MEDCA PHLEBOTOMY EXAM WITH SOLUTIONS
Hematoma Correct Ans-- occurs as blood that pools in tissue around veins is collected
- may result in bruising and may be painful
- to prevent hematoma, surface veins should be chosen and puncture should be at the accurate
angle
Hemolysis Correct Ans-- complication that occurs in the collected blood sample
- if sample is not collected or handled properly, blood cells may start to break apart
- to prevent this, the phlebotomist should collect and handle samples with care
- tubes that contain additives should be inverted
Hemoconcetration Correct Ans-- increased amount of large molecules and formed elements
- causes may be prolonged tourniquet application or occluded veins
Indwelling Lines/ Catheters Correct Ans-- this can be a source for potential errors
- to prevent complications, samples should be discarded three times the amount of the line
before the
specimen is collected for further testing or analysis
Infection Correct Ans-- when performing phlebotomy, the skin barrier is broken, allowing
germs or bacteria to enter the body - to prevent infection, skin must properly be
cleaned/sterilized, and gloves should always be used
,Prolonged tourniquet Application Correct Ans-- tourniquets should not remain on a patient
for more than two minutes - if left on longer, integrity of blood and health of patient may be at
risk - prolonged tourniquet applications may lead to tissue or nerve damage - if no vein can be
found, the phlebotomist should try an alternate site
Bleeding Time Correct Ans-a test that identifies function disorders of platelets
Lastin gor prolonged bleeding may take place as a result of abnormal function or insufficient
amount of platelets
Causes of prolonged bleeding may be what? Correct Ans-Platelet disorder
Fibrinogen Disorder
Medications like aspirin
Decreased platelet number
Scurvy
Selected site for bleeding time test Correct Ans-dorsal side of mid forearm
Blood Alcohol Testing Correct Ans-measures the amount of alcohol within the body
When is there the highest level of alcohol in the blood? Correct Ans-about one hour after
having an alcoholic beverage
,Where is alcohol broken down Correct Ans-the liver
In Blood donor testing each donor unit provides Correct Ans-- red blood cells (erythrocytes)
- plasma
- platelets (thrombocytes)
- blood typing reagents
- blood clotting factors
- proteins and immunoglobulin
In Blood Donation testing donor candidates Correct Ans-- be between 17 and 66 years of age
- give permission or have written parental consent
- be in overall good health
- weigh a minimum of 110 pounds
- have sufficient amount of hemoglobin and/or hematocrit
Autologous Donations Correct Ans-- person donates blood for their own future use
- if blood is donated before surgical procedure, the following
criteria must be met:
- written order of physician
- patient must be capable of regenerating red blood cells
, - level of hemoglobin must be at least 11 grams
- surgical procedure cannot be within 72 hours after donation
Blood Donation Procedure Correct Ans-- two-step cleansing process using iodine
preparations
- selection of large vein, generally the antecubital area
- 16-gauge needle and evacuated tube system are used
- the anticoagulant in tubes is citrate phosphate dextrose
- if tube does not fill completely, the sample must be discarded
and the procedure repeated
Aftercare in Blood Donation Processes Correct Ans-- in any blood donation procedure,
patient must be monitored for any side effects such as dizziness and/or nausea that may occur
- if side effects occur, make sure to keep patient in a supine position (lying face-up on back) with
the head lower than the heart
Requirements for Forensic Testing Correct Ans-- specimens must always be stored/kept in a
locked container - the legal document must state:
- person's name specimen was received from
- person's name collecting the specimen
- person's name specimen was given to
- length of time each person handled the specimen
Hematoma Correct Ans-- occurs as blood that pools in tissue around veins is collected
- may result in bruising and may be painful
- to prevent hematoma, surface veins should be chosen and puncture should be at the accurate
angle
Hemolysis Correct Ans-- complication that occurs in the collected blood sample
- if sample is not collected or handled properly, blood cells may start to break apart
- to prevent this, the phlebotomist should collect and handle samples with care
- tubes that contain additives should be inverted
Hemoconcetration Correct Ans-- increased amount of large molecules and formed elements
- causes may be prolonged tourniquet application or occluded veins
Indwelling Lines/ Catheters Correct Ans-- this can be a source for potential errors
- to prevent complications, samples should be discarded three times the amount of the line
before the
specimen is collected for further testing or analysis
Infection Correct Ans-- when performing phlebotomy, the skin barrier is broken, allowing
germs or bacteria to enter the body - to prevent infection, skin must properly be
cleaned/sterilized, and gloves should always be used
,Prolonged tourniquet Application Correct Ans-- tourniquets should not remain on a patient
for more than two minutes - if left on longer, integrity of blood and health of patient may be at
risk - prolonged tourniquet applications may lead to tissue or nerve damage - if no vein can be
found, the phlebotomist should try an alternate site
Bleeding Time Correct Ans-a test that identifies function disorders of platelets
Lastin gor prolonged bleeding may take place as a result of abnormal function or insufficient
amount of platelets
Causes of prolonged bleeding may be what? Correct Ans-Platelet disorder
Fibrinogen Disorder
Medications like aspirin
Decreased platelet number
Scurvy
Selected site for bleeding time test Correct Ans-dorsal side of mid forearm
Blood Alcohol Testing Correct Ans-measures the amount of alcohol within the body
When is there the highest level of alcohol in the blood? Correct Ans-about one hour after
having an alcoholic beverage
,Where is alcohol broken down Correct Ans-the liver
In Blood donor testing each donor unit provides Correct Ans-- red blood cells (erythrocytes)
- plasma
- platelets (thrombocytes)
- blood typing reagents
- blood clotting factors
- proteins and immunoglobulin
In Blood Donation testing donor candidates Correct Ans-- be between 17 and 66 years of age
- give permission or have written parental consent
- be in overall good health
- weigh a minimum of 110 pounds
- have sufficient amount of hemoglobin and/or hematocrit
Autologous Donations Correct Ans-- person donates blood for their own future use
- if blood is donated before surgical procedure, the following
criteria must be met:
- written order of physician
- patient must be capable of regenerating red blood cells
, - level of hemoglobin must be at least 11 grams
- surgical procedure cannot be within 72 hours after donation
Blood Donation Procedure Correct Ans-- two-step cleansing process using iodine
preparations
- selection of large vein, generally the antecubital area
- 16-gauge needle and evacuated tube system are used
- the anticoagulant in tubes is citrate phosphate dextrose
- if tube does not fill completely, the sample must be discarded
and the procedure repeated
Aftercare in Blood Donation Processes Correct Ans-- in any blood donation procedure,
patient must be monitored for any side effects such as dizziness and/or nausea that may occur
- if side effects occur, make sure to keep patient in a supine position (lying face-up on back) with
the head lower than the heart
Requirements for Forensic Testing Correct Ans-- specimens must always be stored/kept in a
locked container - the legal document must state:
- person's name specimen was received from
- person's name collecting the specimen
- person's name specimen was given to
- length of time each person handled the specimen
