ODM 830 Exam 3 Guide With
Complete Solution
List 5 preventable/curable STDs - ANSWER - chlamydia
- gonorrhea
- syphilis
- HPV
- trichomoniasis
true/false: in 2015-2016, the number of cases of syphilis increased - ANSWER
true
list 3 factors that predispose someone to an STD - ANSWER - first sexual
experience at young age
- multiple sexual partners
- low education
- low SES
- urban dweller
- incarceration
- use of crack cocaine
- unprotected intercourse
true/false: diagnosis of STDs can be complicated because some infections can
,be asymptomatic. These infections can not be cured. - ANSWER - first true
- second false: most can be cured with no ill effect if detected early
STDs caused by bacteria include - ANSWER gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia,
chancroid
Neiserria gonorrhoeae is a gram ________________, and is (aerobic/anaerobic) -
ANSWER gram negative diplococcus, aerobic
which bacterial STD has a strict requirement for moisture and pH, can be
easily killed by *drying*, and is not transmitted by fomites? - ANSWER
neiserria gonorrhea
true/false: neiserria gonorrhea infects women more than men. it is easily
transferred from surface to surface via fomites. - ANSWER both false
(men more affected than women, not transmitted by fomites)
true/false: blacks are more commonly affected with gonorrhea than any
other race/ethnicity. the Healthy People 2010 target for gonorrhea is 19
cases per 100,000 population. - ANSWER both true
prevalence of gonorrhea is highest in persons living in what region of the US?
- ANSWER south
true/false: neiserria gonorrhea replicates in squamous epithelium better than
columnar epithelium. it is commonly seen in the oral cavity of patients
infected with the bacteria. - ANSWER both false
- n gonorrhea replicates better in *transitional epithelium* (urethra) than
squamous epithelium.
- rare in oral cavity but when present, infects the *oropharyngeal transition
,region*
n gonorrhea is rare in the oral cavity, but when present, infects the
______________________ region - ANSWER oropharyngeal transition region
in regards to gonorrhea, up to _____% of men are asymptomatic, whereas
_______ of women are asymptomatic - ANSWER 40% (men), 50-80% (women)
women infected with n gonorrhea can lead to _________________________, occurs
in 1 million women per year, and can lead to ectopic pregnancy, infertility
and chronic pain - ANSWER pelvic inflammatory disease
true/false: gonococcal pharyngitis is very common. when observed, it is seen
in men that have sex with men and is frequently asymptomatic. - ANSWER -
first false: it is uncommon (0.7%-22% infected pts have oral infections)
- second true: transmission is also infrequent
how is the laboratory diagnosis of n gonorrhea made? - ANSWER gram stain
for presumptive diagnosis, culture of throat or urine for definitive diagnosis
(large numbers of PMNs present)
treatment of gonorrhea - ANSWER CDC recommends "dual therapy"
- single does of injectable cephalosporin (ceftriaxone 250mg IM 1 dose) + 1
gram azythromycin
gonorrhea has a coinfection with ________________ in 50-70% of cases -
ANSWER chlamydia trachomatis
up to ________ of cases of gonorrhea are penicillin resistant - ANSWER 27.2%
in regards to tx of gonorrhea (with or without coinfection with chlamydia),
while dual therapy suggests *ceftriaxone 250mg IM 1 dose) + 1 gram
, azthryomycin, _________________ can be used in place of azythromycin -
ANSWER 100mg orally of doxycycline twice daily for 7 days
an alternative cephalosporin to ceftriaxone used for tx of gonorrhea is -
ANSWER cefixime (suprax) 400mg orally
does a dental patient with a history of gonorrhea and NO signs of infection
pose a threat to a dental healthcare worker? - ANSWER no, however, clinical
exam should always include assessment for signs of active infection
_______________ is an STD caused by bacteria that has often been called "the
great imitator" because so many of the signs and symptoms are
indistinguishable from those of other diseases - ANSWER syphilis
t pallidum is a bacteria that causes syphilis and is considered an
(aerobic/anaerobic) _________________ - ANSWER anaerobic spirochete
true/false: syphilis is easily spread via fomites. males to female ratio is 3:1. -
ANSWER - first false (fomite spread is rare; almost exclusively transmitted via
sexual contact)
- second true
risk group for syphilis - ANSWER - 15-25 years old
- 3:1 male to female
presentation and stages of syphilis - ANSWER - *primary:* single sore
(chancre)
- *secondary*: skin rash and mucous membrane lesions (not itchy)
- *latent*: asymptomatic but seroreactive
- *tertiary*: organ damage (CNS, aortic aneurysm)
Complete Solution
List 5 preventable/curable STDs - ANSWER - chlamydia
- gonorrhea
- syphilis
- HPV
- trichomoniasis
true/false: in 2015-2016, the number of cases of syphilis increased - ANSWER
true
list 3 factors that predispose someone to an STD - ANSWER - first sexual
experience at young age
- multiple sexual partners
- low education
- low SES
- urban dweller
- incarceration
- use of crack cocaine
- unprotected intercourse
true/false: diagnosis of STDs can be complicated because some infections can
,be asymptomatic. These infections can not be cured. - ANSWER - first true
- second false: most can be cured with no ill effect if detected early
STDs caused by bacteria include - ANSWER gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia,
chancroid
Neiserria gonorrhoeae is a gram ________________, and is (aerobic/anaerobic) -
ANSWER gram negative diplococcus, aerobic
which bacterial STD has a strict requirement for moisture and pH, can be
easily killed by *drying*, and is not transmitted by fomites? - ANSWER
neiserria gonorrhea
true/false: neiserria gonorrhea infects women more than men. it is easily
transferred from surface to surface via fomites. - ANSWER both false
(men more affected than women, not transmitted by fomites)
true/false: blacks are more commonly affected with gonorrhea than any
other race/ethnicity. the Healthy People 2010 target for gonorrhea is 19
cases per 100,000 population. - ANSWER both true
prevalence of gonorrhea is highest in persons living in what region of the US?
- ANSWER south
true/false: neiserria gonorrhea replicates in squamous epithelium better than
columnar epithelium. it is commonly seen in the oral cavity of patients
infected with the bacteria. - ANSWER both false
- n gonorrhea replicates better in *transitional epithelium* (urethra) than
squamous epithelium.
- rare in oral cavity but when present, infects the *oropharyngeal transition
,region*
n gonorrhea is rare in the oral cavity, but when present, infects the
______________________ region - ANSWER oropharyngeal transition region
in regards to gonorrhea, up to _____% of men are asymptomatic, whereas
_______ of women are asymptomatic - ANSWER 40% (men), 50-80% (women)
women infected with n gonorrhea can lead to _________________________, occurs
in 1 million women per year, and can lead to ectopic pregnancy, infertility
and chronic pain - ANSWER pelvic inflammatory disease
true/false: gonococcal pharyngitis is very common. when observed, it is seen
in men that have sex with men and is frequently asymptomatic. - ANSWER -
first false: it is uncommon (0.7%-22% infected pts have oral infections)
- second true: transmission is also infrequent
how is the laboratory diagnosis of n gonorrhea made? - ANSWER gram stain
for presumptive diagnosis, culture of throat or urine for definitive diagnosis
(large numbers of PMNs present)
treatment of gonorrhea - ANSWER CDC recommends "dual therapy"
- single does of injectable cephalosporin (ceftriaxone 250mg IM 1 dose) + 1
gram azythromycin
gonorrhea has a coinfection with ________________ in 50-70% of cases -
ANSWER chlamydia trachomatis
up to ________ of cases of gonorrhea are penicillin resistant - ANSWER 27.2%
in regards to tx of gonorrhea (with or without coinfection with chlamydia),
while dual therapy suggests *ceftriaxone 250mg IM 1 dose) + 1 gram
, azthryomycin, _________________ can be used in place of azythromycin -
ANSWER 100mg orally of doxycycline twice daily for 7 days
an alternative cephalosporin to ceftriaxone used for tx of gonorrhea is -
ANSWER cefixime (suprax) 400mg orally
does a dental patient with a history of gonorrhea and NO signs of infection
pose a threat to a dental healthcare worker? - ANSWER no, however, clinical
exam should always include assessment for signs of active infection
_______________ is an STD caused by bacteria that has often been called "the
great imitator" because so many of the signs and symptoms are
indistinguishable from those of other diseases - ANSWER syphilis
t pallidum is a bacteria that causes syphilis and is considered an
(aerobic/anaerobic) _________________ - ANSWER anaerobic spirochete
true/false: syphilis is easily spread via fomites. males to female ratio is 3:1. -
ANSWER - first false (fomite spread is rare; almost exclusively transmitted via
sexual contact)
- second true
risk group for syphilis - ANSWER - 15-25 years old
- 3:1 male to female
presentation and stages of syphilis - ANSWER - *primary:* single sore
(chancre)
- *secondary*: skin rash and mucous membrane lesions (not itchy)
- *latent*: asymptomatic but seroreactive
- *tertiary*: organ damage (CNS, aortic aneurysm)
