ATI RN MED SURG RETAKE 2019 UPDATED VERSION
100 QUESTIONS AND UPDATED CORRECT ANSWERS
Arteriosclerosis obliterans - ANSWER: narrowing of the arteries in the legs and feet.
Which leads to a decrease in blood flow and tissue damage.
Common s/s: intermittent claudication, cold or numb feet at rest, loss of hair on
lower legs, and weakened pulses.
A nurse is caring for a patient who had an M.I. 24 hours ago, it is essential for the
nurse to watch for ? - ANSWER: Ventricular dysrhythmia. Ischemic tissue can
interfere with normal conduction of the heart and the heart can have an irritable
conduction system after an MI
After vein litigation and vericose stripping a patient should be positioned how? -
ANSWER: Supine with legs elevated 15 degrees. Legs should never dangle over the
bed. Encourage use of continous compression socks.
Monitor extremity for warmth, color, edema, pulses.
Monitor for bleeding through the bandages
Cardiogenic shock - ANSWER: tachycardia, low blood pressure, weak pulses, cold,
clammy, decreased urinary output and cerebral hypoxia.
A client with hypovolemic shock will need what ? - ANSWER: 0.9% sodium chloride
and lactated ringers are used for acute volume expansion. They are an isotonic
solution that replaces lost volume in the blood stream.
Heparin and coumadin monitoring - ANSWER: Heparin + PTT= 10 letters
Coumadin + PT(INR)= 10 letters
PTT therapeutic levels - ANSWER: normal PTT levels are about 30-45 seconds. The
desired effect is 1.5-2 times the norm, so between 60-80 seconds.
Four hours after a fresh frozen plasma transfusion, repeat lab work is drawn, what
should the nurse interpret to evaluate the patient's response? - ANSWER:
Prothrombin time. The desire is a decrease in prothrombin time. The plasma is rich
with clotting factors and given to those with clotting disorders.
Cardiac enzymes - ANSWER: After an MI
CK- elevated 3 to 6 hours for 2-3 days.
Tropinin T- elevated 2-3 hours for 10-14 days.
Troponin I- elevated 2-3 hours for 7-10 days.
Myoglobin- elevated 2-3 hours for 24 hours.
Cholesterol levels - ANSWER: Total-less than 200
LDL-less than 130 (Bad) transports cholesterol from the liver to the cells
HDL- females >55; males >45 transports cholesterol from arteries to the liver
, Triglycerides- females 35-135; males 40-160 Evaluates client risk for heart disease.
Which of the following enzymes is the earliest and most accurate indicator of acute
myocardial damge? - ANSWER: cardiac contractile protien troponin T is the earliest.
It is elevated after an MI
LDH-1 &2 are used to diagnose a person who comes in after the acute phase of an
MI (delayed admission). They peak later.
creatinine phopsphokinase (CPK) is an acute indicator but is not the best one. is
increased in cases of severe angina pectoris, coronary insuficiency, and acut MI
After an MI, a patient has a sudden onset of air hunger, and frothy pink sputum with
a cough. The nurse should hear what adventitious sounds? - ANSWER: Crackles- they
can happen after an MI and are associated with this and CHF and frothy sputum.
In a client with a cardiac contusion, what area of the heart is the most affected? -
ANSWER: Right Ventricle because it lies beneath the sternum and the impact with
the sternum will cause the most damage.
Digoxin toxicity - ANSWER: nausea, braydcardia (<60), and vomiting
epoetin alfa - ANSWER: synthetic version of human erythropoiten. Used in those
with anemia associated with kidney disease or medication therapy. Increases and
maintains red blood cell levels. Will regain normal HCT and HGB levels within 2-4
weeks.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) - ANSWER: Dilation of a
coronary artery that is obstructed. A catheter with a baloon on the end is placed in
the obstructed artery and then inflated. The inflated baloon will flatten the
atherosclerotic plaque against the wall of the artery.
The nurse should remain with her patient for how many minutes after starting a
blood transfusion ? - ANSWER: For the first 15 minutes. This is the time that you will
most likely see a reaction to the transfusion.
Pericarditis manifestations - ANSWER: Dyspnea with a rapid respiratory rate because
deep inspirations will increase chest pain due to increased pressure on the inflamed
pericardial sac. The person will take short, shallow breaths.
Mitral stenosis - ANSWER: Defective mitral valve can cause CHF due to a faulty valve
that allows blood to flow back into the pulmonary veins and cause capillary
engorgement and fluid accumulation in the lungs.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm manifestations: - ANSWER: Lower back discomfort and
abdominal pain because Abdominal aortic aneurysm involves a widening, stretching,
or ballooning of the aorta. Back and abdominal pain indicate that the aneurysm is
extending downward and pressing on lumbar spinal nerve roots, causing pain.
100 QUESTIONS AND UPDATED CORRECT ANSWERS
Arteriosclerosis obliterans - ANSWER: narrowing of the arteries in the legs and feet.
Which leads to a decrease in blood flow and tissue damage.
Common s/s: intermittent claudication, cold or numb feet at rest, loss of hair on
lower legs, and weakened pulses.
A nurse is caring for a patient who had an M.I. 24 hours ago, it is essential for the
nurse to watch for ? - ANSWER: Ventricular dysrhythmia. Ischemic tissue can
interfere with normal conduction of the heart and the heart can have an irritable
conduction system after an MI
After vein litigation and vericose stripping a patient should be positioned how? -
ANSWER: Supine with legs elevated 15 degrees. Legs should never dangle over the
bed. Encourage use of continous compression socks.
Monitor extremity for warmth, color, edema, pulses.
Monitor for bleeding through the bandages
Cardiogenic shock - ANSWER: tachycardia, low blood pressure, weak pulses, cold,
clammy, decreased urinary output and cerebral hypoxia.
A client with hypovolemic shock will need what ? - ANSWER: 0.9% sodium chloride
and lactated ringers are used for acute volume expansion. They are an isotonic
solution that replaces lost volume in the blood stream.
Heparin and coumadin monitoring - ANSWER: Heparin + PTT= 10 letters
Coumadin + PT(INR)= 10 letters
PTT therapeutic levels - ANSWER: normal PTT levels are about 30-45 seconds. The
desired effect is 1.5-2 times the norm, so between 60-80 seconds.
Four hours after a fresh frozen plasma transfusion, repeat lab work is drawn, what
should the nurse interpret to evaluate the patient's response? - ANSWER:
Prothrombin time. The desire is a decrease in prothrombin time. The plasma is rich
with clotting factors and given to those with clotting disorders.
Cardiac enzymes - ANSWER: After an MI
CK- elevated 3 to 6 hours for 2-3 days.
Tropinin T- elevated 2-3 hours for 10-14 days.
Troponin I- elevated 2-3 hours for 7-10 days.
Myoglobin- elevated 2-3 hours for 24 hours.
Cholesterol levels - ANSWER: Total-less than 200
LDL-less than 130 (Bad) transports cholesterol from the liver to the cells
HDL- females >55; males >45 transports cholesterol from arteries to the liver
, Triglycerides- females 35-135; males 40-160 Evaluates client risk for heart disease.
Which of the following enzymes is the earliest and most accurate indicator of acute
myocardial damge? - ANSWER: cardiac contractile protien troponin T is the earliest.
It is elevated after an MI
LDH-1 &2 are used to diagnose a person who comes in after the acute phase of an
MI (delayed admission). They peak later.
creatinine phopsphokinase (CPK) is an acute indicator but is not the best one. is
increased in cases of severe angina pectoris, coronary insuficiency, and acut MI
After an MI, a patient has a sudden onset of air hunger, and frothy pink sputum with
a cough. The nurse should hear what adventitious sounds? - ANSWER: Crackles- they
can happen after an MI and are associated with this and CHF and frothy sputum.
In a client with a cardiac contusion, what area of the heart is the most affected? -
ANSWER: Right Ventricle because it lies beneath the sternum and the impact with
the sternum will cause the most damage.
Digoxin toxicity - ANSWER: nausea, braydcardia (<60), and vomiting
epoetin alfa - ANSWER: synthetic version of human erythropoiten. Used in those
with anemia associated with kidney disease or medication therapy. Increases and
maintains red blood cell levels. Will regain normal HCT and HGB levels within 2-4
weeks.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) - ANSWER: Dilation of a
coronary artery that is obstructed. A catheter with a baloon on the end is placed in
the obstructed artery and then inflated. The inflated baloon will flatten the
atherosclerotic plaque against the wall of the artery.
The nurse should remain with her patient for how many minutes after starting a
blood transfusion ? - ANSWER: For the first 15 minutes. This is the time that you will
most likely see a reaction to the transfusion.
Pericarditis manifestations - ANSWER: Dyspnea with a rapid respiratory rate because
deep inspirations will increase chest pain due to increased pressure on the inflamed
pericardial sac. The person will take short, shallow breaths.
Mitral stenosis - ANSWER: Defective mitral valve can cause CHF due to a faulty valve
that allows blood to flow back into the pulmonary veins and cause capillary
engorgement and fluid accumulation in the lungs.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm manifestations: - ANSWER: Lower back discomfort and
abdominal pain because Abdominal aortic aneurysm involves a widening, stretching,
or ballooning of the aorta. Back and abdominal pain indicate that the aneurysm is
extending downward and pressing on lumbar spinal nerve roots, causing pain.
