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samenvatting longtumoren deel pneumologie

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samenvatting longtumoren deel pneumologie PGO

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Samenvatting PGO longtumoren


Oorzaken
 Tabakrook (85%)
 ¼ belgen rookt (dalende trend)
 Passief roken > erger op cardiovasculair niveau
 Bevat 40 carcinogenen: N- nitrosamines en polyccylische aromatische
koolwaterstoffen => DNA adducts
 Afhk van pack year (leeftijd begin, aantal per dag, duur van roken)
 Ex- roker doet het beter, maar nog steeds 2- 3x hoger dan nooit- roker (afhk van
leeftijd)
 Beroep: asbest, staalindustrie, mijnbouw,…
 Omgeving: radon (mijnarbeiders)
 Genetische predispositie


Epidemiologie
 Incidentie
 Wereld: 1,6 M / jaar
 Europa: 265 000/jaar
 Mortaliteit
 Wereld: 1,4 M/ jaar => letaliteit: 85%
 Europa: 236 M/jaar
 Belangrijkste kanker mortaliteit bij vrouwen en mannen (N1 KILLER)
 3e meest frequente tumor bij vrouw
 2e meest frequente tumor bij man


Preventie: longkankerscreening
 24% mortaliteitsreductie
 Andere behandelingsopties (vaak goedkoper!)
 Voorwaarden voor screening
 Hoge prevalentie vd ziekte
 Lage prevalentie van pseudoziekte
 Effectieve test om pre- klinische fase te detecteren
 Effectieve behandeling
 Kosteneffectief
 Bij wie?
 55- 80 jaar
 Roker of ex- roker binnen 15 jaar
 30 pakjaren >
 Hoe?
 Low- dose CT

, Samenvatting PGO longtumoren


Klachten
 5% asymptomatisch
 Lokaal
 Zwelling
 Obstructie/invasie
 Ulceratie
 Infectie
 Hemoptoe
 Pijn => als het in de thoraxwand, rib of zenuw groeit
 Dyspnoe, hoest, sputum, slikstoornis
 Atelectase door bronchusobstructie
 Zelden hyperinflatie door air trapping
 Systemisch
 Gewichtverlies
 Vermagering
 Koorts
 Metastase: extra pulmonale manifestaties
 Syndromen door lokale ingroei tumor
 Superior vena cava syndroom
 Compressie VCS
 Cyanose
 Opgezwollen gezicht en hals
 Stuwing venen op thorax en hals
 Hornersyndroom
 Ingroei in OS door longtoptumor
 Ptose
 Myose
 Enoftalmie
 Anhydrosis
 Pancoastsyndroom
 Ingroei in plexus brachialis door tumor in superior sulcus van de
long/thoraxwand
 Pijn in schouder uitstralend naar arm
 Soms motore uitval/ krachtverlies
 Vaak samengaan met horner




 Paraneoplastische syndromen: afwijkingen op afstand niet direct door tumor
veroorzaakt (O/ auto- antilichamen OF toxine/ hormoon secretie door tumor) KE!!!

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Uploaded on
November 16, 2024
Number of pages
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Written in
2023/2024
Type
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