1|Pag e
NR565 FINAL EXAM|| 2025 UPDATE ALL
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS||
LATEST AND COMPLETE VERSION 2024-2025
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS ALREADY GRADED
A+|| ASSURED PASS!!!
What is hyperthyroidism?
A condition characterized by the overproduction f thyroid hormone, leading to
accelerated metabolic processes
What laboratory test is primarily used to diagnose hyperthyroidism?
TSH, low levels indicate high thyroid hormone levels
What additional lab test confirms hyperthyroidism?
free thyroxine (T4), elevated levels of T4
Which lab test may be elevated in cases of T4 toxicosis?
total T3- elevated levels may indicate hyperthyroidism
What antibodies are tested to help determine the cause of hyperthyroidism?
thyroid antibodies (ex. TSI for grave's disease)
,2|Pag e
What laboratory test is primarily used to diagnose hypothyroidism?
TSH- elevated levels indicate low thyroid hormone levels
What additional lab test confirms hypothyroidism?
free thyroxine (T4)- low levels confirm hypothyroidism
Which antibodies are tested to help diagnose Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
thyroid antibodies (ex. anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies)
What are common causes of hyperthyroidism?
Grave's disease, other conditions affecting the thyroid or stimulating glands
What are common symptoms of hyperthryroidism?
unintended weight loss, rapid heartbeat, sweating, nervousness, irritability
What are the treatment options for hyperthyroidism?
antithyroid medications, radioactive iodine therapy, or thyroid surgery
What is methimazole used for?
,3|Pag e
first-line antithyroid drug used to treat hyperthyroidism by inhibiting thyroid
hormone synthesis
What are the unique features of methimazole?
safer and more convenient than PTU, preferred except in the first trimester of
pregnancy
How does methimazole work?
blocks the enzyme thyroid peroxidase, reducing synthesis of T3 and T4 hormones
What are potential side effects of methimazole?
agranulocytosis and hypothyroidism (from supra-therapeutic doses)
What is PTU used for?
second-line antithyroid drug primarily used in the first trimester of pregnancy and
for thyroid storm
How does PTU work?
it inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis and peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
, 4|Pag e
What is hypothyroidism?
a condition where the thyroid gland is under active, leading to insufficient
production of thyroid hormones
What are common symptoms of hypothyroidism?
fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, and depression
What is levothyroxine used for?
it is a synthetic thyroid hormone replacement used to manage hypothyroidism
How does levothyroxine work?
it supplements thyroid hormone levels, converting T4 to T3, normalizing metabolic
processes
What are potential side effects of levothyroxine?
thyrotoxicosis, osteoporosis, and atrial fibrillation with chronic overdose
What is the preferred antithyroid medication during the first trimester of
pregnancy?
PTU is preferred due to its lower risk of crossing the placenta
NR565 FINAL EXAM|| 2025 UPDATE ALL
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS||
LATEST AND COMPLETE VERSION 2024-2025
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS ALREADY GRADED
A+|| ASSURED PASS!!!
What is hyperthyroidism?
A condition characterized by the overproduction f thyroid hormone, leading to
accelerated metabolic processes
What laboratory test is primarily used to diagnose hyperthyroidism?
TSH, low levels indicate high thyroid hormone levels
What additional lab test confirms hyperthyroidism?
free thyroxine (T4), elevated levels of T4
Which lab test may be elevated in cases of T4 toxicosis?
total T3- elevated levels may indicate hyperthyroidism
What antibodies are tested to help determine the cause of hyperthyroidism?
thyroid antibodies (ex. TSI for grave's disease)
,2|Pag e
What laboratory test is primarily used to diagnose hypothyroidism?
TSH- elevated levels indicate low thyroid hormone levels
What additional lab test confirms hypothyroidism?
free thyroxine (T4)- low levels confirm hypothyroidism
Which antibodies are tested to help diagnose Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
thyroid antibodies (ex. anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies)
What are common causes of hyperthyroidism?
Grave's disease, other conditions affecting the thyroid or stimulating glands
What are common symptoms of hyperthryroidism?
unintended weight loss, rapid heartbeat, sweating, nervousness, irritability
What are the treatment options for hyperthyroidism?
antithyroid medications, radioactive iodine therapy, or thyroid surgery
What is methimazole used for?
,3|Pag e
first-line antithyroid drug used to treat hyperthyroidism by inhibiting thyroid
hormone synthesis
What are the unique features of methimazole?
safer and more convenient than PTU, preferred except in the first trimester of
pregnancy
How does methimazole work?
blocks the enzyme thyroid peroxidase, reducing synthesis of T3 and T4 hormones
What are potential side effects of methimazole?
agranulocytosis and hypothyroidism (from supra-therapeutic doses)
What is PTU used for?
second-line antithyroid drug primarily used in the first trimester of pregnancy and
for thyroid storm
How does PTU work?
it inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis and peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
, 4|Pag e
What is hypothyroidism?
a condition where the thyroid gland is under active, leading to insufficient
production of thyroid hormones
What are common symptoms of hypothyroidism?
fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, and depression
What is levothyroxine used for?
it is a synthetic thyroid hormone replacement used to manage hypothyroidism
How does levothyroxine work?
it supplements thyroid hormone levels, converting T4 to T3, normalizing metabolic
processes
What are potential side effects of levothyroxine?
thyrotoxicosis, osteoporosis, and atrial fibrillation with chronic overdose
What is the preferred antithyroid medication during the first trimester of
pregnancy?
PTU is preferred due to its lower risk of crossing the placenta
