Music 101 Exam #2 BYU Hinckley
Questions and Answers
Bach, Johann Sebastian - Answer--Known for his fugues
-Master of the polyphonic style
-Wrote a lot of sacred music
Basso continuo - Answer-Player improvises or "realizes" the bass line.
-Usually the lowest string instrument and the harpsichord do this.
Cadenza - Answer--Improvised solo by soloist in a concerto
-The orchestra pauses until soloist is done
Castrati - Answer--Prepubescent boy who was castrated in order to preserve his high
soprano voice
-Began in church choirs because mixed gender choirs were not acceptable
-Mostly ended during the classical era
Concerto/concerto grosso - Answer-An instrumental genere in which a featured
instrument plays with a symphony.
Concerto-one soloist
Concerto gross-small group of soloists
Coreli, Arcangelo - Answer--Baroque composer
-Concerto Grosso in G minor "Christmas Concerto"- II. Allegro (from the listening hw)
da capo aria - Answer-Three section song (ABA) in which the initial A section is
contrasted by a B section, then A is sung from the top (da capo) with embellishments.
Figured Bass - Answer-Set of symbols written above the bass line to help bass continuo
to hit the right sounding key
French Overture - Answer-Slow opening with dotted rhythms, then a faster section
(often in fugue form) ex. Handel's overture to the Messiah
Fugal Devices - Answer-Retrograde, inversion, retrograde inversion, diminution,
augmentation, fragmentation
Fugue - Answer-Features multiple voices playing almost non-stop imitative polyphony
Ground Bass - Answer-The melody (pitch and rhythm) of the bass line is played over
and over for the entire song (ex.Pachelbel's Canon)
Handel, George Frideric - Answer--German
, -Wrote operas (best known for oratorios) ex. the Messiah
Libretto - Answer-The text of an opera or oratorio
Opera Seria - Answer-Opera with a serious subject
Opera Buffa - Answer-Comedic opera
Recitative Secco - Answer-More freedom with rhythm, less (simple and chordal)
accompaniment, moves plot forward with dialogue)
Recitative Accompanied - Answer-More involved accompaniment, more structured
rhythm
Aria - Answer--Focus on emotion
-Very repetitive
-solo voice
Ensemble - Answer--A small group of singers
-Melodic and repetitive
-All voices moving the theme forward
Chorus - Answer--Sung by a large group of singers
-In four part harmony (ex.hymns)
Oratorio: Recitative (secco and accompanied), aria, ensemble, chorus - Answer--
Religious subject
-No sets or costumes
Piano Reduction - Answer-When a soloist can't afford an entire orchestra, they have a
pianist play a piano of the score
Purcell, Henry - Answer--Best known for opera genre
-Lived in first half of Baroque era
-English Composer
Ritornello form - Answer--One subject that is introduced in the beginning is repeated (or
returned to) throughout the piece with solos in between
-The solos don't need to be related to the musical material used in the ritornello
-ritornello/solo 1/ritornello/solo 2/ritornello etc...
Sonata - Answer--Either a solo instrument, or a solo instrument with basso continuo
-Chamber music
-No set number of movements but usually, there's three, four, or five
Suite - Answer--Based on renaissance dance music
Questions and Answers
Bach, Johann Sebastian - Answer--Known for his fugues
-Master of the polyphonic style
-Wrote a lot of sacred music
Basso continuo - Answer-Player improvises or "realizes" the bass line.
-Usually the lowest string instrument and the harpsichord do this.
Cadenza - Answer--Improvised solo by soloist in a concerto
-The orchestra pauses until soloist is done
Castrati - Answer--Prepubescent boy who was castrated in order to preserve his high
soprano voice
-Began in church choirs because mixed gender choirs were not acceptable
-Mostly ended during the classical era
Concerto/concerto grosso - Answer-An instrumental genere in which a featured
instrument plays with a symphony.
Concerto-one soloist
Concerto gross-small group of soloists
Coreli, Arcangelo - Answer--Baroque composer
-Concerto Grosso in G minor "Christmas Concerto"- II. Allegro (from the listening hw)
da capo aria - Answer-Three section song (ABA) in which the initial A section is
contrasted by a B section, then A is sung from the top (da capo) with embellishments.
Figured Bass - Answer-Set of symbols written above the bass line to help bass continuo
to hit the right sounding key
French Overture - Answer-Slow opening with dotted rhythms, then a faster section
(often in fugue form) ex. Handel's overture to the Messiah
Fugal Devices - Answer-Retrograde, inversion, retrograde inversion, diminution,
augmentation, fragmentation
Fugue - Answer-Features multiple voices playing almost non-stop imitative polyphony
Ground Bass - Answer-The melody (pitch and rhythm) of the bass line is played over
and over for the entire song (ex.Pachelbel's Canon)
Handel, George Frideric - Answer--German
, -Wrote operas (best known for oratorios) ex. the Messiah
Libretto - Answer-The text of an opera or oratorio
Opera Seria - Answer-Opera with a serious subject
Opera Buffa - Answer-Comedic opera
Recitative Secco - Answer-More freedom with rhythm, less (simple and chordal)
accompaniment, moves plot forward with dialogue)
Recitative Accompanied - Answer-More involved accompaniment, more structured
rhythm
Aria - Answer--Focus on emotion
-Very repetitive
-solo voice
Ensemble - Answer--A small group of singers
-Melodic and repetitive
-All voices moving the theme forward
Chorus - Answer--Sung by a large group of singers
-In four part harmony (ex.hymns)
Oratorio: Recitative (secco and accompanied), aria, ensemble, chorus - Answer--
Religious subject
-No sets or costumes
Piano Reduction - Answer-When a soloist can't afford an entire orchestra, they have a
pianist play a piano of the score
Purcell, Henry - Answer--Best known for opera genre
-Lived in first half of Baroque era
-English Composer
Ritornello form - Answer--One subject that is introduced in the beginning is repeated (or
returned to) throughout the piece with solos in between
-The solos don't need to be related to the musical material used in the ritornello
-ritornello/solo 1/ritornello/solo 2/ritornello etc...
Sonata - Answer--Either a solo instrument, or a solo instrument with basso continuo
-Chamber music
-No set number of movements but usually, there's three, four, or five
Suite - Answer--Based on renaissance dance music
