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  • BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT ONE BIOLOGY
  • BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT ONE BIOLOGY
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Btec Level 3 Applied Science Unit 1 Biology

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Institution BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT ONE BIOLOGY
Module BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT ONE BIOLOGY
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BTEC LEVEL 3 APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT 1 BIOLOGY

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BTEC LEVEL 3 APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT
1 BIOLOGY


plasma6membrane6-6ans--
a6microscopic6membrane6of6lipids6and6proteins6(Phospholipid6bilayer)6that6forms6the6ext
ernal6boundary6of6the6cytoplasm6of6a6cell6or6encloses6a6vacuole,6and6that6regulates6the6
passage6of6molecules6in6and6out6of6the6cytoplasm.

Golgi6apparatus6-6ans--
A6system6of6membranes6that6modifies6and6packages6proteins6for6export6by6the6cell

Vesicle6-6ans--Small6membrane-
bound6sac6that6functions6in6moving6products6into,6out6of,6and6within6a6cell.

Ribosomes6-6ans--site6of6protein6synthesis
-670s6in6prokaryotic6cells
-680s6in6eukaryotic6cells

Mitochondrion6-6ans--bean-
shaped6organelle6that6supplies6energy6(ATP)6during6the6process6of6respiration6,6to6the6c
ell6and6has6its6own6ribosomes6and6DNA.

Centrioles6-6ans--Cell6organelle6that6aids6in6cell6division6in6animal6cells6only

Nucleus6-6ans--
the6central6and6most6important6part6of6an6object,6movement,6or6group,6forming6the6basis6
for6its6activity6and6growth.6Contains6DNA

Nucleolus6-6ans--Makes6ribosomes

Smooth6Endoplasmic6Reticulum6-6ans--
An6endomembrane6system6where6lipids6are6synthesized,6calcium6levels6are6regulated,6a
nd6toxic6substances6are6broken6down.

Rough6Endoplasmic6Reticulum6-6ans--
System6of6internal6membranes6within6the6cytoplasm.6Membranes6are6rough6due6to6the6p
resence6of6ribosomes.6functions6in6transport6of6substances6such6as6proteins6within6the6c
ytoplasm

Lysosomes6-6ans--An6organelle6containing6digestive6enzymes6(lysozymes)

, cell6wall6-6ans--
A6rigid6layer6of6nonliving6material6that6surrounds6the6cells6of6plants6and6some6other6orga
nisms.

Chloroplasts6-6ans--Site6of6photosynthesis

Vacuole6-6ans--
Cell6organelle6that6stores6materials6such6as6water,6salts,6proteins,6and6carbohydrates

Amyloplast6-6ans--starch6storage

Plasmodesmata6-6ans--
An6open6channel6in6the6cell6wall6of6plants6through6which6strands6of6cytosol6connect6from6
adjacent6cells

pits6-6ans--
openings6in6the6lateral6walls6of6xylem6cells6allowing6water6and6nutrients6to6leak6into6surro
unding6tissues.

resting6potential6-6ans--electrical6charge6across6the6cell6membrane6of6a6resting6neuron6(-
70mV)

action6potential6-6ans--
the6change6in6electrical6potential6(due6to6changes6in6membrane6permeability6to6sodium6
and6potassium6ions)6associated6with6the6passage6of6an6impulse6along6the6membrane6of6
a6muscle6cell6or6nerve6cell.

Magnification6equation6-6ans--Image6size/actual6size

light6microscope6(LM)6-6ans--
An6optical6instrument6with6lenses6that6refract6(bend)6visible6light6to6magnify6images6of6sp
ecimens.6Resolution6restricted6by6the6wavelength6of6light

electron6microscope6(EM)6-6ans--
A6microscope6that6uses6magnets6to6focus6an6electron6beam6on6or6through6a6specimen,6r
esulting6in6resolving6power6a6thousandfold6greater6than6that6of6a6light6microscope.6A6tran
smission6electron6microscope6(TEM)6is6used6to6study6the6internal6structure6of6thin6sectio
ns6of6cells.6A6scanning6electron6microscope6(SEM)6is6used6to6study6the6fine6details6of6cel
l6surfaces.

Robert6Hooke6(1665)6-6ans--Studied6cork6and6and6named6the6structures6he6saw6"cells".

Universal6cell6theory6(1839)6-6ans--
In6biology,6cell6theory6is6the6historic6scientific6theory,6now6universally6accepted,6that6livin

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