AHN 548 Exam Tested Questions
With Revised Correct Detailed
Answers
>Latest Update>>
Intracranial hemorrhage- SUBDURAL - ANSWER r/t birth trauma- bleeding
caused by tears in the veins that bridge the subdural space.
May be asymptomatic or sz in first 2-3 days of life, vomiting, irritability, and
thlethargy. A/w retinal hemorrhages and full fontanelle.
Dx: CT scan
Tx: needle drainage rarely necessary, most patients normal on follow up
Intracranial hemorrhage- SUBARACHNOID - ANSWER Most common
R/t trauma of delivery if term, or in preterm, a/w germinal matrix hemorrhage.
Sx: asymptomatic or seizures and irritability on day 2- sz usually brief with normal
exam interictally.
Dx: LP and confirmed with CT
Good prognosis long-term
Neonatal Stroke - ANSWER injury often antenatal.
Sx: seizures
Dx: diffusion-weighted MRI- mostly middle cerebral artery
Tx: control sz, variable outcomes
,Hyperglycemia - ANSWER May develop in preterm, SGA, or lbw infants.
Usually lasts 1 week
Tx: reduce glucose intake, IV insulin, IV amino acids to prevent protein catabolism
Hypocalcemia - ANSWER Sx: irritability, jitteriness, seizures, normal BG, ?
dysmorphic features, congenital heart disease, high pitched cry
Early onset- a/w prematurity, IDM, asphyxia and maternal hypoparathyroidism.
Late onset- a/w modified cow's milk, low vitamin D
Tx: PO calcium salts and vitamin D, IV calcium if symptomatic- give SLOWLY
THROUGH CENTRAL LINE
Inborn errors of metabolism - ANSWER Sx: altered LOC in a previously well-
appearing infant, tachypnea without hypoxemia or distress, hypoglycemia,
respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, recurrent "sepsis" without proven
infection
Development
1-2 mo - ANSWER Holds head erect and lifts head
turns from ide to back
regards faces and follows objects through visual field
drops toys
becomes alert inresponse to voice
recognizes parents
engages in vocalizations
,smiles spontaneously
Development
3-5mo - ANSWER grasps cube- firs tulnar then later thumb opposition
reaches for and brings objects to mouth
makes raspberry sound
sits with support
laughs
anticipates food on sight
turns from back to side
Development
6-8mo - ANSWER Sits alone for a short period
Reaches with 1 hand
First scoops up a pellet then grasps it using thumb opposition
Imitates bye-bye
Passes object from hand to hand in midline
Babbles
Rolls from back to stomach
Inhibited by the word No
Development
9-11 mo - ANSWER Stands alone, imitates patacake and peekaboo
uses thumb and index finger to pick up a pellet
, Walks by supporting self on furniture
Follows 1-step verbal commands
Development
1year - ANSWER Walks independently
Says mama and dada with meaning
Can use a neat pincer grasp to pick up a pellet
Releases cube into cup after demonstration
Gives toys on request
Tries to build a tower of two cubes
Pointed to desired objects
Says 1 or 2 other words
Development
18mo - ANSWER Builds tower of 3-4 cubes
throws ball
seats self in chair
dumps pellet from bottle
Walks up and down stairs with help
Says 4-20 words
Understands a 2-step command
Carries and hugs dolls
Feeds self
With Revised Correct Detailed
Answers
>Latest Update>>
Intracranial hemorrhage- SUBDURAL - ANSWER r/t birth trauma- bleeding
caused by tears in the veins that bridge the subdural space.
May be asymptomatic or sz in first 2-3 days of life, vomiting, irritability, and
thlethargy. A/w retinal hemorrhages and full fontanelle.
Dx: CT scan
Tx: needle drainage rarely necessary, most patients normal on follow up
Intracranial hemorrhage- SUBARACHNOID - ANSWER Most common
R/t trauma of delivery if term, or in preterm, a/w germinal matrix hemorrhage.
Sx: asymptomatic or seizures and irritability on day 2- sz usually brief with normal
exam interictally.
Dx: LP and confirmed with CT
Good prognosis long-term
Neonatal Stroke - ANSWER injury often antenatal.
Sx: seizures
Dx: diffusion-weighted MRI- mostly middle cerebral artery
Tx: control sz, variable outcomes
,Hyperglycemia - ANSWER May develop in preterm, SGA, or lbw infants.
Usually lasts 1 week
Tx: reduce glucose intake, IV insulin, IV amino acids to prevent protein catabolism
Hypocalcemia - ANSWER Sx: irritability, jitteriness, seizures, normal BG, ?
dysmorphic features, congenital heart disease, high pitched cry
Early onset- a/w prematurity, IDM, asphyxia and maternal hypoparathyroidism.
Late onset- a/w modified cow's milk, low vitamin D
Tx: PO calcium salts and vitamin D, IV calcium if symptomatic- give SLOWLY
THROUGH CENTRAL LINE
Inborn errors of metabolism - ANSWER Sx: altered LOC in a previously well-
appearing infant, tachypnea without hypoxemia or distress, hypoglycemia,
respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, recurrent "sepsis" without proven
infection
Development
1-2 mo - ANSWER Holds head erect and lifts head
turns from ide to back
regards faces and follows objects through visual field
drops toys
becomes alert inresponse to voice
recognizes parents
engages in vocalizations
,smiles spontaneously
Development
3-5mo - ANSWER grasps cube- firs tulnar then later thumb opposition
reaches for and brings objects to mouth
makes raspberry sound
sits with support
laughs
anticipates food on sight
turns from back to side
Development
6-8mo - ANSWER Sits alone for a short period
Reaches with 1 hand
First scoops up a pellet then grasps it using thumb opposition
Imitates bye-bye
Passes object from hand to hand in midline
Babbles
Rolls from back to stomach
Inhibited by the word No
Development
9-11 mo - ANSWER Stands alone, imitates patacake and peekaboo
uses thumb and index finger to pick up a pellet
, Walks by supporting self on furniture
Follows 1-step verbal commands
Development
1year - ANSWER Walks independently
Says mama and dada with meaning
Can use a neat pincer grasp to pick up a pellet
Releases cube into cup after demonstration
Gives toys on request
Tries to build a tower of two cubes
Pointed to desired objects
Says 1 or 2 other words
Development
18mo - ANSWER Builds tower of 3-4 cubes
throws ball
seats self in chair
dumps pellet from bottle
Walks up and down stairs with help
Says 4-20 words
Understands a 2-step command
Carries and hugs dolls
Feeds self
