HOSMERIT
NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WEEK 4
MIDTERM EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWER GRADED A+
Examples of hypersensitivity type 1 - ANSWER: allergic rhinitis, anaphylactic reaction
Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by what - ANSWER: IgE
What cells are involved in hypersensitivity type 1 - ANSWER: Mast cells
symptoms of hypersensitivity type 1 - ANSWER: local: itching, immediate rash systemic:
wheezing
main treatment for anaphylaxis - ANSWER: epinephrine
Type 2 hypersensitivity is also known as what kind of reaction? - ANSWER:
cytoctoxic reaction, tissue specific
what cells are involved in type 2 hypersensitivity reaction? - ANSWER:
Macrophages
what does type 2 hypersensitivity do to tissues? - ANSWER: can cause damage or alter function
of specific tissues
Examples of hypersensitivity type 2 - ANSWER: graves disease/ hyperthyroidism, blood
incompatibility
what is the difference between type 2 and 3 hypersensitivity? - ANSWER: type 2 is organ
specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the surface of the cell
, type 3 is NOT organ specific; binds outside of the cell surface and is released into blood/ body
fluids and then deposited into tissues
examples of type 3 hypersensitivity - ANSWER: rheumatoid arthritis and lupus
autoimmune diseases can be... - ANSWER: genetic/familial
What is alloimmunity? - ANSWER: Immune reaction to tissues of another individual
Examples of alloimmunity - ANSWER: transplant rejection, transfusion reactions,
Rh incompatibility
what does sickle cell anemia and thalassemia have in common? different? - ANSWER: both are
genetically passed down; Thalessemia has many possible genetic mutations
What is pernicious anemia? - ANSWER: Vitamin B12 deficiency
Symptoms of B12 deficiency anemia - ANSWER: peripheral neuropathy due to decreased
myelination
fatigue SOB
risk factors for vitamin b12 deficiency - ANSWER: older adults, H Pylori; can cause diarrhea
Blood flow through the heart - ANSWER: deoxygenated blood goes through the 1-Superior &
Inferior Vena Cava, 2-Rt Atrium, 3-Tricuspid Valve, 4- Rt Ventricle, 5-Pulmonary Valve, 6-
Pulmonary Artery, 7- Lungs-pick up oxygen (oxygenated blood), 8-Pulmonary Veins, 9- Lt
Atrium, 10- Mitral Valve (Bicuspid), 11-Lt Ventricle, 12- Aortic Valve, 13-Aorta, 14- Body
formula for cardiac output - ANSWER: CO = HR x SV
cardia output is? - ANSWER: the amount of blood pumped from the heart per minute
NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WEEK 4
MIDTERM EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWER GRADED A+
Examples of hypersensitivity type 1 - ANSWER: allergic rhinitis, anaphylactic reaction
Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by what - ANSWER: IgE
What cells are involved in hypersensitivity type 1 - ANSWER: Mast cells
symptoms of hypersensitivity type 1 - ANSWER: local: itching, immediate rash systemic:
wheezing
main treatment for anaphylaxis - ANSWER: epinephrine
Type 2 hypersensitivity is also known as what kind of reaction? - ANSWER:
cytoctoxic reaction, tissue specific
what cells are involved in type 2 hypersensitivity reaction? - ANSWER:
Macrophages
what does type 2 hypersensitivity do to tissues? - ANSWER: can cause damage or alter function
of specific tissues
Examples of hypersensitivity type 2 - ANSWER: graves disease/ hyperthyroidism, blood
incompatibility
what is the difference between type 2 and 3 hypersensitivity? - ANSWER: type 2 is organ
specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the surface of the cell
, type 3 is NOT organ specific; binds outside of the cell surface and is released into blood/ body
fluids and then deposited into tissues
examples of type 3 hypersensitivity - ANSWER: rheumatoid arthritis and lupus
autoimmune diseases can be... - ANSWER: genetic/familial
What is alloimmunity? - ANSWER: Immune reaction to tissues of another individual
Examples of alloimmunity - ANSWER: transplant rejection, transfusion reactions,
Rh incompatibility
what does sickle cell anemia and thalassemia have in common? different? - ANSWER: both are
genetically passed down; Thalessemia has many possible genetic mutations
What is pernicious anemia? - ANSWER: Vitamin B12 deficiency
Symptoms of B12 deficiency anemia - ANSWER: peripheral neuropathy due to decreased
myelination
fatigue SOB
risk factors for vitamin b12 deficiency - ANSWER: older adults, H Pylori; can cause diarrhea
Blood flow through the heart - ANSWER: deoxygenated blood goes through the 1-Superior &
Inferior Vena Cava, 2-Rt Atrium, 3-Tricuspid Valve, 4- Rt Ventricle, 5-Pulmonary Valve, 6-
Pulmonary Artery, 7- Lungs-pick up oxygen (oxygenated blood), 8-Pulmonary Veins, 9- Lt
Atrium, 10- Mitral Valve (Bicuspid), 11-Lt Ventricle, 12- Aortic Valve, 13-Aorta, 14- Body
formula for cardiac output - ANSWER: CO = HR x SV
cardia output is? - ANSWER: the amount of blood pumped from the heart per minute
