©JUSTTRACY EXAM SOLUTIONS
14/11/2024 9:22AM
Pharm Exam 2- NURS5663 Updated
Exam Questions And Answers
ACE inhibitor mechanism of action and medications - answers✔✔By inhibiting ACE they
prevent formation of angiotensin 2 and decreases vasoconstriction and BP
"-pril" Captopril, enalapril, lisinopril
ARBs mechanism of action and medications - answers✔✔block angiotensin 2 receptors
"-sartan" candesartan and losartan
What side effect do ACE inhibitors have that ARBs don't - answers✔✔Cough (ACE breaks
down bradykinin, which is inhibited, causing an accumulation and ARBs don't)
ACE inhibitors cause hypokalemia (True or False) - answers✔✔False (less potassium
excretion due to decreases aldosterone production)
Calcium channel blockers (Dihydropyridines) meds - answers✔✔"-dipine" nifedipine,
nicardipine, amlodipine, and nimodipine
Calcium channel blockers (Non-dihydropyridines) - answers✔✔Verapamil and diltiazem
Difference between DHP and non-DHP - answers✔✔DHP- act on arterial smooth muscles as
potent vasodilator used for HTN and angina ; non-DHP- more myocardial selective and tend
to reduce HR used for antiarrhythmic
DHP Ca channel blockers side effects - answers✔✔reflex tachycardia and peripheral edema
Non-DHP Ca channel blockers side effects and drug interactions - answers✔✔bradycardia
(contraindicated in heart failure); drug interaction: beta blockers
, ©JUSTTRACY EXAM SOLUTIONS
14/11/2024 9:22AM
Verapamil vs Diltiazem - answers✔✔-Verapamil: selective for cardiac Ca channels;
Indicated in angina and nodal arrhythmias such as SVT, PSVT, afib, and a flutter
-Diltiazem: not as cardioselective; Indicated in Htn and SVT
what is cGMP - answers✔✔a second messenger than induces relaxation of smooth muscle
cells in vessel walls
cGMP mediated smooth muscle vasodilators (anti-agninal meds) - answers✔✔nitroglycerin,
isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate
cGMP mediated smooth muscle vasodilators (anti-hypertensive meds) -
answers✔✔hydralazine and nitroprusside
Nitroglycerin is a prodrug that needs to be converted to active form (nitric oxide) True or
False - answers✔✔True
How does nitric oxide work - answers✔✔Nitric oxide diffuses smooth muscles and
stimulates guanylyl cyclase thereby increasing the concentration of cGMP> vasodilation of
veins and arteries (These lead to decrease oxygen consumption and increase oxygen delivery
to heart tissue)
Side effects of nitroglycerin - answers✔✔flushing, headache, orthostatic hypotension, reflex
tachycardia
How does hydralazine work and indications - answers✔✔increases levels of cGMP in
smooth muscles (direct stimulation of guanylyl cyclase)- Indication: HTN
hydralazine side effects - answers✔✔Reflex tachycardia, drug induced lupus
Class 1, 2, 3, and 4 antiarrhythmics - answers✔✔Class I- Na channel blockers
14/11/2024 9:22AM
Pharm Exam 2- NURS5663 Updated
Exam Questions And Answers
ACE inhibitor mechanism of action and medications - answers✔✔By inhibiting ACE they
prevent formation of angiotensin 2 and decreases vasoconstriction and BP
"-pril" Captopril, enalapril, lisinopril
ARBs mechanism of action and medications - answers✔✔block angiotensin 2 receptors
"-sartan" candesartan and losartan
What side effect do ACE inhibitors have that ARBs don't - answers✔✔Cough (ACE breaks
down bradykinin, which is inhibited, causing an accumulation and ARBs don't)
ACE inhibitors cause hypokalemia (True or False) - answers✔✔False (less potassium
excretion due to decreases aldosterone production)
Calcium channel blockers (Dihydropyridines) meds - answers✔✔"-dipine" nifedipine,
nicardipine, amlodipine, and nimodipine
Calcium channel blockers (Non-dihydropyridines) - answers✔✔Verapamil and diltiazem
Difference between DHP and non-DHP - answers✔✔DHP- act on arterial smooth muscles as
potent vasodilator used for HTN and angina ; non-DHP- more myocardial selective and tend
to reduce HR used for antiarrhythmic
DHP Ca channel blockers side effects - answers✔✔reflex tachycardia and peripheral edema
Non-DHP Ca channel blockers side effects and drug interactions - answers✔✔bradycardia
(contraindicated in heart failure); drug interaction: beta blockers
, ©JUSTTRACY EXAM SOLUTIONS
14/11/2024 9:22AM
Verapamil vs Diltiazem - answers✔✔-Verapamil: selective for cardiac Ca channels;
Indicated in angina and nodal arrhythmias such as SVT, PSVT, afib, and a flutter
-Diltiazem: not as cardioselective; Indicated in Htn and SVT
what is cGMP - answers✔✔a second messenger than induces relaxation of smooth muscle
cells in vessel walls
cGMP mediated smooth muscle vasodilators (anti-agninal meds) - answers✔✔nitroglycerin,
isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate
cGMP mediated smooth muscle vasodilators (anti-hypertensive meds) -
answers✔✔hydralazine and nitroprusside
Nitroglycerin is a prodrug that needs to be converted to active form (nitric oxide) True or
False - answers✔✔True
How does nitric oxide work - answers✔✔Nitric oxide diffuses smooth muscles and
stimulates guanylyl cyclase thereby increasing the concentration of cGMP> vasodilation of
veins and arteries (These lead to decrease oxygen consumption and increase oxygen delivery
to heart tissue)
Side effects of nitroglycerin - answers✔✔flushing, headache, orthostatic hypotension, reflex
tachycardia
How does hydralazine work and indications - answers✔✔increases levels of cGMP in
smooth muscles (direct stimulation of guanylyl cyclase)- Indication: HTN
hydralazine side effects - answers✔✔Reflex tachycardia, drug induced lupus
Class 1, 2, 3, and 4 antiarrhythmics - answers✔✔Class I- Na channel blockers
