainly myelinated axons
Sulcus - answer✔- Shallow grooves on the surface of the cerebrum
- Separates individual lobes
Fissure - answer✔Deep grooves of the cerebrum
Gyrus - answer✔- The ridge or external "wrinkles" of the brain to increase surface area
- Foldings that are found on either side of the central sulcus
4 Main Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex - answer✔(1) Frontal
2|Page
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
[APK2100C] Chapter 13 Exam Study Guide.
Rostral - answer✔[Quadripedal] Towards the snout
[Bipedal] Towards the nose
Caudal - answer✔[Quadripedal] Towards the tail
[Bipedal] Towards the end of spinal cord
4 Major Divisions of the Brain - answer✔(1) Cerebrum
(2) Diencephalon
(3) Cerebellum
(4) Brain Stem
Cerebrum - answer✔- Largest part of the brain
- Contains more than 80% of the brain's mass
- Includes left and right hemispheres
- External "wrinkles" increase surface area
Diencephalon - answer✔Gives rise to the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus
Cerebellum - answer✔2nd largest part of the brain
Brain Stem - answer✔- Rostral continuation of the spinal code
- Consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain
[Structure] Brain Ventricle - answer✔- Cerebrospinal fluid-filled cavities within the brain
- Are continuous with each other and the central canal
- Lined with CILIATED ependymal cells
[Function] Brain Ventricle - answer✔Provides brain nourishment to nearby regions using the
CSF
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
The {Lateral Ventricles} are associated with what adult brain structure? - answer✔Cerebrum ->
Containing the cerebral hemispheres (cortex, white matter, basal nuclei)
The {Third Ventricle} is associated with what adult brain structures? - answer✔- Diencephalon
(with its 3 divisions)
- Retina
The {Cerebral Aqueduct} is associated with what adult brain structure? - answer✔Midbrain
(part of brain stem)
The {Fourth Ventricle} is associated with what adult brain structures? - answer✔- Pons (part of
brain stem)
- Medulla Oblongata (part of brain stem)
- Cerebellum
The {Central Canal} is associated with what adult brain structure? - answer✔Spinal cord
The General Flow of Brain Ventricles - answer✔**Going from rostral to caudal
2 Lateral Ventricles (one per hemisphere) -> Folds into the Third Ventricle -> Folds into Cerebral
Aqueduct -> Folds into Fourth Ventricle -> Down the Central Canal to the spinal cord
Grey Matter of the Cerebrum - answer✔- Contains a superficial cerebral cortex and deep grey
matter
- Presence of neuronal cell bodies and short nonmyelinated axons
White Matter of the Cerebrum - answer✔- Contains cerebral white matter
- Presence of mainly myelinated axons
Sulcus - answer✔- Shallow grooves on the surface of the cerebrum
- Separates individual lobes
Fissure - answer✔Deep grooves of the cerebrum
Gyrus - answer✔- The ridge or external "wrinkles" of the brain to increase surface area
- Foldings that are found on either side of the central sulcus
4 Main Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex - answer✔(1) Frontal
2|Page
