NAVLE Bovine Exam With Complete Solutions
Latest Update
Bovine Leukemia Virus
---- is the leading cause of carcass condemnation because it causes lymphosarcoma
Lymphocytosis, lymphosarcoma, asymptomatic
---- is seen in 30% of BLV cows, ----- is seen in 10% of BLV cows, the majority of BLV
cows are ---
ELISA
An --- can be used to test for BLV in cows, along with PCR and lymph node biopsy
Type 1 Ketosis
A thin cow has been lactating for 4-6 weeks, due to herd competition she hasn't been
eating enough, she is now weak and trembling, this is a ---- ketosis which has resulted
from a negative energy balance
Type 2 ketosis
An obese cow that has just given birth and is lactating is prone to ---- which occurs when
the cow is mobilising excess body fat to meet the demands of milk production.
Fatty liver
A type 2 ketotic cow is prone to ---- and hepatic failure
Ketosis
A freshened cow has gotten into corn silage that has high concentrations of butyric
,acid, this can cause ---
Propylene glycol, dextrose
A type 1 ketotic cow requires oral -----and IV ----
Poor, transfaunation, insulin
A type 2 ketotic cow has a --- prognosis and requires ---- as well as --- and IV dextrose
Low protein
Ketosis can be prevented with a --- diet in cows
Mucosal disease
A PI calf with a non cytopathic strain of BVD will get ---- when infected with a cytopathic
disease and die within 4 weeks
Abortion, congenital abnormalities
Bovine viral diarrhea will cause ---- before 125 days of gestation and after 125 days will
cause ----
BVD PI
A young cow which looks stunted comes down with fever, severe diarrhea, and
erosions/ulcerations of the mouth and nose, this is likely a --- cow with mucosal disease
Omphalitis, peritonitis
--- is an inflammation of the umbilicus and is seen with young calves, it often causes
secondary ---, treatment is abx and surgery
Good
Prognosis for omphalitis is
Total protein, 24 hours
To prevent common diseases in newborn calves like omphalitis, septicemia, joint ill and
meningitis, you need to measure ---- at --- of agewhich should be greater than 5.5g/dL
,Vagal indigestion
---- is commonly caused by hardware disease and leads to fluid distention of the
rumen/reticulum
Choke
--- is an esophageal obstruction that can cause free gas bloat due to the inability to
eructate
Larkspur
---blocks acetycholine leading to sudden death within 3-4 hours
Stephanofilariasis
---- is caused by horn flies and lelads to a plaque like dermatitis along the ventral midline
of cattle
Lysine, methionine
--- and ---- are two amino acids needed by ruminal microbes in cattle who are producing
a high amount of milk.
Foot and Mouth Disease
A cow presents with ptylasim, interdigital vesicles and fever. This should make you
suspicious of ---
Hydrancephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia
A calf fetus exposed to blue tongue virus can cause ---- whereas a calf exposed to
Bovine viral diarrhea will have ---
Rinderpest
A cow is found to have necrotic peyers patches on necropsy, it had fever and stomatitis
and diarrhea. What does this make you suspicious of?
, Babesia
A thin febrile cow in Mexico has red urine and ring shaped figures in her red blood cells,
what could this be?
Wine port
A cow with clostridium novyi type D will have --- colored urine
Fetopelvic disproportion
---- is the most common cause of dystocia in cattle
Red clover
--- causes slaframine toxicosis which can lead to signs of hypersalivation and mild bloat
Botulism, supportive care
Silage can cause ---- which leads to weakness progressing to flaccid paralysis, the
mainstay treatment of this is -*-
Selenium
--- deficiency can lead to white muscle disease in calves an extreme elevation of CK and
AST will be indicative of this
Thiamine
Locoweed
---- will cause increased in prevalence and severity of congestive heart failure, can be
passed to calves through milk
Astragalus
Exacerbate
Locoweed can --- altitude sickness
Water hemlock
A cow is seen having rapid onset convulsions, coma and death, this is caused by what
plant toxin?
Latest Update
Bovine Leukemia Virus
---- is the leading cause of carcass condemnation because it causes lymphosarcoma
Lymphocytosis, lymphosarcoma, asymptomatic
---- is seen in 30% of BLV cows, ----- is seen in 10% of BLV cows, the majority of BLV
cows are ---
ELISA
An --- can be used to test for BLV in cows, along with PCR and lymph node biopsy
Type 1 Ketosis
A thin cow has been lactating for 4-6 weeks, due to herd competition she hasn't been
eating enough, she is now weak and trembling, this is a ---- ketosis which has resulted
from a negative energy balance
Type 2 ketosis
An obese cow that has just given birth and is lactating is prone to ---- which occurs when
the cow is mobilising excess body fat to meet the demands of milk production.
Fatty liver
A type 2 ketotic cow is prone to ---- and hepatic failure
Ketosis
A freshened cow has gotten into corn silage that has high concentrations of butyric
,acid, this can cause ---
Propylene glycol, dextrose
A type 1 ketotic cow requires oral -----and IV ----
Poor, transfaunation, insulin
A type 2 ketotic cow has a --- prognosis and requires ---- as well as --- and IV dextrose
Low protein
Ketosis can be prevented with a --- diet in cows
Mucosal disease
A PI calf with a non cytopathic strain of BVD will get ---- when infected with a cytopathic
disease and die within 4 weeks
Abortion, congenital abnormalities
Bovine viral diarrhea will cause ---- before 125 days of gestation and after 125 days will
cause ----
BVD PI
A young cow which looks stunted comes down with fever, severe diarrhea, and
erosions/ulcerations of the mouth and nose, this is likely a --- cow with mucosal disease
Omphalitis, peritonitis
--- is an inflammation of the umbilicus and is seen with young calves, it often causes
secondary ---, treatment is abx and surgery
Good
Prognosis for omphalitis is
Total protein, 24 hours
To prevent common diseases in newborn calves like omphalitis, septicemia, joint ill and
meningitis, you need to measure ---- at --- of agewhich should be greater than 5.5g/dL
,Vagal indigestion
---- is commonly caused by hardware disease and leads to fluid distention of the
rumen/reticulum
Choke
--- is an esophageal obstruction that can cause free gas bloat due to the inability to
eructate
Larkspur
---blocks acetycholine leading to sudden death within 3-4 hours
Stephanofilariasis
---- is caused by horn flies and lelads to a plaque like dermatitis along the ventral midline
of cattle
Lysine, methionine
--- and ---- are two amino acids needed by ruminal microbes in cattle who are producing
a high amount of milk.
Foot and Mouth Disease
A cow presents with ptylasim, interdigital vesicles and fever. This should make you
suspicious of ---
Hydrancephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia
A calf fetus exposed to blue tongue virus can cause ---- whereas a calf exposed to
Bovine viral diarrhea will have ---
Rinderpest
A cow is found to have necrotic peyers patches on necropsy, it had fever and stomatitis
and diarrhea. What does this make you suspicious of?
, Babesia
A thin febrile cow in Mexico has red urine and ring shaped figures in her red blood cells,
what could this be?
Wine port
A cow with clostridium novyi type D will have --- colored urine
Fetopelvic disproportion
---- is the most common cause of dystocia in cattle
Red clover
--- causes slaframine toxicosis which can lead to signs of hypersalivation and mild bloat
Botulism, supportive care
Silage can cause ---- which leads to weakness progressing to flaccid paralysis, the
mainstay treatment of this is -*-
Selenium
--- deficiency can lead to white muscle disease in calves an extreme elevation of CK and
AST will be indicative of this
Thiamine
Locoweed
---- will cause increased in prevalence and severity of congestive heart failure, can be
passed to calves through milk
Astragalus
Exacerbate
Locoweed can --- altitude sickness
Water hemlock
A cow is seen having rapid onset convulsions, coma and death, this is caused by what
plant toxin?
