Galen Cincinnati Pharm Exam 3 with verified answers
Furosemide - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class= loop diuretic)-potassium wasting-need
potassium supplement
Therapeutic use=treat HF, HTN (hypertension), peripheral edema
Side effects: nausea, diarrhea, electrolyte imbalance, muscle cramps, HA
Adverse: Hypokalemia (muscle cramps, leg cramps), orthostatic hypotension
Take with food, eat foods high in potassium
Nursing process: drug history, vital signs, weight, urine output (<30ml/hr or less 600ml/day),
monitor labs, take in the am, rise slowly
Increased chance of Digoxin toxicity=hypokalemia increases risk of toxicity
Spironolactone - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔( class= potassium sparing diuretic)
therapeutic use =peripheral & pulmonary edema, hypertension, HF
side effects: N&V, diarrhea, HA, weakness, muscle cramps
No need for potassium supplements
At risk for hyperkalemia-monitor (this is a severe adverse reaction)
Adverse: hepatotoxicity
Nursing process: drug history, vital signs, weight, urinary output (<30ml/hr or <600ml/day report),
signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia, give in the am, avoid foods high in potassium, take with or
after meals, avoid sunlight
Hydrochlorothiazide - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class =Thiazide diuretic)
Therapeutic effect=increase urine output and treat HTN , edema
Dig toxicity if hypokalemia with thiazide
Side effects: muscle cramps, dizziness, HA, N&V, diarrhea
Adverse: orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia,(low sodium)
, Nursing process: vital signs, weight, urine output, labs, check for pitting edema,
Emphasize adherence, take in the am, no herbals, rise slowly when changing positions, eat foods
rich in potassium, take with food
Mannitol - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class=Osmotic diuretic)
therapeutic use/effect=decrease ICP and IOP
side effects: fluid and electrolyte imbalance, N&V, tachycardia
Diuresis occurs 1-3 hours after given by IV route
Do not use with heart disease, HF
Metoprolol - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class= beta blocker)
therapeutic use is to control HTN
side effects: N&V, HA, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, weakness
Adverse effects are low HR and BP
Remember lol but not with asthma
Labs: check hepatic enzymes=may increase with beta blocker
propranolol - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class=beta blocker)
therapeutic use control HTN
side effects: dizziness, sleep disorders
adverse: bradycardia, do not give with asthma
nursing process with beta blockers: medication and herbal history, check renal and liver function
labs, monitor vital signs, teach compliance, do not stop abruptly, no OTC meds with ok from MD,
teach how to take pulse & BP, rise slowly, African Americans need a diuretic with a beta blocker to
make it more effective
valsartan - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class-Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)
therapeutic use =treat HTN and HF
side effects: dizziness, drowsiness, HA
adverse: orthostatic hypotension, elevated liver enzymes
Furosemide - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class= loop diuretic)-potassium wasting-need
potassium supplement
Therapeutic use=treat HF, HTN (hypertension), peripheral edema
Side effects: nausea, diarrhea, electrolyte imbalance, muscle cramps, HA
Adverse: Hypokalemia (muscle cramps, leg cramps), orthostatic hypotension
Take with food, eat foods high in potassium
Nursing process: drug history, vital signs, weight, urine output (<30ml/hr or less 600ml/day),
monitor labs, take in the am, rise slowly
Increased chance of Digoxin toxicity=hypokalemia increases risk of toxicity
Spironolactone - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔( class= potassium sparing diuretic)
therapeutic use =peripheral & pulmonary edema, hypertension, HF
side effects: N&V, diarrhea, HA, weakness, muscle cramps
No need for potassium supplements
At risk for hyperkalemia-monitor (this is a severe adverse reaction)
Adverse: hepatotoxicity
Nursing process: drug history, vital signs, weight, urinary output (<30ml/hr or <600ml/day report),
signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia, give in the am, avoid foods high in potassium, take with or
after meals, avoid sunlight
Hydrochlorothiazide - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class =Thiazide diuretic)
Therapeutic effect=increase urine output and treat HTN , edema
Dig toxicity if hypokalemia with thiazide
Side effects: muscle cramps, dizziness, HA, N&V, diarrhea
Adverse: orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia,(low sodium)
, Nursing process: vital signs, weight, urine output, labs, check for pitting edema,
Emphasize adherence, take in the am, no herbals, rise slowly when changing positions, eat foods
rich in potassium, take with food
Mannitol - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class=Osmotic diuretic)
therapeutic use/effect=decrease ICP and IOP
side effects: fluid and electrolyte imbalance, N&V, tachycardia
Diuresis occurs 1-3 hours after given by IV route
Do not use with heart disease, HF
Metoprolol - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class= beta blocker)
therapeutic use is to control HTN
side effects: N&V, HA, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, weakness
Adverse effects are low HR and BP
Remember lol but not with asthma
Labs: check hepatic enzymes=may increase with beta blocker
propranolol - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class=beta blocker)
therapeutic use control HTN
side effects: dizziness, sleep disorders
adverse: bradycardia, do not give with asthma
nursing process with beta blockers: medication and herbal history, check renal and liver function
labs, monitor vital signs, teach compliance, do not stop abruptly, no OTC meds with ok from MD,
teach how to take pulse & BP, rise slowly, African Americans need a diuretic with a beta blocker to
make it more effective
valsartan - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔(class-Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)
therapeutic use =treat HTN and HF
side effects: dizziness, drowsiness, HA
adverse: orthostatic hypotension, elevated liver enzymes
